CXCR1 expression predicts benefit from tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Purpose

CXCR1 signaling promotes tumor progression in various cancers, and clinical trial has proved efficacy of CXCR1 inhibitor in metastatic breast cancer. Therefore, we investigated the prognostic value of CXCR1 in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) therapy.

Low frequency of cervicocranial artery involvement in Japanese with renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia compared with that of Caucasians

Background

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD), which usually affects the renal artery, also affects the carotid, vertebral, and intracranial arteries. Previous studies have shown a high prevalence of concomitant renal artery and cervicocranial lesions in FMD patients. However, the analyzed subjects were mostly Caucasians in Western countries.

Method

We performed a retrospective analysis to examine the prevalence of cervicocranial vascular lesions in Japanese FMD patients with renal artery involvement at a single institution. The presence of cervicocranial lesions was evaluated by Doppler echography and magnetic resonance angiography. We compared this prevalence with that reported in the literature.

Result

Thirty-one Japanese FMD patients with renal artery lesions were studied. The mean age was 30?±?12 years, 71% were women, and 16% were smokers; all patients were Asians and had hypertension. Multifocal, tubular, and unifocal types of renal lesions were found in 52, 35, and 13% of patients, respectively. Bilateral renal lesions were found in 13% of patients. None of the patients had a cervical vascular lesion associated with FMD. Only two patients (8%) had a lesion in the intracranial artery, of which one was a known case of moyamoya disease.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that cervical artery involvement and intracranial artery involvement are not common in renal FMD patients in Japan, which is in contrast to the data reported for Caucasian patients in Western countries. Ethnic differences could influence the occurrence of cervicocranial lesions. A study with a larger sample size should be performed to validate these findings.

     

An Effective Treatment for Heart Failure Caused by Valvular Heart Diseases: Thoracic Sympathetic Block

Background: The pilot study is designed to investigate the effect of continuous thoracic sympathetic block (TSB) on cardiac function, reconstruction, and hemodynamic parameters in patients with heart failure resulting from valvular heart disease. Method: The cardiac function parameters, including left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricle end-diastole diameter (LVEDD), fractional shortening (FS), and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), were measured in 19 patients before and after TSB treatment. The patients were also classified on the basis of NYHA classification system. Results: 4 weeks of TSB administration improved cardiac function in 18 of 19 patients (94.74%). The patients' LVEF, LVEDD, and NT-proBNP were all improved significantly after treatment. Conclusions: The favorable clinical outcome of TSB administration suggests an alternative treatment for the patients with heart failure caused by valvular dysfunctions.     

Remebot机器人辅助下立体定向脑组织活检术的护理配合

目的总结Remebot机器人辅助下立体定向脑组织活检术的护理配合方法。方法对19例患者行Remebot机器人辅助下立体定向脑组织活检术,其护理配合包括完善术前准备,合理布局手术间、正确安置体位、术中密切监护等,术后加强仪器设备的管理、特殊器械的维护和保养等。结果 19例均顺利完成手术,手术时间28~48min,平均35.5min;术后无一例发生并发症。结论 Remebot机器人辅助下立体定向脑组织活检术是一种高效、精准的新型手术方式,充分的术前准备、高质量的手术配合以及妥善的术后处理是手术成功的重要保证。     

基于SRK模型的护理人为差错类型分析及管理对策

目的了解护理人为差错的特点及其与不良事件的关系,为减少护理不良事件、保证患者安全提供依据。方法从某三级甲等医院的护士不良事件上报系统收集护理不良事件,根据SRK模型进行人为差错分类。结果共收集护理不良事件806起,其中护理人为差错占74.32%,非人为差错占25.68%;在护理人为差错中,规则型错误所占比例最高(58.43%),其次为技能型疏忽和技能型遗忘(分别为22.37%和11.69%),知识型错误和规则型疏忽占比较少(分别为7.18%和0.33%);不同类型护理人为差错导致的不良事件严重程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);知识型错误、规则型错误导致的不良事件严重程度显著高于技能型遗忘和技能型疏忽(均P<0.01)。结论护理人为差错是导致护理不良事件的主要因素,知识型及规则型人为差错引起的护理不良事件后果较严重,需要从组织层面和个人层面防范护理人为差错的发生。