内蒙古大学生学习倦怠分析

目的:了解内蒙古大学生学习倦怠的现状,为制定干预措施提供科学依据.方法:以<大学生学习倦怠问卷>为研究工具,对内蒙古自治区6所高校的438名大学生继续调查.结果:内蒙古大学生的学习倦怠程度较高;在行为不当上随着年级的增高程度减低;在情绪低落上,年级、专业和家庭所在地有交互作用.结论:内蒙古大学生的学习倦怠程度较高,由此我们可以看出地处西部欠发达地区的内蒙古自治区的教育水平有待加强.     

保存角巩膜移植修复角巩膜组织缺损的临床评价

为评价保存的角巩膜移植修复角巩膜组织缺损的疗效，对１１８例（１２０眼）角膜缘变性及角巩膜葡萄肿患者施行全厚板层及板层移植术。术后随访６月—１０年，所有病例获得了满意效果，未见原有病复发，亦无排斥反应发生，效果满意，无并发症     

多联手术治疗晶状体悬韧带松弛继发急性闭角型青光眼

目的　探讨多联手术治疗晶状体悬韧带松弛继发急性闭角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法　回顾性病例研究。２０１２年３月至２０１４年５月在河北省眼科医院白内障科就诊的晶状体悬韧带松弛继发急性闭角型青光眼患者２３例（２３眼）,采用微切口囊袋内预劈核超声乳化联合张力环植入、前部玻璃体切割和房角分离术进行治疗。术后随访观察最佳矫正视力、眼压、前房深度以及前囊收缩情况、后囊膜混浊程度、人工晶状体的居中性。结果　术后３个月最佳矫正视力＞０．６～１．０者８眼,＞０．３～０．６者１２眼,０．１～０．３者３眼。术后３个月最佳矫正视力较术前增加,差异有统计学意义（ｔ＝３６．２２５,Ｐ＜０．０１）。所有患者术后１ｄ眼压均下降至正常,为１０．３～１６．５（１４．２±１．９）ｍｍＨｇ（１ｋＰａ＝７．５ｍｍＨｇ）,与术前相比差异有统计学意义（ｔ＝２７．９０２,Ｐ＜０．０１）。术后随访３个月,未见眼压明显波动。术中未出现灌注液迷流综合征,术后未发生恶性青光眼。术后３个月所有患者人工晶状体居中性良好,未出现囊袋收缩、后发性白内障等并发症。结论　采用多联手术治疗晶状体悬韧带松弛继发急性闭角型青光眼可以取得满意的疗效。     

老年睑板腺功能障碍蠕形螨感染率及茶树精油联合氟米龙的疗效

目的：研究老年睑板腺功能障碍(MGD)蠕形螨感染率及茶树精油联合氟米龙的疗效。

方法：回顾性病例对照研究。选择2017-09/2018-03在宁波市眼科医院门诊就诊的老年MGD患者59例118眼。将睫毛蠕形螨镜检为阳性的38例患者76眼进行症状评分、蠕形螨数量、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、角膜荧光素染色(FL)、Schirmer I试验(SIaT)等检查,并按不同治疗方法分成3组,A组使用0.02%氟米龙滴眼液滴眼24眼; B组使用茶树精油(TTO)湿巾敷眼26眼; C组用0.02%氟米龙滴眼液滴眼联合TTO湿巾敷眼26眼,随访4wk。

结果：118眼中76眼(64.4%)睫毛蠕形螨镜检为阳性。睫毛蠕形螨阳性的三组患者治疗后的主观症状评分均较治疗前有改善(P<0.05)。治疗后A组蠕形螨数量较治疗前无显著差异(P=0.11); B、C组较治疗前明显减少(均P<0.01)。三组患者BUT治疗前后比较,A组BUT无显著差异(P=0.22); B、C组BUT明显延长(均P<0.05)。治疗后C组的BUT较A、B组明显延长(均P<0.05)。三组患者治疗前后的FL评分均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05)。

结论：老年MGD患者睫毛蠕形螨感染率较高,睑板腺热疏通后TTO湿巾联合0.02%氟米龙滴眼液能有效驱螨、缓解MGD患者局部症状。     

氩离子激光光凝前后糖尿病大鼠眼内组织中色素上皮衍生因子的表达

目的:观察氩离子激光视网膜光凝后糖尿病大鼠眼玻璃体及视网膜组织内色素上皮衍生因子(pigment epithelium-derived factor,PEDF)蛋白质表达的变化。方法:选用先天性糖尿病GK大鼠20只,对所有大鼠左眼施行氩离子激光视网膜光凝,右眼不进行光凝,作为自体对照。激光光凝后3d处死动物,取出眼球,WesternBlot和免疫组织化学染色检测玻璃体和视网膜组织中PEDF蛋白质表达的变化。结果:氩离子激光视网膜光凝后糖尿病大鼠玻璃体和视网膜中PEDF蛋白的表达均明显升高(P<0.01);且PEDF蛋白主要存在于RPE细胞层、光感受器细胞层、外核层和神经节细胞层,内核层表达的强度低于上述4层。结论:氩离子激光光凝可以上调糖尿病大鼠玻璃体和视网膜组织PEDF表达,抑制新生血管形成,达到治疗的目的。     

橙皮苷对免疫功能低下小鼠免疫调节作用的实验研究

目的研究橙皮苷(hesperidin,HDN)对小鼠免疫调节的作用。方法腹腔注射环磷酰胺(Cy)复制免疫功能低下的动物模型,测定胸腺、脾脏重量计算脏器指数;碳廓清法测定网状内皮系统吞噬功能;分光光度法测定血清溶血素IgM、IgG(HCIgM、HCIgG);绵羊红细胞(SRBC)的定量溶血测定法(QHS)测定脾溶血空斑形成细胞(PFC);噻唑蓝(MTT)法测定脾淋巴细胞增殖反应;二硝基氟苯(DNFB)诱导迟发型变态反应模型,观察HDN对小鼠迟发型变态反应(DTH)和T淋巴细胞亚群的影响。结果HDN可提高免疫低下小鼠的脏器指数、碳廓清指数K和吞噬指数α;HDN可以改善免疫抑制小鼠低下的脾淋巴细胞增殖反应,恢复小鼠DTH和提高CD4+、CD8+细胞数;对特异性HCIgM、HCIgG和PFC无影响。结论HDN对小鼠的非特异性免疫和特异性细胞免疫反应有促进作用,对特异性体液免疫反应无影响。     

Combinational treatment of 5‐fluorouracil and casticin induces apoptosis in mouse leukemia WEHI‐3 cells in vitro

Leukemia is one of the major diseases causing cancer‐related deaths in the young population, and its cure rate is unsatisfying with side effects on patients. Fluorouracil (5‐FU) is currently used as an anticancer drug for leukemia patients. Casticin, a natural polymethoxyflavone, exerts anticancer activity against many human cancer cell lines in vitro, but no other reports show 5‐FU combined with casticin increased the mouse leukemia cell apoptosis in vitro. Herein, the antileukemia activity of 5‐FU combined with casticin in WEHI‐3 mouse leukemia cells was investigated in vitro. Treatment of two‐drug combination had a higher decrease in cell viability and a higher increase in apoptotic cell death, the level of DNA condensation, and the length of comet tail than that of 5‐FU or casticin treatment alone in WEHI‐3 cells. In addition, the two‐drug combination has a greater production rate of reactive oxygen species but a lower level of Ca²⁺ release and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ_m) than that of 5‐FU alone. Combined drugs also induced higher caspase‐3 and caspase‐8 activities than that of casticin alone and higher caspase‐9 activity than that of 5‐FU or casticin alone at 48 hours treatment. Furthermore, 5‐FU combined with casticin has a higher expression of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD [Cu/Zn]) and lower catalase than that of 5‐FU or casticin treatment alone. The combined treatment has higher levels of Bax, Endo G, and cytochrome C of proapoptotic proteins than that of casticin alone and induced lower levels of B‐cell lymphoma 2 (BCL‐2) and BCL‐X of antiapoptotic proteins than that of 5‐FU or casticin only. Furthermore, the combined treatment had a higher expression of cleaved poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) than that of casticin only. Based on these findings, we may suggest that 5‐FU combined with casticin treatment increased apoptotic cell death in WEHI‐3 mouse leukemia cells that may undergo mitochondria and caspases signaling pathways in vitro.     

参脉五味口服液澄清工艺优选

目的:优选参脉五味口服液澄清工艺。方法:分别采用醇沉法、离心法、壳聚糖絮凝法、ZTC絮凝法对参脉五味口服液进行澄清处理,筛选出适宜的澄清方法。采用单因素实验法,以五味子醇甲含量、干膏率和澄明度为评价指标,优化澄清工艺。结果:适宜的澄清方法为壳聚糖絮凝法,澄清工艺为药液浓缩至1∶2,pH调至4,壳聚糖用量为0.8%,絮凝温度为30～40℃。结论:壳聚糖絮凝法能有效除去杂质,保留有效成分,成本低,操作简便,可作为参脉五味口服液的澄清工艺。     

低分子肝素的抗血栓作用

研究了低分子肝素 (lowmoleculerweightheparin ,LMWH)的抗血栓作用 .研究表明 ,静脉注射LMWH (40 0、2 0 0IU/kg)能明显降低家兔高、中、低切比粘度 (P <0 .0 1) ,并显著降低家兔体内实验性血栓湿重及干重 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;静脉注射LMWH 40 0、2 0 0IU/kg及 30 0、15 0IU/kg能分别抑制家兔及小鼠ADP诱导的血小板聚集作用 (P <0 .0 0 1) .实验证明 ,相对分子质量为 6 40 0的低分子肝素有抗血栓作用 .     

Changes of TGF-β2, MMP-2, and TIMP-2 levels in the vitreous of patients with high myopia

Purpose

To investigate the concentrations of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 in the vitreous of patients with high myopia.

Methods

Twenty-six patients with high myopia (HM) who received vitrectomy for macular retinoschisis or macular hole were enrolled in this prospective study. Twenty-six patients with idiopathic macular hole or macular epiretinal membrane were chosen as a control group. Vitreous samples were obtained during the vitrectomy surgery. The levels of TGF-β2、MMP-2、TIMP-2 in the vitreous samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The MMP activity was determined by a fluorometric assay.

Results

There was no significant difference in the vitreous level of TGF-β2 between HM (1.64?±?0.38 ng/ml) and the control group (1.56?±?0.32 ng/ml, p?=?0.56). The vitreous levels of MMP-2 in HM (32.40?±?14.90 ng/ml) were significantly higher than in the control group (21.42?±?6.74 ng/ml, p?MMP-2/TIMP-2 was significantly elevated in the vitreous samples from HM (0.61?±?0.19), compared to the control group (0.48?±?0.11, p?p?Conclusions The elevated MMP/TIMP ratio and MMP activity may play a role in the pathogenesis of human high myopia. Large prospective studies are needed to further investigate the effect of MMPs in the pathogenesis of human high myopia.