肺滑膜肉瘤的诊治现状

目的探讨提高肺滑膜肉瘤诊断、治愈率的方法。方法选择1例肺滑膜肉瘤患者,同时结合2012年10月中国期刊全文数据库收录发表的80例资料较为完整的肺原发性滑膜肉瘤患者进行回顾性研究,分析其主要临床表现、影像学特点,根据病理学、免疫组化特点及分子生物学对其进行诊断及鉴别诊断,以减少误诊。结果81例肺原发性滑膜肉瘤患者中,男40例,女41例。主要临床表现有胸痛、呼吸困难、咯血及咳嗽。个别病例无任何不适。全部病例均进行手术治疗。术前均未确诊,最终依赖病理、免疫组化支持诊断。结论肺原发性滑膜肉瘤临床表现不一,影像学检查具有相对特征表现,易与其他肺部肿瘤或炎性反应混淆;确诊需依靠病理、免疫组化和融合基因检测。手术切除是主要的治疗方法,切除不完全者预后差。     

Th9/IL-9与炎性疾病研究进展

Th9细胞是近年来发现的辅助性T淋巴细胞亚群,特异性分泌细胞因子IL-9为主,在机体发挥着免疫应答和免疫调节作用。目前发现Th9细胞及IL-9除了参与肿瘤免疫、自身免疫性疾病、寄生虫感染之外,在炎性疾病的发生与进展中的作用不容小觑,但具体机制尚待进一步研究。     

童年期不良经历与青春发动时相提前的关联及其性别差异的研究

目的 探讨童年期不良经历与青春发动时相提前的关联及其可能的性别差异。方法 以安徽省某九年一贯制小学3～5年级自愿参加的男女生为研究对象, 进行问卷调查、体格和第二性征发育(男生睾丸容积和女生乳房)检查。问卷调查主要包括童年期不良经历和视频时间、体力活动情况。青春发动时相提前的判定标准按“中国儿童青春期发育研究协作组”建立的中国儿童青少年青春期发育里程碑事件年龄界值。结果 共调查1 744名8.2～12.2岁学生, 其中男生957人, 女生787人。男生青春发动时相提前检出率为7.5%, 女生为14.6%, 差异有统计学意义(χ²=11.671, P<0.001)。报告家庭不良事件的男生, 其青春发动时相提前检出率较高;报告躯体虐待经历的女生, 其青春发动时相提前检出率也较高。多因素logistic回归分析表明, 家庭不良事件是男生青春发动时相提前的危险因素(OR=2.531, 95%CI:1.276～5.020), 躯体虐待经历是女生青春发动时相提前的危险因素(OR=2.453, 95%CI:1.588～3.788)。结论 躯体虐待和家庭不良事件均与青春发育提前有关, 但该关联的本质及其性别差异尚需纵向研究进一步阐明。     

17 β-estradiol suppresses Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric pathology in male hypergastrinemic INS-GAS mice

Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric cancer is male predominant and animal studies suggest that sex hormones influence gastric carcinogenesis. We investigated the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) or castration on H.pylori-induced gastritis in male INS-GAS/FVB/N (Tg(Ins1-GAS)1Sbr) mice. Comparisons were made to previously evaluated sham (n = 8) and H.pylori-infected (n = 8), intact male INS-GAS mice which had developed severe corpus gastritis accompanied by atrophy, hyperplasia, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia of the epithelium within 16 weeks postinfection (all P < 0.01). Castration at 8 weeks of age had no sparing effect on lesions in uninfected (n = 5) or H.pylori-infected mice (n = 7) but all lesion subfeatures were attenuated by E2 in H.pylori-infected mice (n = 7) (P < 0.001). Notably, inflammation was not reduced but glandular atrophy, hyperplasia, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia were also less severe in uninfected, E2-treated mice (n = 7) (P < 0.01). Attenuation of gastric lesions by E2 was associated with lower messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of interferon (IFN)-γ (P < 0.05) and interleukin (IL)-1β (P < 0.004), and higher IL-10 (P < 0.02) as well as decreased numbers of Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells when compared with infected intact males. Infected E2-treated mice also developed higher Th2-associated anti-H.pylori IgG1 responses (P < 0.05) and significantly lower Ki-67 indices of epithelial proliferation (P < 0.05). E2 elevated expression of mRNA for Foxp3 (P < 0.0001) and IL-10 (P < 0.01), and decreased IL-1β (P < 0.01) in uninfected, intact male mice compared with controls. Therefore, estrogen supplementation, but not castration, attenuated gastric lesions in H.pylori-infected male INS-GAS mice and to a lesser extent in uninfected mice, potentially by enhancing IL-10 function, which in turn decreased IFN-γ and IL-1β responses induced by H.pylori.     

Exploratory spatial analysis of social and environmental factors associated with the incidence of Ross River virus in Brisbane, Australia

We used geographic information systems and a spatial analysis approach to explore the pattern of Ross River virus (RRV) incidence in Brisbane, Australia. Climate, vegetation and socioeconomic data in 2001 were obtained from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, the Brisbane City Council and the Australian Bureau of Statistics, respectively. Information on the RRV cases was obtained from the Queensland Department of Health. Spatial and multiple negative binomial regression models were used to identify the socioeconomic and environmental determinants of RRV transmission. The results show that RRV activity was primarily concentrated in the northeastern, northwestern, and southeastern regions in Brisbane. Multiple negative binomial regression models showed that the spatial pattern of RRV disease in Brisbane seemed to be determined by a combination of local ecologic, socioeconomic, and environmental factors.