Decreased expression of claudin-18.2 in alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer compared to conventional gastric cancer

BackgroundAlpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) is a subtype of gastric cancer (GC) with more aggressive biological behavior. As a highly specific tight junction component exclusively present in gastric mucosa and gastric adenocarcinomas, claudin-18.2 (CLDN18.2) has become an emerging target in GC. In this study, we aimed to provide insight into AFPGC and investigate the expression and the clinical implications of CLDN18.2 in AFPGC.MethodsWe retrospectively collected 98 cases of AFPGC and reviewed their clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical features. Another 356 patients with stage-matched conventional GC (cGC) were enrolled as a control group. We further surveyed CLDN18.2 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 51 AFPGC tissues and explained its association with the clinicopathological parameters of AFPGC.ResultsOur results showed that AFPGC was a unique GC type with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which was a predictor of a worse prognosis. AFPGC showed typical morphological features and positive staining of at least 1 hepatocytic or enteroblastic marker. The expression rate of CLDN18.2 was low, with a positivity rate of 21.6%, which was much lower than that observed in cGC tissues (38.5%). A significant correlation was found between CLDN18.2 expression and the differentiation of AFPGC. CLDN18.2 expression was negatively correlated with the serum AFP level of AFPGC. We also found that AFPGC with a hepatoid type (HPT) component showed a significantly lower CLDN18.2 expression than those without.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that CLDN18.2 was significantly decreased in AFPGC and was negatively correlated with the patient’s preoperative serum AFP level. The negative correlation between AFP and CLDN18.2 could be explained by retro-differentiation of AFPGC. Special treatment strategies might be needed for this unique tumor type.     

Combination of C‐reactive protein,procalcitonin, IL‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐10 for early diagnosis of hyperinflammatory state and organ dysfunction in pediatric sepsis

BackgroundAlthough early diagnosis and management are critical for prognosis of pediatric sepsis, there are no specific diagnostic biomarkers for the hyperinflammatory state and organ dysfunction, important stages of sepsis.MethodsWe enrolled 129 children with infection into three groups: non‐sepsis infection (33), Sepsis 1.0 (hyperinflammatory state, 67), and Sepsis 3.0 (organ dysfunction, 29). Another 32 children with no infections were included as controls. Serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐12p70, IL‐17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interferon (IFN)‐α, and IFN‐γ were assessed to diagnose the two stages, and their diagnostic capacities were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. We also examined whether combining biomarkers improved diagnostic efficiency.ResultsSignificantly higher CRP, PCT, and IL‐6 levels were detected in the Sepsis 1.0 than the non‐sepsis infection group (p < 0.001). The areas under the curve (AUCs) for diagnosing Sepsis 1.0 were 0.974 (CRP), 0.913 (PCT) and 0.919 (IL‐6). A combination of any two biomarkers increased diagnostic sensitivity to ≥92.54% and specificity to 100.00%. Significantly higher PCT, IL‐8, and IL‐10 levels were found in the Sepsis 3.0 than the Sepsis 1.0 group (p ≤ 0.01), with AUCs for diagnosing Sepsis 3.0 0.807 (PCT), 0.711 (IL‐8), and 0.860 (IL‐10). Combining these three biomarkers increased diagnostic sensitivity to 96.55% and specificity to 94.03%.ConclusionIn pediatric sepsis, combining any two of CRP, PCT, and IL‐6 can accurately diagnose the hyperinflammatory state and increase diagnostic specificity. Early diagnosis of organ dysfunction requires a combination of PCT, IL‐8, and IL‐10.     

梅花的本草考证

梅花为我国传统药材,具有疏肝和中,化痰散结的作用,常用于治疗梅核气,肝胃气痛,食欲不振,头晕,瘰疬.梅原产中国,其栽培应用历史悠久,品种复杂繁多,现代研究将梅分为果梅与花梅两类,品种达数百个之多.但关于古代文献中统究竟以何种颜色梅花人药为佳,以及药用梅花类群与植物系统学的关联性等尚未有相关的研究报道.为正本清源,笔者对...     

胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂治疗多囊卵巢综合征患者有效性与安全性的Meta分析

目的 评价胰高血糖素样肽-1(glucagon like peptide-1,GLP-1)受体激动剂与二甲双胍治疗多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovarian syndrome,PCOS)的有效性与安全性.方法 计算机检索英文数据库PubMed、CENTRAL(2020年第3期)、EMbase;中文数据库Wan...     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者上呼吸道的CT研究

目的 :探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 (OSAS)患者和正常人的上呼吸道CT资料的差异。方法 :对经多导睡眠监测 (PSG)确诊的OSAS患者和年龄性别相近的正常成年人各 5 3例 ,采用螺旋CT对上呼吸道进行连续扫描 ,测量并比较两组间有关数据。结果 :OSAS组软腭后区、悬雍垂区和舌后区的横截面积均明显小于对照组 ;左右径在所测量的 4个平面中均明显短于对照组 ;而前后径的比较除悬雍垂区以外 ,两组间差异均不明显 ;前后径 /左右径比值在会厌后区差异不显著 ,其余 3个区域差异明显 ;咽后壁的软组织厚度比较软腭后区和悬雍垂区差异明显 ,咽侧壁的软组织厚度比较 ,4个测量平面差异均显著 ,软腭后区咽侧脂肪面积比较差异不显著。结论 :上呼吸道的解剖性狭窄是OSAS的主要发病原因之一 ,造成上呼吸道解剖性狭窄的主要原因是咽侧壁软组织的明显增厚并导致气道左右径的缩短     

甲巯咪唑与抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体阳性血管炎的关系

目的 研究抗甲状腺药物甲巯咪唑(MMI)与抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(ANCA)阳性血管炎的关系.方法 对33例Graves病患儿在服药前及服药后检测血ANCA.同时对我院近年来诊治的2例毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿(Graves病)患儿在服用MMI期间出现ANCA阳性血管炎进行临床病理分析.结果 2例患儿在服用MMI第5～6年出现抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体阳性血管炎,临床出现血尿、肾功能减退,肾活检示肾血管炎改变,急性肾血管坏死伴新月体形成.经免疫抑制剂等治疗临床缓解;33例Graves病患儿服药前血ANCA均为阴性.有3例患儿分别在服用MMI第2、3个月及2年时出现ANCA阳性,阳性率9%(3/33).临床出现镜下血尿,服药后ANCA阳性率高于服药前(x2=5.3,P<0.05).3例患儿经对症治疗后镜下血尿消失,血ANCA复查转阴性.结论 MMI与ANCA阳性血管炎可能有关,可产生从轻到重的肾脏受累临床表现,采用不同的治疗方法可使症状消失.     

Feasibility of sentinel lymph node biopsy omission after integration of 18F-FDG dedicated lymph node PET in early breast cancer:a prospective phase Ⅱ trial

Objective:Sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB) is currently the standard of care in clinically node negative(cN0) breast cancer.The present study aimed to evaluate the negative predictive value(NPV) of ¹⁸F-FDG dedicated lymph node positron emission tomography(LymphPET) in cN0 patients.Methods:This was a prospective phase II trial divided into 2 stages(NCT04072653).In the first stage,cN0 patients underwent axillary LymphPET followed by SLNB.In the second stage,SLNB was omitted in patients ...     

增强型绿色荧光蛋白原核表达载体的构建及表达

目的 构建以增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)为标记的原核表达栽体,并观察EGFP基因在大肠杆菌中的表达情况.方法 据已知的EGFP基因序列,设计引物,并引入Nde Ⅰ和Xho Ⅰ酶切位点.采用PCR技术从含有EGFP的质粒pEGFP-C1中克隆EGFP编码序列;将其亚克隆入表达载体pTWIN1,得到以EGFP为标记的原核表达载体pTWIN-EGFP.转化大肠杆菌ER2566菌株,IPTG诱导EGFP基因表达.结果 经过IPTG诱导后,细菌培养物在长波紫外线的照射下,发出明亮的绿色荧光.结论 成功构建了原核表达载体pTWIN-EGFP,为应用EGFP作为报告基因和筛选标记奠定了实验基础.     

胸腰椎不稳定骨折前后路短节段内固定有限元生物力学研究

目的通过建立前、后路内固定模型,比较前、后路固定后的力学稳定关系,指导临床选择前路或后路固定。方法分别建立胸腰椎三维有限元力学模型和前、后路固定器械模型及L1骨折模型,分别加载,对不同固定组的L1前柱、中柱、前中柱骨折的应力进行比较。结果①椎体前柱损伤的工况下,前路固定组的L1平面的Mises stress小于后路固定;②椎体前中柱共同损伤的工况下,前路固定组也优于后路固定组。结论胸腰椎前柱与前中柱不稳定骨折损伤,前路固定都优于后路。     

中医第五诊--黄帝内经光变时空诊疗初探

首先,根据古代天文学、历法学和中医学原理,首次提出了光变时空理论,指出在《黄帝内经》中存在着多维的时空结构;其次,进一步分析了建立在光变时空基础上的阴阳观是时空诊疗的前提,并在此基础上进一步剖析了内经中存在的太阳周年、周日视运动光变时空结构、月亮光变时空结构及五运六气时空结构等与生命活动的内在规律关系,奠定了时空诊疗的基础;然后,提出了在光变时空规律的基础上,借助天干地支时空表达符号,根据患者发病时间和就诊时间开展时空诊疗的途径和方法以及根据时空诊疗确立治疗原则;最后,得出如下结论:中医学是时空医学,中医学经典理论《黄帝内经》中存在着多维的光变时空结构,这种多维的时空结构一直在中医实践活动中应用,应该称之为望闻问切之外的第五诊。在坚定文化自信、积极弘扬中医文化的大背景下,随着现代生物学、时间医学的发展,中医光变时空诊疗作为望闻问切之外的第五诊一定会越来越受到现代人的重视,也一定会在中医学理论中发挥越来越重要的作用。