北京城、郊区儿童哮喘及相关过敏疾患的室内环境因素比较

Objective To study the indoor environmental factors associated with the prevalence of asthma and related allergies among school children.Methods A cluster sampling method was used and the ISAAC questionnaire was conducted.A total of 4612 elementary students under Grade Five of 7 schools were enrolled in the survey for the impact of indoor environmental factors on the prevalence of asthma and related allergies in several urban and suburban schools of Beijing.Results A total of 4060 sample were finally analyzed including 1992 urban and 2068 suburban.The prevalence of wheeze, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and atopic eczema in the past 12 months was 3.1% (61/1992) ,5.3% (106/1992) ,1.1% (22/1992) among urban children while 1.3% (27/2068) ,3.1% (65/2068), 1.0% (22/2068) among suburban children respectively.The prevalence of wheeze and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis of the past 12 months in urban were both significantly higher than that in suburban ( χ2 = 14.77, 11.93, P ＜ 0.01 ).The incidences of having asthma and eczema ever among urban children (5.3% (105/1992) ,29.4% (586/1992))were significantly ( χ2 = 39.03, 147.22, P ＜ 0.01 ) higher than that among suburban ( 1.7% ( 35/2068 ), 13.8%(285/2068)).Atlthough the distributions of indoor environmental factors were similar in both areas, passivesmoking and interior decoration had different influence on the prevalence of asthma and related allergies among school children in the two areas.The significant impact of passive smoking on having asthma ever among suburban children was observed ( OR = 2.70,95% CI = 1.17 - 6.23 ) while no significant result in urban ( OR = 1.06,95% CI = 0.71 - 1.58 ); the percentage of interior decoration was 84.0% ( 1673/1992 )among urban children and 80.0% (1655/2068)among suburban children, there was significant impact of interior decoration on the prevalence of having eczema ever among urban children ( OR = 1.57,95% CI =1.17-2.10) but no significant results were found in suburban sample (OR= 1.06,95% CI =0.76-1.48).Conclusion The prevalence of asthma and related allergies among school children is much higher in urban areas than that in suburban areas and the indoor environmental factors such as passive smoking and interior decoration may differently explain the prevalence of asthma and related allergies in the two areas.     

2005—2009年百色市右江区农村生活饮用水卫生监测结果

目的为掌握百色市右江区农村生活饮用水卫生安全情况,以便于政府制定预防控制因农村饮用水引发的水性疾病流行等卫生安全突发性事件决策提供科学依据。方法按照国家相关标准及要求,进行现场调查和卫生检测。结果右江区农村生活饮用水连续5年共采集262份水样,总合格率为45.42%,各年度水质卫生监测合格率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。影响水质的主要指标是细菌总数、浑浊度、铁、锰等。结论右江区农村生活饮用水水质卫生质量及安全不容乐观,饮水卫生安全是农村饮水工程规范化管理的关健点。     

Gadd45gamma expression is reduced in anaplastic thyroid cancer and its reexpression results in apoptosis

Anaplastic thyroid carcinomas are a highly aggressive and extremely lethal form of human cancer, but the biological characteristics related to their aggressive nature are not understood. Moreover, Gadd45 family proteins have been implicated in a variety of growth-regulatory mechanisms, including DNA replication and repair, G(2)/M checkpoint control, and apoptosis. In this study we found that Gadd45gamma RNA was present at significantly lower levels in anaplastic cancer cells, compared with normal primary cultured thyrocytes. In addition, the adenovirus-mediated reexpression of Gadd45gamma significantly inhibited the proliferation of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells, ARO, FRO, and NPA cells, which was attributed to apoptosis. Furthermore, the adenovirus-mediated delivery of Gadd45gamma gene in anaplastic thyroid cancer resulted in the inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. This in vitro and in vivo activity of the adenovirus-mediated transduction of CR6/Gadd45gamma, on anaplastic thyroid cancer cell growth suppression, was reminiscent of the effects of p53. This study demonstrates that the Gadd45gamma gene has potential use as a candidate gene for gene therapy in anaplastic thyroid cancer.     

Effects of monaural and binaural auditory deprivation on audiogenic seizure susceptibility in mice

Mice of the strain were divided into three groups at 20 ± 1 days of age. One group was deprived binaurally of auditory input by destroying the tympanic membrane bilaterally. A second group was monaurally deprived of auditory input by unilateral tympanic membrane destruction. The third group of control animals was sham-operated and the membranes were left intact. At 27 ± 1 days of age, all three groups of mice were tested behaviorally for audiogenic seizures. On exposure to the loud sound, a majority of the auditory-deprived animals of both operative groups exhibited audiogenic seizure reactions, but none of the sham-operated controls showed seizure behavior. These findings lend support to the hypothesis that induction of seizure susceptibility is a result of auditory deprivation.     

射频消融治疗预激综合征并阵发性心动过速

１８例预激综合征病人，其中隐匿预激３例。１８例中左室后壁４例、左游离壁３例、左后隔旁２例、左室后侧壁６例、右后隔旁２例、右游离壁１例。消融成功１７例，失败１例，放电次数平均１２次，累计能量平均８４００Ｊ，曝光时间平均２７分，本组无并发症发生。     

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in thyroid from positron emission tomogram (PET) for evaluation in cancer patients: high prevalence of malignancy in thyroid PET incidentaloma

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of incidental thyroid F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in positron emission tomogram (PET) scan for evaluation in cancer patients and the role of standard uptake value (SUV) measurement in differentiation of thyroid malignancy from benign disease. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective single-center study. METHODS: Four thousand one hundred thirty-six subjects had been given FDG-PET scan for evaluation of known malignancies not associated with thyroid. The maximum SUVs of the thyroid lesions were recorded and reviewed. Fine needle aspiration was performed in patients with definite nodule by palpation or ultrasonography. RESULTS: Ninety-four (2.2%) were identified to have focal (n = 45, 1.1%) or diffuse (n = 45, 1.1%) thyroid FDG uptake. The incidence of focal or diffuse thyroid FDG uptake was higher in women (2.7% or 1.9%) than in men (0.4% or 0.7%). Cytologic diagnosis was available in 32 of 45 focal thyroid FDG uptakes. In 16 (50%) patients, the tumor was found to be malignant; 14 were papillary thyroid carcinoma (surgically confirmed in 7 cases), 2 were metastatic tumor from breast and esophagus. Sixteen were cytologically diagnosed as follicular cell lesions: follicular neoplasm (n = 2), nodular hyperplasia (n = 7), indeterminate follicular lesion (n = 7). There was no significant difference in maximum SUV between benign and malignant nodules. From 45 patients with diffuse thyroid FDG uptake, presumptive diagnosis of chronic thyroiditis was possible in 34 patients by clinical and laboratory findings. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that a cytologic diagnosis of focal thyroid FDG-PET incidentaloma regardless of SUV is mandatory considering the very high prevalence of thyroid malignancy.     

Protective effect of the SOD/catalase mimetic MnTMPyP on inflammation-mediated dopaminergic neurodegeneration in mesencephalic neuronal-glial cultures

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by activated microglia are deleterious to neurons. In this study, we studied the effect of Mn(III)tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)porphyrin (MnTMPyP), a superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic, on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in rat mesencephalic neuroglia cultures. MnTMPyP exhibited a significantly protective effect against LPS (5 ng/ml)-induced neurotoxicity as determined by [3H]dopamine uptake and immunocytochemical analysis. MnTMPyP significantly attenuated LPS-induced production of superoxide free radical and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in microglia. These results indicate that MnTMPyP may potentially be used for the treatment of inflammation-related degenerative neurological disorders.     

三种免疫抑制剂及氢化可的松与Zn~(2+)、Mg~(2+)Ge-132交互作用时对白细胞吞噬功能的影响

目的：研究氢化可的松、氟美松、羟基脲三种免疫抑制剂对白细胞吞噬活性的直接影响：Ｚｎ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋Ｇｅ－１３２对氢化可的松的拮抗作用。方法：采用改良的人全血化学发光法测定，①三种免疫抑制剂按不同剂量加入测定血中时白细胞的化学发光值，②Ｇｅ－１３２中的Ｇｅ及Ｚｎ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋相当于血浆浓度中Ｇｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｚｎ元素含量的１０倍加５μｇ氢化可的松时白细胞化学发光值。结果：①氢化可的松、羟基脲对白细胞吞噬活性具有直接抑制作用，而氟美松对白细胞吞噬活性在低浓度时具有增强及在高浓度时具有抑制的双效作用；②Ｚｎ２＋使氢化可的松对白细胞吞噬活性的抑制作用加强，而Ｍｇ２＋具有拮抗氢化可的松的抑制作用，有机锗（Ｇｅ－１３２）不影响氢化可的松的抑制作用。结论：①为三种免疫抑制剂量大小与抑制白细胞吞噬功能提供定量关系参考，②为金属元素对免疫抑制剂的拮抗作用提供参考依据     

Rotundifolinol, a new 1,3-diarylpropan-2-ol from bark of Litsea rotundifolia var. oblongifolia

A new 1,3-diarylpropan-2-ol, named rotundifolinol (1), has been isolated from the bark of Litsea rotundifolia var. oblongifolia. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison with related compounds.