The variation of cancellous bones at lumbar vertebra,femoral neck,mandibular angle and rib in ovariectomized sheep

This study aimed to compare the variation of cancellous bones at four skeletal sites: lumbar vertebra, femoral neck, mandibular angle and rib in ovariectomized sheep. Sixteen adult sheep were randomly divided into two groups: eight sheep were ovariectomized served as experimental group; the other eight untreated sheep were served as control group. Bone mineral density was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry on lumbar vertebrae at baseline and twelve months after ovariectomy. After 12 months, lumbar vertebrae L3 and L4, femoral necks, mandibular angles and the fourth ribs were harvested for micro-CT scanning, histological analysis and biomechanical test. The results showed that bone mineral density of lumbar vertebra decreased significantly in twelfth month (p < 0.05). The results of micro-CT showed that the bone volume/total volume decreased by 45.6%, 36.1% 21.3% and 18.7% in lumbar vertebrae, femoral necks, mandibular angles and ribs in experimental group (p < 0.05) respectively. The trabecular number showed the same downtrend (p < 0.05). Histological analysis showed trabecular area/tissue area decreased by 32.1%, 23.2% and 20.7% in lumbar vertebrae, femoral necks and mandibular angles respectively (p < 0.05), but no significant difference in ribs. Specimens elastic modulus from lumbar vertebra, femoral neck and mandibular angle were 952 ± 76 MPa (628 ± 70 MPa), 961 ± 173 MPa (610 ± 72 MPa) and 595 ± 60 MPa (444 ± 31 MPa) in control group (experimental group) respectively. These datum indicated that the sensibility of cancellous bones to oestrogen deficiency in ovariectomized sheep was site-specific on a pattern as follows: lumbar vertebra, femoral neck, mandibular angle and rib.     

血清唾液酸水平与X综合征患者卒中的关系

为了观察Ｘ综合征患者的血清唾液酸水平及其与卒中的关系，对按年龄、性别、糖尿病病程和血ＨｂＡｌｃ水平配对的２１例有卒中史及２１例无卒中史的有Ｘ综合征的ＮＩＤＤＭ病人、２１例单纯ＮＩＤＤＭ病人和２１例正常人进行研究分析。结果发现，所有ＮＩＤＤＭ病人的血清唾液酸水平均显著增高（Ｐ〈０．０１或Ｐ〈０．００５）；其中，有Ｘ综合征的病人的血清唾液酸水平显著高于单纯ＮＩＤＤＭ病人（Ｐ〈０．０１）；而在有Ｘ综合征     

Diagnosis of solid breast lesions by elastography 5-point score and strain ratio method

Purpose

To compare the diagnostic performance of 5-point scoring system and strain ratio by sonoelastography in the assessment of solid breast lesions.

Material and methods

One hundred and eighty-seven solid masses in 155 patients were scanned by two-dimensional ultrasonography and sonoelastography. Elasticity scores were determined with a 5-point scoring method, and the strain ratio was based on the comparison of the average strain measured in the lesion with the adjacent breast tissue in the same depth. Pathological results were taken as gold standards to compare the diagnostic efficacy of two methods with clinical diagnostic test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results

Among 187 lesions, 130 were benign and 57 were malignant. The mean scores (1.62 ± 0.69 vs 4.07 ± 0.26, P < 0.05) and strain ratios (2.06 ± 1.27 vs 6.66 ± 4.62, P < 0.05) were significantly higher of malignant than benign lesions. The area under the curve for the 5-point scoring system and for strain ratio-based elastographic analysis was 0.892 and 0.909, respectively (P > 0.05). For 5-point scoring, sonoelastography had 84.2% sensitivity, 84.6% specificity, 84.5% accuracy, 70.6% positive predictive value and 92.4% negative predictive value. When a cutoff point of 3.06 was used, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values were 87.7%, 88.5%, 88.2%, 76.9% and 94.3%, respectively for the strain ratio (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

The 5-point scoring system and strain ratio has similar diagnostic performance, and the strain ratio could be more objective to differentiate the masses when those masses were difficult to be judged by using 5-point scoring system in sonoelastographic images.     

急诊科急救药品管理登记簿的临床应用

随着人们物质需求和生活质量的不断提高，国家对法制化建设也更加重视和完善。在药品有效期的管理上，1985年7月1日施行的原《药品管理法》中对产品时间规定了注明“产品批号”；2001年12月1日起施行的新修订的《药品管理法》中在此基础上又做出了明确的增补性修订，规定药品标签或说明书上必须注明产品批号、生产日期、有效期等内容。这就说明识别药品的有效期、失效期对保证消费者用药的安全有效至关重要。但在急救工作中发现，急救药品的取用需要更为有效的方案，来保证取用及时、如数补齐，避免使用失效药品。我们在急诊护理工作中实行了急救药品管理登记簿制度，有效地减少了差错事故的发生，保证了用药安全。现将使用情况介绍如下。     

Aberrant LRP16 protein expression in primary neuroendocrine lung tumors

Background: The Leukemia related protein 16 gene (LRP16) localized on chromosome 11q12.1, is an important estrogen-responsive gene and a crucial regulator for NF-kB activation. LRP16 is frequently expressed in human cancers; however, the LRP16 gene remains unexplored in lung neuroendocrine tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of LRP16 expression in primary lung neuroendocrine tumors. Methods: lung neuroendocrine tumors were analyzed for LRP16 gene expression by two-step non-biotin immunohistochemical method. Results: Fifty of ninety (55.6%) cases of neuroendocrine lung tumors tested were positive for LRP16 protein by immunohistochemistry. The expression of LRP16 was mainly located in cytoplasm and nucleus of tumor cells. LRP16 protein was corresponding to tumor type and clinical stage, as well as survival time. Conclusions: The results indicate that abnormal LRP16 expression is noted in neuroendocrine lung tumors and the expression can give insight into the pathogenesis of the disease. The LRP16 protein may serve as a potential marker in predicting prognosis of neuroendocrine lung tumors.     

鞍区非垂体瘤病变的临床研究

目的探讨鞍区非垂体瘤病变的临床诊治特征。方法回顾性分析156例鞍区非垂体瘤病变的临床资料,囊性病变86例、炎性病变4例、良性肿瘤56例和恶性肿瘤10例。临床表现以头痛(50.6%)和视野缺损(41.7%)最常见,内分泌改变以皮质醇增高(32.7%)和泌乳素增高(20.5%)最常见。均行手术治疗。结果术后新发一过性尿崩13例,电解质紊乱8例,垂体功能改变3例。术后头痛与视觉症状缓解率分别为84%和73%,皮质醇增高和泌乳素增高缓解率分别为100%和77%。平均随访35个月,总体复发率为8.2%(13/156),病死率为0.6%(1/156)。结论鞍区非垂体瘤病变,术前鉴别诊断较困难,有一定误诊率。治疗手段以手术治疗为主,术后症状缓解明显,并发症少;术后复发率低,预后好。     

牙科涂层材料对牙齿结构的保护与强化作用研究进展

目的探讨"多合一"粘接技术所制备的薄膜涂层材料在保护牙本质免受物理、化学、生物刺激方面的作用。方法通过梳理有关牙科涂层材料研究的文献,介绍牙科涂层材料及其临床应用研究进展。结果与结论间接修复术中牙体预备完毕后,用树脂涂层封闭暴露牙本质可作为一种保护牙齿结构的手段。牙体预备后和取模前,应立即在切面上涂抹牙本质粘接剂和流动性树脂复合物结合的树脂层。该涂层既能将其对牙髓的刺激作用降到最低,又能改善树脂粘固粉和牙体之间的粘接强度。"多合一粘"接材料在保护暴露牙根部的牙本质和预防龋齿形成方面具有很大潜力,值得深入研究。     

血管封堵器在心导管术后的应用

血管封堵器被广泛应用于心导管术后股动脉穿刺部位止血。与传统的手工压迫止血相比 ,血管封堵器止血更安全有效 ,缩短患者卧床时间。本文比较了几种不同类型的血管封堵器的特点 ,供临床参考。     

Dietary Bioactives: Establishing a Scientific Framework for Recommended Intakes

In the United States, dietary reference intakes describe the relations between nutrient intakes and indicators of adequacy, prevention of disease, and avoidance of excessive intakes among healthy populations for essential nutrients but not dietary bioactive components (DBCs), whose absence from the diet is presumably not deleterious to health (i.e., does not cause a deficiency syndrome). An appropriate framework is needed for establishing recommended intakes for which public health messages and food labeling for DBCs can be derived, because their putative health benefits may not be readily defined in the context of nutritional essentiality. In addition, a myriad of factors make determining their intake and status and investigating their discrete contributions to health particularly challenging. Therefore, the ASN Dietary Bioactive Components Research Interest Section felt it worthwhile to convene a special “hot topic” session at the 2014 Experimental Biology meeting to discuss this issue and serve as a call for future scientific dialogue on establishing a framework for recommended intakes of DBCs. This session summary captures the discussions and presentations that transpired during this session.