抗菌素粉针剂无菌检查的最佳冲洗量及冲洗方法的实验研究

目的:对中国药典2000年版(二部)的抗菌素粉针剂,进行薄膜过滤无菌检查法最佳冲洗量和冲洗方法的实验研究.方法:观察各种规格粉针剂在不同冲洗条件下,阳性菌生长情况.选择适合抗菌素粉针剂无菌检查的冲洗量和冲洗方法.结论:抗菌素粉针剂每支用50～100ml溶剂量溶解,以1000ml的总冲洗量分5次振摇冲洗,为最佳冲洗方法,且具有实际指导意义.     

The new life of traditional water treatment flocculant polyaluminum chloride (PAC): a green and efficient micro–nano reactor catalyst in alcohol solvents

Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) is an inorganic polymer material that has the advantages of a simple preparation process and special electronic structure. It is considered to be the most efficient and widely used flocculation material for water treatment. In this work, PAC has been used as a Lewis acid catalyst in interdisciplinary fields because of its polynuclear Al–O cation structure. Further, its catalytic mechanism in green organic synthesis has been studied in detail by using the multicomponent Biginelli reaction as the probe. The effect of solvent on the self-assembly and aggregation process of PAC materials was investigated using optical microscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, particle size analysis, XPS, IR, SEM and HR-TEM. The results show that the PAC materials have different morphological characteristics in different solvents. The Al–O–Al cations were transformed in the ethanol solvent to form new multi-nuclear cation aggregates Al_b, which could be used as inorganic micro–nano reactors with unique synergistic catalysis in catalytic reactions. This is the first time the role of PAC in the Biginelli reaction has been analyzed with a liquid in situ infrared instrument, which provided favorable evidence for the speculated reaction mechanism. The PAC–ethanol system is, therefore, considered to be a green, efficient (best yield >99%), economic and recyclable catalyst for catalyzing organic synthesis reactions. The development and utilization of PAC materials in organic synthesis will bring new vitality to this cheap material, which is widely used in industries.

The polyaluminum chloride–ethanol micro–nano reactor is a green, efficient, easy-to-handle and economical catalyst for catalyzing organic synthesis reactions.     

Effect of route of administration on the efficacy of dendritic cell vaccine in PDAC mice

It is unknown whether the route of administration impacts dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We compared the effect of intraperitoneal (i.p.), subcutaneous (s.c.), and intratumoral (i.t.) administration of DC vaccine on induction of antitumor responses in a KPC mouse model of PDAC. Histological analysis and flow cytometry were used to evaluate tumor progression and antitumor immunity after different routes of DC vaccination. Using a flank mouse model of PDAC, we found that the i.t. route of DC vaccination had no significant effect on tumor growth rates compared with i.p. and s.c. routes (i.p. 6.66 ± 2.58% vs s.c. 6.79 ± 1.36% vs i.t. 8.57 ± 2.36%; P = 0.33). However, in an orthotopic PDAC model, i.p. injection of DC vaccine effectively suppressed tumor growth, inhibited tumor progression, and increased antitumor immunity compared with s.c. vaccination (tumor weight: i.p. 71.60 ± 15.55 mg vs control 200.40 ± 53.04 mg; P = 0.048; s.c. 151.40 ± 41.64 mg vs control 200.40 ± 53.04 mg; P = 0.49). Our study suggests that immunization via an i.p. route results in superior antitumor immune response and tumor suppression when compared with other routes.     

High Temperature Tensile Fracture Behavior of Copper-Containing Austenitic Antibacterial Stainless Steel

The mechanical properties and deformation microstructure of cast 304 Cu-containing austenitic stainless steel at 10⁻³/s strain rate in the range of 700~1200 °C were studied by Gleeble thermal simulator, metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the thermoplasticity of 304 Cu-containing austenitic stainless steel was higher than 60% when the temperature was higher than 1000 °C, and the tensile strength as a whole decreased with the increase in temperature. During the tensile process, the morphology and content of ferrite in the test steel were the main factors affecting the high-temperature thermoplastic of the billet. The inclusions near the fracture and the existence of ferrite at the grain boundary greatly affected the formation of microcracks and holes and the fracture.     

高频超声在微针刀治疗腰背部肌筋膜疼痛综合征中的应用研究

目的:观察高频超声在微针刀治疗腰背部肌筋膜疼痛综合征(MPS)中的应用效果.方法:选取74例腰背部MPS患者,按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各37例.对照组采用常规微针刀治疗,观察组在高频超声引导下使用微针刀治疗,2组均隔2天治疗1次,共治疗3次.比较2组临床疗效及治疗前后超声检查结果、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分和...     

社会支持对肝硬化代偿期患者生活质量的影响

目的探讨社会支持对肝硬化失代偿期患者生活质量的影响。方法应用社会支持评定量表和生活质量自评量表，调查30例正常人及50例肝硬化失代偿期患者的社会支持及生活质量，分析患者的社会支持与生活质量的相关性。结桌肝硬化代偿期患者的社会支持低于正常对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。社会支持与肝硬化代偿期患者的生活质量密切相关（r=0．702，P〈0．01）。结论加强社会支持是提高肝硬化失代偿期患者生活质量的重要措施之一。     

眼前段重建术患者围术期护理

对68例行眼前段重建术患者,采取心理护理、相关知识健康教育、积极的术前准备及术后并发症的观察、护理,结果68例(68眼)除4例因原发感染(真菌感染)未能控制而摘除眼球外,余64例术后跟踪观察2年,6例发生眼球萎缩,58例保全了眼球.提示精心的围术期护理是安全实施眼前段重建术的重要保证.     

肝内胆管结石19例手术治疗体会

目的 探讨手术治疗肝内胆管结石.方法 回顾分析19例肝内胆管结石病人手术治疗的临床资料.结果 治愈16例,好转2例,死亡1例,疗效优良率84.2%.结论 肝部分切除加胆肠吻合术治疗肝内胆管结石远期疗效较满意.     

复方尿囊素乳膏中尿囊素的含量测定

目的建立复方尿囊素乳膏中尿囊素的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）法，色谱柱为Zorbax NH2柱，流动相为甲醇-水（80：20），流速为1．0mL／min，检测波长为224nm。结果尿囊素质量浓度线性范围为187．68-938．40μg／mL，r=0．99995，平均回收率为99．90％，RSD=1．92％（n=9）。结论该方法专属性强，结果准确可靠，能很好地控制制剂质量。     

杞贞胶囊对大鼠视网膜节细胞的保护作用

目的通过大鼠视神经夹伤模型,探讨杞贞胶囊对视网膜神经节细胞的保护作用。方法50只大鼠随机分为5组,每组10只,右眼制作视神经夹伤模型。阴性对照组、阳性对照组及低、中、高剂量组分别用生理盐水、4.69%益脉康及低(16.4g生药/100ml)、中(32.8g生药/100ml)、高(65.6g生药/100ml)剂量的杞贞胶囊溶液灌胃给药,每日1次,持续4周。动物安死术前5d逆行标记节细胞,用彩色颗粒分析软件计数节细胞。结果阴性对照组、阳性对照组和低、中、高剂量组节细胞平均存活率分别为(40.88±12.50)%、(59.34±9.19)%、(52.66±12.52)%、(59.39±7.45)%和(63.00±8.95)%。阴性对照组与低剂量组之间差异具有显著性(P=0.014),阴性对照组与阳性对照组、中、高剂量组之间差异有非常显著性(P<0.01)。结论杞贞胶囊能有效地保护视网膜神经节细胞,随着给药剂量的增加,作用逐渐增强。益脉康也具有视网膜神经节细胞保护作用。