An In‐House Prevocational Training Program for Newly Discharged Psychiatric Inpatients: Exploring Its Employment Outcomes and the Predictive Factors

Individuals with severe mental disorders continue to experience low employment rates. Occupational therapists play an important role in helping these individuals develop the skills and obtain the supports necessary for productive living. This retrospective cohort study aimed to explore employment outcomes and identify factors predictive of the outcomes of an in‐house prevocational training program designed for newly discharged psychiatric inpatients. Data retrieved from the files of 58 participants including demographics, diagnostic history, physical fitness, functional assessment results, the use of vocational counselling service and employment status were analyzed. The overall employment rates among the participants were high (67.2–79.3%) within the 6 months following the prevocational training program. No significant differences were found in the employment rates across the 1, 3 and 6‐month time periods post‐training. Vocational counselling service post‐training and hand function were two factors predictive of participants' employment outcomes. Occupational therapists should attend to the clients' need for continuous vocational support and carefully identify the personal, functional and environmental factors contributing to successful employment. Caution in interpreting the results is warranted because of the lack of control and randomization in this retrospective study. Additional longitudinal cohort or experimental studies would add further certainty to the current findings. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

利用 RNAi阻抑 hTERT 和Bi-1双基因表达的RNAi作用效果的研究

目的：利用LipofectamineTM2000将针对靶向人类端粒酶末端逆转录酶（hTERT）和Bax inhibitor‐1（Bi‐1）基因设计并构建的质粒载体转染至CNE‐2Z鼻咽癌细胞内,诱导序列特异性的基因沉默,研究其产生的shRNA阻抑hTERT 和Bi‐1基因表达的效果。方法收集CNE‐2Z细胞,设未处理组、pEGFP‐N1组、pEGFP‐N1／Lip组,采用流式细胞术检测Lip对CNE‐2Z细胞的转染能力,RT‐PCR和Western blot法分析表达shRNA重组质粒载体对hTERT和Bi‐1基因mRNA表达的抑制效应。结果转染CNE‐2Z细胞的质粒和Lip最佳组合：质粒为2．5μg ,Lip为6．25μL。结论成功构建的针对人hTERT和Bi‐1基因的shRNA真核表达质粒能特异、有效地阻抑hTERT和Bi‐1基因的表达。     

针药并用治疗45例湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性患者的临床体会

目的:观察针药结合治疗年龄相关性黄斑变性患者的临床疗效。方法:符合纳入标准的45例(69只眼)病例,随机分成对照组22例(34只眼)和治疗组23例(36只眼)。观察比较两组病例治疗前后患眼视力、眼底的改变,眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)、视野及Amsler的变化。结果:治疗后上述指标的改善情况,治疗组优于对照组(P0.01),尤其是视力明显改善。结论:从湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性的病因病机入手,采用针药结合的方法取得较好的临床疗效,值得进一步深入研究并推广利用。     

The Association between Point-of-Sale Advertising Bans and Youth Experimental Smoking: Findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS)

Background and Objectives: while existing research has demonstrated a positive association between exposure to point-of-sale (POS) tobacco advertising and youth smoking, there is limited evidence on the relationship between POS advertising restrictions and experimental smoking among youth. This study aims to fill this research gap by analyzing the association between POS advertising bans and youths'' experimental smoking. Methods: Global Youth Tobacco Surveys from 130 countries during 2007–2011 were linked to the WHO “MPOWER” tobacco control policy measures to analyze the association between POS advertising bans (a dichotomous measure of the existence of such bans) and experimental smoking using weighted logistic regressions. All analyses were clustered at the country level and controlled for age, parents'' smoking status, GDP per capita, and country-level tobacco control scores in monitoring tobacco use, protecting people from smoke, offering help to quit, warning about the dangers of tobacco, enforcing promotion/advertising bans, and raising taxes on tobacco. Results: The results suggest that a POS advertising ban is significantly associated with reduced experimental smoking among youth (OR = 0.63, p < 0.01), and that this association is seen for both genders (boys OR = 0.74, p < 0.1; girls OR = 0.52, p < 0.001). Conclusions: POS advertising bans are significantly associated with reduced experimental smoking among youth. Adopting POS advertising bans has the potential to reduce tobacco use among their youth in countries currently without such bans.     

藤草煎治疗脑出血卒中后抑郁39例临床观察

目的探讨藤草煎治疗脑出血后抑郁的疗效。方法选取脑出血合并抑郁患者72例,随机分为对照组和治疗组,对照组给予氟哌噻吨美利曲辛治疗,治疗组给予藤草煎汤剂口服,分别于入选时、治疗3个月时采用神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)进行评价。结果治疗3个月时2组患者NIHSS评分和HAMD评分与治疗前比较均明显降低(P<0.05);治疗组NIHSS评分优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),HAMD评分与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论藤草煎治疗脑出血后抑郁具有明显的临床疗效。     

Interlayer coupling and the phase transition mechanism of stacked MoS2/TaS2 heterostructures discovered using temperature dependent Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy

Ultrathin 1T (tetragonal)-TaS₂ and monolayer MoS₂ heterostructures were prepared to study their phase transition (PT) mechanisms and band structure modulation. The temperature dependency of photoluminescence (PL) and Raman spectra was utilized to study interlayer coupling and band structure. The PL results indicate that the band structure of MoS₂/TaS₂ heterostructures undergoes a sharp change at 214 K. This is attributed to the PT of 1T-TaS₂ from a Mott insulator state to a metastable state. In addition, the temperature dependency of the MoS₂/TaS₂ Raman spectra illustrates that the phonon vibration of the heterojunction is softened due to the effect of interlayer coupling. The present work could provide an avenue to create material systems with abundant functionalities and physical effects.

The important interlayer coupling of the MoS₂–TaS₂ heterostructure and the phase transition mechanism of ultrathin 1T-TaS₂ are described.     

Axinella属海绵化学成分与生物活性研究进展

系统综述了海绵Axinella属的生物碱、三萜、甾体等化学成分,及其抗肿瘤、抗菌、神经保护等生物活性的研究进展,为该属海绵的深入研究提供有用资料。     

The Angiopoietin-like protein 4: a promising biomarker to distinguish brucella spondylitis from tuberculous spondylitis

Clinical Rheumatology - The Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL-4) has been proved to be a protein associated with multiple inflammatory responses. Nevertheless, whether it contributes to...