Quantitative chemical exchange saturation transfer (qCEST) MRI – omega plot analysis of RF‐spillover‐corrected inverse CEST ratio asymmetry for simultaneous determination of labile proton ratio and exchange rate

Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is sensitive to labile proton concentration and exchange rate, thus allowing measurement of dilute CEST agent and microenvironmental properties. However, CEST measurement depends not only on the CEST agent properties but also on the experimental conditions. Quantitative CEST (qCEST) analysis has been proposed to address the limitation of the commonly used simplistic CEST‐weighted calculation. Recent research has shown that the concomitant direct RF saturation (spillover) effect can be corrected using an inverse CEST ratio calculation. We postulated that a simplified qCEST analysis is feasible with omega plot analysis of the inverse CEST asymmetry calculation. Specifically, simulations showed that the numerically derived labile proton ratio and exchange rate were in good agreement with input values. In addition, the qCEST analysis was confirmed experimentally in a phantom with concurrent variation in CEST agent concentration and pH. Also, we demonstrated that the derived labile proton ratio increased linearly with creatine concentration (P < 0.01) while the pH‐dependent exchange rate followed a dominantly base‐catalyzed exchange relationship (P < 0.01). In summary, our study verified that a simplified qCEST analysis can simultaneously determine labile proton ratio and exchange rate in a relatively complex in vitro CEST system. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

a-1, 2岩藻糖基转移酶II在肺鳞癌组织中的表达及对肺鳞癌细胞增殖的影响

目的：探讨a-1，2岩藻糖基转移酶II（FUT2）在肺鳞癌中的表达情况及其对肺鳞癌细胞增殖的影响。方法：应用UALCAN数据库分析FUT2在临床肺鳞癌患者组织中的差异表达及其与肺鳞癌患者临床TNM分期、年龄及性别因素的相关性；采用瞬时转染技术，将FUT2的shRNA质粒转染进H226细胞株中构建FUT2低表达的肺鳞癌细胞模型；利用CCK-8、平板克隆及Western blot实验检测FUT2对肺鳞癌细胞的生长、单克隆细胞团形成及PCNA蛋白表达的影响。结果：FUT2在肺鳞癌尤其是肺鳞癌TNM早中期呈现高表达趋势（P＜0.05），而与年龄和性别无关。低表达FUT2可以抑制肺鳞癌细胞的生长速率和单克隆细胞团的形成数，同时，可以抑制肺鳞癌细胞PCNA蛋白的表达水平，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：FUT2在肺鳞癌中高表达且促进肺鳞癌细胞的增殖能力，有望成为肺鳞癌的早期诊断指标。     

水针疗法联合清热祛毒汤治疗寻常型银屑病(血热证)的疗效及其作用机制分析

目的观察分析水针疗法联合清热祛毒汤治疗寻常型银屑病(血热证)的疗效及其作用机制。方法选择2018年8月—2019年7月在我院接收治疗的112例寻常型银屑病患者作为分析对象,采取随机分组的办法将其分为对照组56例和研究组56例,对照组患者采取水针疗法治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上联合清热祛毒汤治疗。比较分析2组患者的疗效;治疗前后的中医证候评分、皮肤病生活质量指数(DLQI)评分;治疗前后皮损面积、浸润、鳞屑、红斑等评分;治疗前后肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平变化情况。结果研究组患者治疗总有效率89.29%明显高于对照组73.21%(P<0.05);治疗前,2组患者的中医证候评分、DLQI评分、皮损面积、浸润、鳞屑、红斑等评分及TNF-α、IL-6、VEGF等水平比较(P>0.05);研究组患者治疗后的中医证候评分与DLQI评分明显低于治疗前(P<0.05);研究组患者治疗后的皮损面积、浸润、鳞屑、红斑等评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组患者治疗后的TNF-α、IL-6、VEGF等水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对寻常型银屑病患者采取水针疗法联合清热祛毒汤治疗的疗效显著,能有效改善中医证候表现,提高生活质量,减轻皮损程度,降低炎症反应,其作用机制可能与炎症因子水平、皮损血管增生相关。     

Role of macrophages in peripheral nerve injury and repair

Resident and inflammatory macrophages are essential effectors of the innate immune system. These cells provide innate immune defenses and regulate tissue and organ homeostasis. In addition to their roles in diseases such as cancer, obesity and osteoarthritis, they play vital roles in tissue repair and disease rehabilitation. Macrophages and other inflammatory cells are recruited to tissue injury sites where they promote changes in the microenvironment. Among the inflammatory cell types, only macrophages have both pro-inflammatory(M1) and anti-inflammatory(M2) actions, and M2 macrophages have four subtypes. The co-action of M1 and M2 subtypes can create a favorable microenvironment, releasing cytokines for damaged tissue repair. In this review, we discuss the activation of macrophages and their roles in severe peripheral nerve injury. We also describe the therapeutic potential of macrophages in nerve tissue engineering treatment and highlight approaches for enhancing M2 cell-mediated nerve repair and regeneration.     

2014—2018年黄山市淋病疫情流行特征分析

目的分析2014-2018年黄山市淋病的流行特征,为全市的淋病防控工作提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集黄山市2014—2018年的淋病数据、人口数据,进行统计分析。结果2014—2018年黄山市累计报告淋病病例761例,年均发病率为11.09/10万,年均增长率为29.14%,发病率呈逐年上升趋势(χ^2趋势=112.29,P<0.05)。淋病的人群分布中,男女报告病例数之比为13.63:1,男女发病率有统计学差异(χ^2=113.18,P<0.05);15~49岁年龄组病例数最多,占85.94%,职业以农民最多,占44.81%;以屯溪区、歙县报告病例数较多,分别占37.45%、23.26%。结论2014—2018年黄山市淋病发病率呈上升趋势,淋病防控形势严峻,需进一步完善各项防控措施。     

经皮电刺激联合导乐镇痛对分娩结局的影响及安全性分析

目的 探讨经皮电刺激联合导乐分娩镇痛对分娩结局的影响及安全性。方法 选择160例在我院住院待产的产妇作为研究对象,随机将其分为观察组与对照组,每组各80例;其中对照组予导乐分娩镇痛,观察组给予经皮电刺激联合导乐分娩镇痛。观察比较两组的VAS评分、产程时间、产后出血、剖宫产率、产妇满意度、新生儿情况、不良反应发生情况等。结果 与镇痛前比较,观察组镇痛后各时间段VAS评分降低,P＜0.05;与对照组比较,观察组的产后2 h出血量、剖宫产率降低,产妇满意度提高,P＜0.05。结论 经皮电刺激联合导乐镇痛可减轻产妇痛苦,降低剖宫产率,减少产后出血,提高产妇满意度,且无明显不良反应,值得在临床上推广应用。