北京市东城区和平里社区居民慢性病防治探讨

为探索慢性病的防治方法，我们于１９８９￣１９９４年社区居民中开展了以高血压为主的循环系统慢性病防治课题，经过５年的干预，观察组与对照组居民及接受管理的高血压病人在减少吸烟，饮酒，控制食盐摄入，掌握慢性病防治知识等方面有显著性差异，取得了满意的结果，从而为今后全面开展慢性病防治积累了经验。     

噻吗洛尔与普萘洛尔治疗高血压病与心绞痛的疗效比较

劳累性心绞痛38例采用噻吗洛尔2.5-5mg, tid,共4wk;另12例采用普萘洛尔10-20mg, tid,共4wk。结果:前者显效率为79％,显著高于后者42％(P<0.05)。高血压病(Ⅰ,Ⅱ期)37例采用噻吗洛尔治疗,方法同上;另13例采用普萘洛尔20-40mg, tid,疗程亦4wk。结果:2组均有显著降压疗效(P<0.01),噻吗洛尔治疗后1h即获显效,普萘洛尔须24h才获显效。噻吗洛尔7％(5/75)、普萘洛尔4％(1/25)治疗后发生窦性心动过缓,前者被迫停药,后者未停药。     

小脑梗塞的CT和MRI诊断价值

目的 分析小脑梗塞CT和MRI表现,探讨CT和MRI对小脑梗塞的诊断价值。方法对18例小脑梗塞的CT和MRI图像进行回顾分析。结果CT和MRI不同程度显示了小脑梗塞的影像学改变,各有其特点,且与病程长短和病灶大小有关。结论MRI的影像学价值较CT更胜一筹。     

大白鼠肾上腺的血管构筑

本实验采用血管铸型扫描电镜,注射明胶卡红组织切片显微镜下观察和注射铅丹乳胶追踪血管来源三种方法对14只健康大白鼠肾上腺血管构筑进行了研究。大白鼠肾上腺动脉发自腹主动脉和肾动脉。它们在行程中发出分支至腺体表面,再次分支穿入囊内,逐级分支至毛细血管。皮质动脉发自囊内血管,它们在皮质中分支分布。球状带的毛细血管与囊的毛细血管相连,毛细血管在球状带围绕细胞团形成网眼状;在束状带呈放射状排列;在网状带吻合增多形成网状。髓质动脉亦发自囊的血管,它们在皮质中不发分支直抵髓质,在髓质分成毛细血管。网状带的毛细血管越向髓质口径越粗,它们在皮髓交界处互相吻合形成更粗的静脉,这些静脉逐级吻合,最后形成一主干——中央静脉,它穿出皮质出现于肾上腺门处。左侧的中央静脉注入在肾静脉,右侧的注入下腔静脉。     

甘利欣联合654-2治疗慢性乙型肝炎60例疗效观察

目的观察甘利欣联合654-2治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效。方法采用甘利欣联合654-2治疗慢性乙型肝炎患者60例。治疗4w和8w时,分别观察临床症状、体征及肝功能(包括ALT和TB)的变化。结果ALT、TB恢复程度以治疗组为高,与对照组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。采用甘利欣联合654-2治疗8w后,总有效率为96.6%。结论甘利欣联合654-2治疗慢性乙型肝炎的治疗较疗效满意。     

宣肺清热颗粒剂稳定性研究

目的:研究宣肺清热颗粒剂中橙皮甙热稳定性变化,为该颗粒剂有效期的确定、制剂生产、贮存条什提供实验参考依据。方法:采用加速实验法对橙皮甙热稳定性进行研究,用甲醇超声提取样品,HPLC进行含量测定。根据Arrhenius公式处理数据。结果:Arrhenius公式得室温下的速度常数K298=3.38×10-5/h,得出常温下该颗粒剂以橙皮甙为指标的有效期为3.6年。结论:宣肺清热颗粒剂稳定性好,初步符合中药稳定性要求。     

组织多肽特异性抗原在乳腺癌中的临床研究

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of serum tissue polypeptide-specific antigen (TPS) in breast cancer patients and its clinical value in such cases. METHODS: Altogether 160 subjects (90 patients with breast cancer, 40 with benign breast lesions, and 30 healthy subjects) were enrolled in this study. The serum TPS and CA153 levels were measured by ELISA in all the subjects. RESULTS: The levels and positivity rate of serum TPS and CA153 in breast cancer group were significantly higher than those in the normal subjects group and benign lesion group (P<0.01), and became even higher as the malignancy progressed. High serum TPS level was detected in the cancer patients in stage I. Serum TPS level was the most sensitive to bone metastasis of the malignancy, but its highest levels occurred in cases of lymphoid node metastasis (P<0.05). In patients who responded favorably to the treatment, serum TPS and CA153 levels were significantly reduced (P<0.05), but the reduction in TPS levels tended to be more obvious (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Serum TPS can be used as a very useful and sensitive tumor marker in the diagnosis of breast cancer, especially in case of bone metastasis, and may be of great value in clinical decision-making and assessment of therapeutic effect.     

Optical Pretargeting of Tumor with Fluorescent MORF Oligomers

Objective Pretargeting with radioactivity has significantly improved tumor to normal tissue radioactivity ratios over conventional antibody imaging in both animal studies and clinical trials. This laboratory is investigating DNA analogues such as phosphorodiamidate morpholinos (MORFs) for pretargeting using technetium-99m (^99mTc) for detection. However, the unique properties of fluorescence activation and quenching combined with oligomers with their unique properties of hybridization may be particularly useful when used together for pretargeting with optical detection. The use of linear fluorophore-conjugated oligomer duplexes have been little used in animals, and to our knowledge, have not previously been considered for pretargeting applications. Methods A MORF/cDNA pair was selected such that when hybridized, the fluorescence of the Cy5.5-conjugated 25 mer MORF (Cy5.5–MORF25) is inhibited with a BHQ3-conjugated 18 mer complementary DNA (BHQ3–cDNA18). The short BHQ3–cDNA18 was selected to dissociate in the presence of a long cMORF25 in the pretargeted tumor, thus releasing the inhibitor from the Cy5.5 emitter. In this manner, the Cy5.5 fluorescence will be inhibited everywhere but in the target. The dissociation was first examined in vitro by adding the duplex to the cMORF25 both in solution and immobilized on polystyrene microspheres and by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Thereafter, biotinylated cMORF25 immobilized on streptavidin polystyrene microspheres were administered intramuscularly in one thigh of hairless SKH-1 mice as target while an identical weight of the identical microspheres but without the cMORF25 was administered in the contralateral thigh as control. The animals then received IV the Cy5.5–MORF25/BHQ3–cDNA18 duplex or equal molar dosage of single-chain Cy5.5–MORF25 and were imaged. Results The SPR studies showed that the immobilized cDNA18 rapidly captured the flowing MORF25 to provide a duplex with a slow dissociation rate constant. Furthermore, when cMORF25 was next allowed to flow over the now immobilized duplex, the cDNA18 was unable to prevent dissociation of the heteroduplex and the formation and release of the cMORF25-MORF25 homoduplex. Images of animals obtained soon after receiving the Cy5.5–MORF25 singlet showed intense whole body fluorescence obscuring the target thigh. However, only 5 minutes after receiving the Cy5.5–MORF25/BHQ3–cDNA18 duplex, the target thigh was clearly visible along with only the kidneys. Conclusions This first study of optical pretargeting provides a proof of concept that oligomer pretargeting found to be useful with radioactivity detection is applicable with fluorescent detection as well. In addition, our results demonstrate that by using linear oligomers for optical pretargeting, chain lengths (and base sequences) may be manipulated to provide duplexes with stabilities and fluorescence inhibition optimized for pretargeting and other in vivo applications of optical imaging.     

肾移植2,3,5年患者的免疫抑制用药分析

目的：分析肾移植后免疫抑制剂对长期存活的影响，寻找移植后不同时间合适的免疫抑制用药方案及其用药剂量。 方法：对肾移植一年以上、肾功能正常的４９７例患者进行５年连续随访。根据移植后２、３、５年的不同免疫抑制用药将患者分为三联、二联、传统二联治疗三组。统计各组的排异发生率，排异和无排异患者免疫抑制用药的种类、剂量及ＣｓＡ浓度，对排异患者追踪排异发生前１２个月内的药物更动情况。 结果：肾移植后２、３、５     

Arthritis in a patient with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

Familial hypercholesterolemia is a disorder of lipoprotein metabolism characterized by elevated cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, xanthomas and early onset atherosclerosis. Tendinitis and arthritis have been reported in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. A report is presented of a 9-year-old girl with an acute arthritic attack who was diagnosed as homozygote familial hypercholesterolemia with hypercholesterolemic arthritis.