机械力信号与部分心血管疾病的发生

机械力信号对多种心血管疾病有着重要的调控作用。机械应力可分为拉伸应力和剪切应力,拉伸应力可影响血管中所有类型的细胞,而剪切应力主要影响内皮细胞,它们通过机械传感器的作用引起细胞内化学信号的变化,从而调控各种生命活动。剪切应力可通过调控炎症相关信号通路调节动脉粥样硬化以及冠心病的发生;各种机械应力可通过调控血管内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞增殖,诱导细胞外基质纤维化,从而增加血压,调节肺动脉高压的发生。并通过调控MAPK、JAK/STAT等信号途径从而调节心脏肥大的发生。文章旨在探究机械力信号与部分心血管疾病发生发展的关系,阐明机械力信号诱发这些心血管疾病的分子机制,从而加深对这些心血管疾病发生发展的认识,为其治疗提供更广的思路。     

异基因外周血干细胞移植术后中毒性表皮松解症临床分析

目的总结异基因造血干细胞移植后中毒性表皮松解症(TEN)诊治经验。方法分析3例表现为TEN的造血干细胞移植后急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD)。结果3例TEN均发生于外周血干细胞移植后,表现为皮肤水疱及表皮松解,合并高热、肠炎或肝损害,经给予有效的免疫抑制剂,联合营养支持及相应护理措施,皮损均消退。结论TEN是皮肤GVHD最严重的类型,需采用针对aGVHD的免疫抑制为主的综合治疗。     

年轻中晚期宫颈癌患者放疗前卵巢移位研究

卵巢移位术是保留卵巢功能最常用的方法,且在早期(FIGO IB～ⅡA期)宫颈癌患者中广泛应用.为更好地满足肿瘤患者治疗后提高生活质量的要求,研究年轻中晚期宫颈癌患者放疗前卵巢移位的安全性、有效性,发现中晚期宫颈癌卵巢转移率较低,特别是绝经前ⅡB期宫颈鳞癌患者放疗前行卵巢移位术保留卵巢功能的方法,值得关注,因为其可能为临...     

游离异形股前外侧皮瓣在手外科的临床应用

目的介绍一种一期修复手部不同区域、不同面积皮肤缺损的方法。方法2002年5月~2004年5月,设计不同形状的股前外侧皮瓣和股前外侧分瓣(二者组合为异形股前外侧皮瓣),修复手外科创伤中多发性多部位的皮肤缺损27例,其中男16例,女11例。左手9例,右手16例,左足2例。洞穿伤致手掌、背皮肤缺损5例,热压伤9例,齿轮伤6例,梳毛机伤5例,碾压伤致左足背、足底皮肤缺损2例,均伴有肌腱或骨、关节外露。采用“H”形皮瓣修复手掌贯穿伤5例,“Y”形或“K”形皮瓣修复手掌背伴手指皮肤缺损11例;“”形皮瓣修复手背伴手掌侧方或虎口皮肤缺损3例,足背伴足底皮肤缺损2例,“h”形皮瓣修复手背伴与之不相连的手指皮肤缺损6例。主瓣范围为6.5cm×4.8cm~17.0cm×12.0cm,分瓣为3.5cm×2.8cm~7.5cm×4.5cm。结果术后27例皮瓣全部成活,除1例筋膜瓣以外皮瓣受区伤口均期愈合,无血管危象发生。均获随访3~12个月,外形满意,皮瓣质地柔软。除2例洞穿伤、3例热压伤及1例梳毛机伤患者手功能恢复不理想,其余患者均恢复抓、捏功能,12个月以上患者恢复触、痛觉,两点辨别觉1.4~2.5cm。结论异形股前外侧皮瓣是修复手部复杂皮肤缺损较为理想的方法。     

妇产科住院医师培训的量化考核

目的 为强化妇产科住院医师的培训和管理，提高其综合医学素质。方法 针对住院医师存在的主要弱点，制订培训考核细则，进行量化考核。结果 经过1年的努力，甲级病案率和发表论文的数量明显增加；安全医疗状况有所改善；考核性查房的成绩和优质手术率无明显改善。结论 量化考核比较客观、公正、促进了住院医师综合综合素质的提高。     

艾司洛尔在控制性降压中对氧供需平衡的影响

目的:探讨艾司洛尔在控制性降压中对机体血流动力学及氧供需平衡的影响。方法:42例ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级择期脊椎手术患者,随机分为两组,硝普钠联合应用艾司洛尔行控制性降压组(ESNP组)及单纯应用硝普钠行控制性降压组(SNP组),ESNP组用微量泵分别按0.3-6.0 μg·kg-1·min-1输注硝普钠及250-300μg·kg-1·min-1输注艾司洛尔,控制心率至60-80次/min水平,SNP组用微量泵按0.3-6.0μg·kg-1min-1输注硝普钠。持续监测两组患者降压前后的每搏输出量(SVI)、心输出量(CO)、外周血管阻力(SVR)等血流动力学参数的变化,测定动脉血氧饱和度(SaO2)、静脉血氧饱和度(SvO2)、动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、静脉血氧分压(PvO2)等血气指标的动态变化,计算各时段的氧供、氧耗。结果:降压后ESNP组与SNP组相比较,SVI、CO、SvO2、PvO2明显升高,氧耗(VO2)显著降低,差异有显著性,而两组的氧供差异无显著性。结论:艾司洛尔具有促使心率减慢、心室舒张期延长、心排血量增加,从而导致心脏作功下降、氧耗降低的作用。     

重视皮瓣感觉的测定

手外科专业，在我国仍然是以诊治手部急性创伤为其主要任务，包括断肢（指）再植、指再造、皮瓣及各种组织移植等，使我国在手外伤的修复重建领域处于国际领先水平。统计2004年5月在上海召开的第九届中华医学会手外科学分会全国学术会议文章756篇，其中皮瓣论文150篇，占20．0％；其次是断肢（指）再植130篇，占17．2％。这种情况也反映在手外科、显微外科历届学术会议和手外科、显微外科的专业杂志上。     

基于慢病毒的SHARP-2特异的RNA干扰延长肾移植受者大鼠存活时间

Objective To investigate if rat enhancer of split- and hairy-related protein-2 (SHARP-2) short hairpin RNA interference (shRNAi) prolongs the survival time of rat kidney transplant recipients. Methods Gene recombinant procedures, transfection and co-transfection were carried out to introduce short hairpin RNA interference sequences target for SHARP-2 into 3rd generation self-inactivated lentiviral-ViraPower packaging mix. Limiting dilution method was used for viral titration. Real-time PCR was employed for quantification of gene expression. Rat kidney transplantation was utilized to investigate the effect of SHARP-2 gene silence on the recipient survival. Results A lentiviral-based shRNAi construct LV-SHARP-2iC showed 84% SHARP-2 gene silence efficiency in normal rat kidney cells. At multiplicity of infection 20, 57% T cells could be transfected by lentivirus with spinoculation method. In activated T cells, SHARP-2 g ene silence resulted in 61.3% and 68.7% reduction of intedeukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon γ (IFN-γ) gene expression. When donor kidney was perfused with 5×107 TU LV-SHARP-2iC, the median survival time prolonged for 4-5 days as compared to blank and scramble control groups. Conclusions A recombinant lentivirus LV-SHARP-2iC that effectively silence SHARP-2 gene expression is constructed successfully, leading to the inhibition of IL-2 and IFN-γ. LV-SHARP-2iC treatment can prolong the survival time of rat kidney transplant recipients.     

基于慢病毒的SHARP-2特异的RNA干扰延长肾移植受者大鼠存活时间

Objective To investigate if rat enhancer of split- and hairy-related protein-2 (SHARP-2) short hairpin RNA interference (shRNAi) prolongs the survival time of rat kidney transplant recipients. Methods Gene recombinant procedures, transfection and co-transfection were carried out to introduce short hairpin RNA interference sequences target for SHARP-2 into 3rd generation self-inactivated lentiviral-ViraPower packaging mix. Limiting dilution method was used for viral titration. Real-time PCR was employed for quantification of gene expression. Rat kidney transplantation was utilized to investigate the effect of SHARP-2 gene silence on the recipient survival. Results A lentiviral-based shRNAi construct LV-SHARP-2iC showed 84% SHARP-2 gene silence efficiency in normal rat kidney cells. At multiplicity of infection 20, 57% T cells could be transfected by lentivirus with spinoculation method. In activated T cells, SHARP-2 g ene silence resulted in 61.3% and 68.7% reduction of intedeukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon γ (IFN-γ) gene expression. When donor kidney was perfused with 5×107 TU LV-SHARP-2iC, the median survival time prolonged for 4-5 days as compared to blank and scramble control groups. Conclusions A recombinant lentivirus LV-SHARP-2iC that effectively silence SHARP-2 gene expression is constructed successfully, leading to the inhibition of IL-2 and IFN-γ. LV-SHARP-2iC treatment can prolong the survival time of rat kidney transplant recipients.     

血管球瘤的诊断与治疗

目的 探讨血管球瘤的诊断与治疗。方法 回顾12例血管球瘤的诊治经过和随访记录。结果 12例均行手术切除及病理证实，随访3-35年无复 发（1例35年无复发）。结论 血管球瘤发病原因不明，起病时间不确切，多为女性，非体力劳动，一旦确诊，药物治疗无效，宜手术切除，不易复发。