Empirical change in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents from 2007 to 2011 in Guangzhou,China

There is a strong evidence of an increasing secular trend in obesity in adolescents in most of the world over the past 10 years. However, no studies have been reported on this trend in Guangzhou, one of the most urbanized areas in China. This study assessed the empirical changes in body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of overweight and obesity of adolescents in Guangzhou from 2007 to 2011. The data were derived from the surveys on students’ constitution and health carried out by government in 2007, 2009, and 2011 in Guangzhou. Randomly, 17,157 students in 2007, 26,381 students in 2009, and 36,328 students in 2011, aged 12 to 18, from schools in the four urban districts were examined. Anthropometric parameters were measured in all students. Adiposity status was estimated using BMI according to the Working Group on Obesity in China criteria. The total prevalence of overweight and obesity increased from 8.1 % and 3.1 % in 2007 to 10.0 % and 4.2 % in 2011, respectively (P?<?0.05). However, the total prevalence of obesity decreased significantly from 4.5 % in 2009 to 4.2 % in 2011 (P?<?0.05). The prevalence of overweight and obesity in males was significantly higher than that in females in each year among the 4 years (P?<?0.05). Conclusion: Although the prevalence of adolescent overweight and obesity in Guangzhou in 2011 is still lower than the average values of Chinese large coastal cities, a significant increase was still found in their prevalence from 2007 to 2011. However, the adolescent obesity, but not the overweight prevalence, starts to decrease from 2009 to 2011.     

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??Abstract?? Objective To analyze ALDH3A2 mutation in four Chinese patients with Sjögren-Larsson syndrome ??SLS??. Methods Four patients were clinically diagnosed with SLS. Respectively take 3 ml of peripheral blood. All 11 exons and exon-intron boundaries of ALDH3A2 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction ??PCR?? and directly sequenced for genomic DNA. Results 1. All four patients had congenital ichthyosis?? mental retardation??and spastic diplegia or tetraplegia. Patient 1 had a compound heterozygote??c.1157A??G inherited from her father?? IVS5-1del G inherited from her mother. Both her parents had normal phenotype. Patient 2 and Patient 3 were siblings?? they were both homozygotes??a A-to-G transition at nucleotide 1157 in exon 8. The heterozygosity was demonstrated in their mother. Both her parents had normal phenotype. Conclusion Two different mutations were examined in these 4 Chinese patients?? and the SLS cases were confirmed by ALDH3A2 mutation analysis.     

褪黑素治疗伴有睡眠障碍的肠易激综合征的临床研究

目的:观察褪黑素治疗伴有睡眠障碍的肠易激综合征(IBS)的疗效。方法:IBS伴有睡眠障碍入选标准参照罗马Ⅲ标准及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI),IBS患者45例(男性25例,女性20例,年龄20~70岁),进行电子肠镜检查,均在直乙状结肠交界处取活检做褪黑素受体(MR)免疫组化检查,并记录IBS症状积分及睡眠质量指数积分,给予褪黑素3 mg每日1次睡前口服,疗程4周。结果:IBS患者MR表达与IBS症状相关(P=0.02,r=0.345 Pearson相关),褪黑素治疗2周、4周较治疗前IBS症状改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);褪黑素治疗2周,睡眠质量无改善(P=0.15),褪黑素治疗4周,睡眠质量改善(P0.05)。结论:IBS患者结肠黏膜MR表达异常,与IBS症状相关,褪黑素治疗IBS症状改善提示褪黑素与IBS发病有关。     

中西医结合治疗狼疮性肾炎47例临床分析

目的:探讨狼疮肾I号方联合激素及免疫抑制剂治疗狼疮性肾炎(LN)的临床疗效及其作用机制。方法:将94例LN患者随机按数字表法分为西药组和中西医结合组各47例。西药组采用甲泼尼龙片和注射用环磷酰胺治疗,中西医结合组加用狼疮肾I号方辨证内服,两组疗程均为6个月。于治疗前、治疗后2,4,6个月进行系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动度评分(SLEDAI),进行治疗前后24 h尿蛋白定量、尿素氮(BUN)和肌酐(SCr)检测;检测治疗前后免疫球蛋白G(Ig G),补体C3,C4水平;检测治疗前后抗双链DNA(ds-DNA),血浆纤维蛋白原(FIB),D-二聚体(D-D)水平。结果:经Ridit分析,中西医结合组蛋白尿临床疗效优于西药组(P0.05);在治疗后4,6个月,中西医结合组SLEDAI评分低于西药组(P0.01);治疗后中西医结合组24 h尿蛋白定量低于西药组(P0.01);中西医结合组6个月内完全缓解例数多于西药组,但差异无统计学意义;中西医结合组平均缓解时间短于西药组(P0.05);中西医结合组治疗后Ig G,ds-DNA,FIB和D-D水平均低于西药组(P0.01);治疗后中西医结合组补体C3,C4水平均高于西药组(P0.05,P0.01)。结论:狼疮肾I号方联合激素及免疫抑制剂的中西医结合治疗方案能控制LN患者病情活动,改善血液高凝状态,保护肾功能,减轻尿蛋白尿,缩短了病程,其疗效优于单纯的西药治疗。     

硬膜外复合全麻对气管拔管应激反应的影响

目的：探讨硬膜外麻醉复合全身麻醉方法对气管拔管应激反应的预防作用。方法：22例气管插管全麻下手术患，随机分为对照组和硬膜外组，每组各11例。两组麻醉前用药、麻醉诱导和维持方法相同，硬膜外组气管拔管期间复合应用硬膜外麻醉。分别在麻醉前、拔管前、拔管后1min、2min、5min、10min各采集动脉血标本．测定血浆儿茶酚胺等浓度．并做血气分析，计录各时点的血流动力学参数。结果：两组气管拔管期间血浆儿茶酚胺等浓度均明显增高，两组比较对照组高于硬膜外组。结论：气管拔管期间复合硬膜外麻醉能减轻气管拔管引起的应激反应。     

BRCA1蛋白在散发性卵巢癌组织中的表达

目的 :探讨散发性卵巢癌组织中 BRCA1蛋白的表达及其意义。方法 :用免疫组织化学方法检测 4 3例散发性卵巢上皮性癌 (OEC)、10例交界性和 14例良性卵巢上皮性肿瘤中 BRCA1蛋白的表达。结果 :OEC、交界性和良性卵巢上皮性肿瘤组织中 BRCA1的阳性表达率分别为 39.5 %、90 .0 %和 92 .8% ,OEC组织中 BRCA1蛋白表达阳性率显著低于良性和交界性卵巢上皮性肿瘤 (P<0 .0 0 5 )。结论 :BRCA1蛋白表达降低在散发性卵巢癌的发病过程中可能具有重要作用。     

舒适护理在痔瘘手术患者中的应用

探索舒适护理在痔瘘手术患者中的应用方法及特点,对痔瘘手术病人提供舒适的住院环境,术前加强心理舒适护理,做好术前的准备,配合手术治疗,降低患者紧张焦虑程度,减轻患者的痛苦,体现了“以人为本,以病人为中心”的服务理念,提高了护理服务质量,在临床上取得了满意的效果。     

Forensische Beurteilung des Kopfsto?es

Apart from giving opinions on criminal assault using blunt force, such as blows from fists or feet, during court cases forensic experts also often have to deal with incidents of victims being headbutted with all the actual or potential consequences of this act. This brings the problem of how to give a medical justification for a behavior which is dangerous to life as the judicial basis for sentencing in accordance with §?224 para. 1 no. 5 StGB (German Penal Code). Due to a lack of concrete reference data on headbutting, up to now adequate valid forensic and biomechanical studies were not available to experts for reconstructions with particular material witnesses in order to back up the assessments. It is hoped that these studies will go some way towards rectifying this problem. Part 2 looks at the legal procedures and biomechanical features of a headbutt in the light of current literature and the author??s own research.     

卵巢癌综合治疗后18F-FDG PET/CT随访的临床价值

目的:探讨18F-FDG PET/CT显像在卵巢癌综合治疗后随访的应用价值及对临床治疗决策的影响.方法:回顾性分析在本中心接受PET/CT显像的152例卵巢癌治疗后患者,收集及分析临床资料、CA125及常规影像学结果.将患者按不同的PET/CT检查指征分为5组,与临床随访结果进行对比,分析PET/CT在卵巢癌治疗随访的应用价值及对临床治疗决策的影响.结果:137例有随访结果者纳入本研究,其中105例复发、32例无复发.PET/CT诊断卵巢癌复发的总体敏感度、特异度、准确率、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为:98.3％、91.2％、96.8％、97.5％、93.9％.PET/CT可为临床疑有复发、病情评估及疗效评价患者制定准确的治疗决策.结论:PET/CT检查对卵巢癌复发有着极高的诊断效率,可为临床提供最优化的治疗方案.