基于文献计量学的名老中医经验传承研究文献分析

目的对研究名老中医经验传承的文献进行整理、分析,以推动我国的名老中医经验传承研究工作。方法在中国生物医学文献数据库中,选择“名医经验”和“名老中医”分别为主题词和关键词。采用检索策略：名医经验／全部树／全部副主题词OR缺省[智能]：名医经验OR缺省[智能]：名老中医,检索文献。结果经过去重和人工筛选后,共检索到论文9024篇。结论纵览几十年的文献,名老中医经验传承研究走过了从起步到繁荣,从独立研究到合作研究,从运用传统方法到尝试各种新方法的道路。     

Effects of acute administration of the hydroalcoholic extract of mate tea leaves (Ilex paraguariensis) in animal models of learning and memory

Aim of the study

Ilex paraguariensis St. Hilaire (Aquifoliaceae) is a plant widely cultivated in South America that is used to prepare a tea-like beverage with a reputation to improve cognitive function, a response that has been attributed to the constituents of the leaves, especially caffeine. Our previous study indicated that the hydroalcoholic extract of Ilex paraguariensis presents an antiparkinsonian profile in reserpine- and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine hydrochloride (MPTP)-treated rodents.

Materials and methods

In the present study, the effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Ilex paraguariensis on the short- and long-term learning and memory of rats were assessed with the social recognition, Morris water maze, and step-down inhibitory avoidance tasks.

Results

A preliminary HPLC fingerprint of the plant extract confirmed the presence of caffeine (the major compound), rutin and kaemperol, and revealed the absence of detectable concentrations of caffeic acid, quercetin and ursolic acid. Acute pre-training intraperitoneal (i.p.) or oral administration of the extract of Ilex paraguariensis improved the short-term social memory in a specific manner as well as facilitated the step-down inhibitory avoidance short-term memory evaluated 1.5 h after training. Moreover, a synergistic response was observed following the co-administration of ‘non-effective’ doses of caffeine and Ilex paraguariensis in the social memory. In contrast, pre-training administration of hydroalcoholic extract of Ilex paraguariensis did not alter the step-down inhibitory avoidance long-term memory evaluated 24 h after training, while the highest dose tested (250 mg/kg, i.p.) disrupted the animals’ performance in a cued version of the Morris water maze.

Conclusion

These results partly substantiate the traditional use of mate tea for improvement of cognition indicating that acute administration of hydroalcoholic extract of Ilex paraguariensis differentially modulates short- and long-term learning and memory in rats probably through its antagonist's action on adenosine receptors.     

中药资源物种动态监测方法研究

中药资源具体物种的动态监测是中药资源整体动态监测的基础，作者就中药资源物种的动态监测方法问题，通过对影响资源物种动态因子的分析，提出了借鉴植物种群生物学的原理，以种群统计学参数为重点监测因子以掌握种群资源动态，结合种群年龄结构及大小结构分析，预测种群动态趋势及评价资源更新力的思路与方法，并介绍了相关数据的采集与分析方法。     

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??OBJECTIVE To establish an HPLC method to determine the related substances of vortioxetine hydrobromide and identify the degradation products of vortioxetine hydrobromide by HPLC-MS. METHODS An HPLC method was developed by using a CN column(Agilent Zorbax SB-CN,4.6 mm??250 mm, 5 ??m),the mobile phase consisted of CH₃CN-HCOONH₄(50??50, pH adjusted to 5.0 with phosphoric acid),the flow rate was 1.0 mL??min^-1, and the detection wavelength was set at 228 nm. The column temperature was maintained at 25 ??, and the injection volume was 20 ??L. RESULTS Vortioxetine hydrobromide was well separated from the related substances. The detection sensitivity of vortioxetine hydrobromide and its related substances met the determination requirements. The calibration curves of vortioxetine hydrobromide and related substances had good linearity. The repeatability of the method was good(RSD=6.89%, n=6). The average recoveries of the sample were all within 95%-105%. The degradation product produced by oxidation was identified by mass spectrometry as related substance D. CONCLUSION The developed method proves to be simple,accurate,specific and reliable. It can be applied to the determination of vortioxetine hydrobromide and its related substances.     

玄参3种栽培类型遗传关系和遗传多样性的SRAP研究

目的:从分子水平上研究玄参3种栽培类型的遗传关系和遗传多样性.方法:对玄参3种不同栽培类型的92个单株进行SRAP分析.运用POPGENE version 1.31软件计算相关参数,采用UPGMA聚类法进行聚类分析.结果:①20个SRAP引物共扩增出227条带,其中有119条呈多态性.②玄参3种不同栽培类型的遗传多样性居中等水平.在物种水平上,多态位点百分率PPB=52.42%,平均每个位点的有效等位基因数N_e=1.281 2,Nei's基因多样性指数H=0.167 1,Shannon's多样性信息指数H_(sp)=0.252 6.在栽培类型水平上,PPB=21.44%,N_e=1.121 6,H=0.072 5,shannon's多样性信息指数H_(pop)=0.108 3.③Nei's基因多样性指数计算的栽培类型间遗传分化系数(0.562 5)与shannon's栽培类型分化系数(0.571 3)基本一致,均说明大部分遗传变异存在于栽培类型间.④栽培类型间基因流为0.388 9,说明栽培类型间基因流动较少,遗传分化程度较高.⑤两两栽培类型间的Nei's遗传一致度(Ⅰ)的范围为0.808 2～0.913 3.根据Nei's遗传距离进行各类型间的UPGMA聚类,基于SRAP分子标记的聚类结果与形态分类基本一致.结论:栽培玄参的遗传多样性居中等水平,且栽培类型间的遗传差异大于栽培类型内的遗传差异.     

益糖康通过抑制AGE/RAGE信号通路改善骨骼肌细胞凋亡的机制

目的：研究益糖康通过抑制糖基化终末产物(AGE)/糖基化终末产物受体(RAGE)信号通路纠正骨骼肌细胞过度凋亡进而改善胰岛素抵抗(IR)的作用机制。方法：(1)体外实验,制备益糖康含药血清,将C2C12细胞设置空白组、模型组、益糖康含药血清高、中、低剂量(40、20、10 g·kg^-1)组、RAGE抑制剂组,除空白组外,用棕榈酸诱导C2C12 IR模型细胞,然后分别采取相应的干预方式后检测各组细胞的活性及葡萄糖消耗量水平,用流式细胞术检测各组细胞凋亡率,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)及蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测重要凋亡蛋白[B细胞淋巴瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、p53、胱天蛋白酶(Caspase)-3、Caspase-9]的mRNA及蛋白表达水平。(2)体内实验,将96只符合研究标准的Wistar大鼠设置空白组、对照组、益糖康高、中、低剂量组(40、20、10 g·kg^-1)、吡格列酮(1.35 mg·kg^-1)组,运用高糖高脂糖尿病模型诱导饲料联合...     

温阳补肾汤联合重组人白细胞介素-11治疗实体瘤化疗所致血小板减少临床观察

目的:观察温阳补肾汤联合重组人白细胞介素-11治疗实体瘤化疗所致血小板减少的临床效果。方法:60例按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各30例。两组均予以重组人白细胞介素-11治疗,观察组加用温阳补肾汤治疗。结果:总有效率观察组高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后观察组血小板最低值、血小板增加量高于对照组(P<0.05),观察组血小板低值天数、持续用药时间、血小板恢复时间短于对照组(P<0.05),血小板输注剂量低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:温阳补肾法联合重组人白细胞介素-11治疗实体瘤化疗后血小板减少症疗效较好。     

补益中药调整应激模型动物免疫细胞受抑及其可能机制

目的 :观察补益中药对应激小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖的影响。方法 :建立小鼠应激模型。观察菟丝子、川断、女贞子、枸杞子等补益中药对应激小鼠免疫细胞增殖过程中胞浆内Ca²⁺ 浓度、细胞膜流动性、IL-2 ,IL-2R以及细胞周期的影响。结果 :补益类中药均可增强应激小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖功能 ;降低胞浆内Ca²⁺浓度 ,恢复细胞膜的流动性 ,增强IL-2的活性、提高IL-2R阳性细胞数 ,与应激组比较有显著性差异 (P<0.01)。而四药合用的结果更佳 ,可促进细胞进入DNA合成期 ,减少细胞滞留在G。/G1期 (P<0.01) ,接近正常对照组水平。结论 :补益类中药可调整应激小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖功能 ,缓解应激对机体的不利反应。     

中药不良反应监测管理模式建立的探讨

目的:提高我国中药不良反应监测管理的水平.方法:建立一种全新的中药不良反应监测管理的模式.结果:此管理模式可为开展中药不良反应监测工作提供可行性的方法和思路.结论:建立适合中药特性的不良反应监测管理的方式、方法是大势所趋,势在必行的事情.     

电针对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎大鼠肝组织病理改变的影响

目的:应用电针刺激SD大鼠肝俞、足三里、丰降、太冲穴,观察其对高脂饮食所致的非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)大鼠肝组织病理改变的影响.方法:40只SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、电针组和西药组,每组10只.后2组分别行电针和西药熊去氧胆酸(UDCA)治疗.16周后断头处死大鼠,用HE染色观察肝组织光镜下的病理改变和超微结构的变化.结果:除正常对照组外,各组大鼠肝组织均表现有不同程度的脂肪变性、炎症、坏死和纤维化.电针疗法能明显降低NASH大鼠肝指数,改善肝组织炎症活动程度,明显降低血清ALT、AST水平,明显减轻肝组织脂肪变程度,改善肝细胞形态结构.结论:电针这一中医外治法可以减轻肝组织脂肪变程度,改善肝细胞形态结构,且以其简、便、廉、验的特点值得临床大力推广应用.