组织学前列腺炎对经尿道前列腺剜除术的影响及临床意义

目的分析组织学前列腺炎对经尿道前列腺剜除术（PKEP）的影响程度和临床意义。方法通过经尿道前列腺剜除术对231例前列腺增生（BPH）患者行手术治疗。所有患者根据手术标本病理检查结果进行分组：138例BPH伴组织学前列腺炎患者（炎症组）和93例单纯BPH患者（对照组）,分析两组患者的增生腺体剥离时间,出血量,并发症发生情况以及术后排尿情况。结果两组患者的年龄差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,两组患者前列腺体积差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。PSA、IPSS评分以及尿流率差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。炎症组与对照组剥离时间分别为：（55±20）min和（37±11）min,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。炎症组5例发生前列腺包膜穿孔,对照组无穿孔发生,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组术中出血量分别为：（310±90）ml和（105±55）ml,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。炎症组8例需术中输血,对照组无输血,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。炎症组与对照组术后发生暂时性尿失禁分别为63例和19例,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。两组患者术后3个月尿流率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论组织学前列腺炎是导致PKEP手术时间延长,增加术中出血量以及术后并发症发生的重要因素。     

胸腔腹膜后联合入路行肾动脉上型腹主动脉瘤手术的配合

对6例肾动脉上型腹主动脉瘤患者在全身麻醉下经胸腔腹膜后联合入行手术动脉瘤切除加人工血管重建术,手术效果满意,患者均存活至今。提出巡回护士做好充分的物品准备,为患者安置好上半身45°侧卧位,阻断动脉瘤远、近端前进行全身肝素化,术中密切观察生命体征;器械护士备好阻断钳、血管缝合线、人造血管,术中及时传递手术器械是手术配合的要点。     

雷公藤甲素干预脊髓损伤模型Thy-YFP转基因小鼠调节自噬及抑制细胞凋亡

文题释义：细胞自噬：自噬是一种细胞的自我保护机制,通过自噬体-溶酶体途径降解和再循环受损细胞器、有毒物质、错误折叠蛋白质等,在维持细胞稳态方面具有重要作用 转基因小鼠：1974年,Rudolf Jaenisch通过将SV40 病毒的DNA注射到小鼠的囊胚中,创造了第一只携带外源基因的小鼠。后来又有研究人员把Murine leukemia病毒注射到小鼠胚胎得到了能通过生殖系统稳定遗传的小鼠,并且外源基因能在后代中稳定表达。这些能稳定遗传且表达外源基因的小鼠即现在一般意义上所说的转基因小鼠。背景：研究表明,在脑卒中大鼠模型中,雷公藤甲素治疗减少了缺血性病变区域面积、水含量和神经细胞死亡。此外,雷公藤甲素能通过抑制星形胶质细胞增生、小胶质细胞活化和抑制炎症反应促进脊髓损伤修复。 目的：研究雷公藤甲素对Thy-YFP转基因小鼠脊髓损伤后细胞自噬和细胞凋亡的影响,探讨雷公藤甲素对脊髓损伤的保护作用及机制。方法：将60只Thy-YFP转基因小鼠随机分为4组,分别是假手术组、二甲基亚砜组、甲基强的松龙组和雷公藤甲素组。假手术组只进行椎板切除术,不损伤脊髓;其他3组建立脊髓损伤模型。雷公藤甲素组、二甲基亚砜及假手术组小鼠术后立即分别腹腔注射雷公藤甲素[0.2 mg/(kg·d)]或等量5%二甲基亚砜-生理盐水溶液,连续给药7 d;甲基强的松龙组小鼠于术后30 min、6 h、24 h腹腔注射甲基强的松龙溶液(30 mg/kg)。BMS评分检测小鼠运动功能恢复情况,苏木精-染色及Nissl染色法检测各组脊髓组织恢复情况,免疫印迹及免疫荧光染色检测各脊髓组织中自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1、LC3B、p62及凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Bax、caspase-3的蛋白水平。动物伦理获得河北北方学院批准(W20200002)。 结果与结论：①雷公藤甲素及甲基强的松龙组脊髓损伤后运动功能改善,神经细胞死亡减少;②雷公藤甲素处理后自噬相关蛋白LC3B上调,p62降低,细胞凋亡相关蛋白caspase-3和Bax降低,抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2升高;③结果表明,雷公藤甲素能促进脊髓损伤后运动功能恢复,其机制与促进自噬和抑制凋亡有关。结果提示雷公藤甲素可能对脊髓损伤具有潜在的神经保护作用。 ORCID: 0000-0002-8986-6091(朱宁) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

军事医学研究生创新能力各维度分析

目的探讨军事医学研究生创新能力在各个维度上的分布特征。方法以某军医大学研究生为例,应用威廉斯创造力倾向测量表,比较研究生总体、不同群体之间挑战性、好奇性、冒险性、想象力4个维度得分的差异。结果 1研究生创新能力各维度的得分有统计学差异(F=66.365,P=0.000),得分最高的是挑战性(75.566±10.316)和好奇性(75.012±10.807),其次是冒险性(72.839±10.070),最后是想象力(69.211±11.685);2不同群体研究生创新能力各个维度之间的比较,只有不同学历研究生在想象力方面有差异(F=4.381,P=0.037),博士研究生想象力(67.712±12.175)低于硕士研究生(69.643±11.500)。结论军事医学研究生创新能力的各个维度都在中上水平,挑战性和好奇性较高;不同群体之间的差别不大;相对而言,想象力匮乏,尤其是博士研究生。     

The utility of repeated computed tomography to track a foreign body penetrating the esophagus to the level of the thyroid gland

Objective

Foreign body (FB) ingestion is a common problem in otolaryngology. One uncommon complication of FB ingestion is penetration to the level of the thyroid gland. To our knowledge, only 21 such cases have been reported in the literature. Here, we report a case of an esophageal FB penetrating to the level of the right thyroid gland.

Case report

The patient was a 38-year-old woman in whom an esophageal FB penetrated to the level of the right thyroid gland. We traced the path to the thyroid gland using repeated computed tomography (CT) scans and demonstrated the importance of multiplanar reconstruction in locating the FB and formulating a precise surgical plan.

Conclusions

To our knowledge, this is the first report of repeat CT scans being used to demonstrate the migratory route, over time, of a FB penetrating through the esophagus to the level of the thyroid gland. Our results suggest that multiplanar reconstruction may play a key role in the precise diagnosis of a FB at the level of the thyroid gland and may help surgeons choose the best approach for removal.     

A fluorescence immunoassay based on CdTe : Zn/ZnS quantum dots for the rapid detection of bacteria,taking Delftia tsuruhatensis CM’13 as an example

A fluorescence immunoassay has been widely applied in different fields due to its high sensitivity, simple operations, and high accuracy. Quantum dots (QDs) are often selected as labels in a fluorescence immunoassay due to their high fluorescence, better stability, and biocompatibility. In this study, novel doped CdTe : Zn/ZnS QDs with stability and a high photoluminescence quantum yield (40.78%) were prepared by the water synthesis method and used as labels to conjugate with goat anti-rabbit IgG to establish a fluorescence immunoassay (FLISA) for bacteria compared to the traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the reaction between an antibody and an antigen. A good linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity and concentrations of D. tsuruhatensis CM13 was found when the concentrations were in the range of 10³ CFU mL⁻¹–10⁸ CFU mL⁻¹. The limit of detection (LOD) of D. tsuruhatensis CM13 was 1.25 × 10³ CFU mL⁻¹ by FLISA, which was about 80 times lower than the LOD obtained from ELISA (10⁵ CFU mL⁻¹). This indicated that our FLISA method has higher sensitivity than traditional ELISA, and the CdTe : Zn/ZnS QDs synthesized in this paper have good applications in the rapid sensitive detection of microorganisms.

A fluorescence immunoassay has been widely applied in different fields due to its high sensitivity, simple operations, and high accuracy.