中期18F-FDG PET/CT预测结外弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤疗效和预后的方法学研究

目的 对比分析基于中期18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（FDG） PET/CT的4项评估指标预测结外弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（EN-DLBCL）初始化疗疗效和预后的效能。 方法 回顾性分析2011年5月至2020年4月于北京医院经组织病理学检查或随访结果明确诊断为EN-DLBCL的77例初诊患者[其中,男性35例、女性42例,年龄（62.7±16.2）岁]的资料,包括治疗前基线PET/CT、初始化疗3~4个周期时的中期PET/CT和临床资料,并通过医院电子病历系统或电话随访。采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线确定中期PET/CT的最大标准化摄取值（SUVmax）的最佳临界值,将患者分为中期SUVmax<最佳临界值组和中期SUVmax≥最佳临界值组;按照中华医学会核医学分会淋巴瘤18F-FDG PET/CT及PET/MR显像临床应用指南推荐,以ΔSUVmax%=70%为最佳临界值,将患者分为ΔSUVmax%<70%组和ΔSUVmax%≥70%组;根据中期Deauville五分法评分,将患者分为Deauville五分法评分1~3分组和4~5分组;根据Lugano疗效评估标准,以中期疗效将患者分为缓解组和未缓解组。采用χ2检验、Kaplan-Meier生存分析和COX回归分析等方法分析基于中期PET/CT的SUVmax、Deauville五分法评分、Lugano疗效评估结果、ΔSUVmax%等指标对EN-DLBCL初始化疗疗效和预后预测的效能。 结果 （1）初始化疗结束时51例（66.2%）患者完全缓解;中期SUVmax<4.9组、Deauville五分法评分1~3分组的完全缓解率分别为82.6%（38/46）和85.0%（34/40）,显著高于对应的其他组,差异均有统计学意义（χ2=13.699、13.108,均P<0.001）;以ΔSUVmax70%和Lugano疗效评估结果进行分组的各组,其完全缓解率之间的差异均无统计学意义（χ2=0.018、0.368,均P>0.05）。（2）中位随访时间为24个月,范围为4~105个月,随访结束时19例（24.7%）患者疾病进展、复发或死亡;SUVmax<4.9组、Deauville五分法评分1~3分组、Lugano疗效评估缓解组患者的2年无进展生存期（PFS）均显著优于对应的其他组,差异均有统计学意义（χ2=6.148、4.586、4.765,均P<0.05）;Lugano疗效评估缓解组患者的2年总生存期（OS）优于未缓解组,差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.248,P=0.007）;以ΔSUVmax70%分组的患者之间的PFS和OS的差异均无统计学意义（χ2=0.051、3.331,均P>0.05）。多因素COX回归分析结果显示,Lugano疗效评估结果、国际预后指数评分是EN-DLBCL患者PFS（HR=12.179、14.330,P=0.015、0.005）和OS（HR=8.645、8.903,P=0.008、0.041）的独立预测指标。 结论 基于EN-DLBCL患者中期18F-FDG PET/CT的4项评估指标中,中期SUVmax<4.9和Deauville五分法评分1~3分能较好地预测EN-DLBCL患者初始化疗结束时的疗效是否为完全缓解,Lugano疗效评估结果是PFS和OS的独立预测指标。     

Moxibustion treatment increases the survival rate of lung infection of patients bed-ridden due to osteoporotic fracture of the spine via regulation of the inflammatory responses

IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the potential role of moxibustion (MOX) in the treatment of lung infection in patients bed-ridden due to osteoporotic fracture of the spine.Methods96 senile patients with pulmonary infection who were bed-ridden due to osteoporotic fracture of the spine were grouped into a MOX (–) group and a MOX (+) group. An animal model was established as a SHAM group, a PRIMED group, a MOX 15’ group and a MOX 30’ group.ResultsFor the patients’ study, we found that the survival rate was higher for patients who received MOX. Moreover, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-6 and IL-18 were down-regulated while IL-10 was up-regulated by MOX. MOX time-dependently increased the survival while reducing the bacteria left in infected mice.ConclusionsMoxibustion significantly alleviated the inflammatory responses, thus leading to a better survival rate of patients bed-ridden due to osteoporotic fracture of the spine.     

High hemoglobin fluctuation was a protective factor for cardiovascular‐related death in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients: A retrospective analysis of 232 patients with PD

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effect of hemoglobin (Hb) fluctuation after dialysis on the prognosis of cardiovascular‐related and all‐cause deaths in peritoneal dialysis (PD).MethodsAccording to the Hb fluctuation, patients were divided into low fluctuation group, moderate fluctuation group, and high fluctuation group, and then, the effects of Hb fluctuation after dialysis on the prognosis of cardiovascular‐related and all‐cause death in PD were analyzed by regression analysis.ResultsA total of 232 patients were selected in this study. Compared with the low Hb fluctuation group, the moderate and high fluctuation groups had lower body mass index (BMI), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and baseline Hb, and the moderate fluctuation group had less erythropoietin (EPO) and dialysis dose. Compared with survivors, patients with cardiovascular‐related and all‐cause deaths had lower mean Hb and Hb fluctuation (all p < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that before and after adjusting for confounding factors, Hb fluctuation was still independently correlated with cardiovascular prognosis, and higher Hb fluctuation was still a protective factor for cardiovascular‐related death in the Hb‐substandard group, but there was no significant correlation between Hb fluctuation and all‐cause death. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that Hb fluctuation was positively correlated with Kt/V and EPO dosage, but negatively correlated with the baseline Hb.ConclusionHigh Hb fluctuation was a protective factor for cardiovascular‐related death in PD with substandard Hb. Compared with Hb fluctuation, correction of anemia timely and making Hb reaches the standard level had a greater impact on reducing cardiovascular‐related death in PD.     

血管内皮生长因子基因rs699947位点多态性与汉族女性乳腺癌易感性的相关性

目的 探讨血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）基因rs699947位点多态性与汉族女性乳腺癌易感性的相关性。方法选取2013年3月至2018年8月黑龙江省齐齐哈尔和大庆地区的258例乳腺癌患者作为乳腺癌组,选取同期162例健康女性作为对照组。采用PCR技术对外周血细胞进行基因分型。结果 两组的等位基因和基因型分布比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。校正混杂因素后,基因型AC和AA对乳腺癌的风险预测值分别为0.341和0.170(P<0.05)。显性模型和隐性模型下对乳腺癌的风险预测值分别为0.276和2.657(P<0.05)。结论 VEGF基因rs699947位点多态性与乳腺癌易感性存在明显关联,基因型AC和AA是乳腺癌发病的保护因素。     

拉米夫定与乙肝疫苗联合治疗儿童慢性乙型肝炎的疗效

【目的】探讨拉米夫定与乙肝疫苗联合治疗儿童慢性乙型肝炎患者的疗效。【方法】78例患者随机分为三组:A组(拉米夫定组)20例,给予拉米夫定,共48周;B组(拉米夫定 乙肝疫苗组)20例,给予拉米夫定48周后(剂量、用法同A组),每个月皮下注射乙肝疫苗30μg一次,共4次;C组(一般治疗组)38例,仅作一般护肝治疗,疗程同上。治疗前进行血常规、肝功能、肾功能、HBV-M(ELISA法)、HBV DNA(斑点杂交法)检测。治疗3、6、12、16、18月进行上述指标检测及副作用观察。均随访至治疗开始后18个月。【结果】拉米夫定和拉米夫定 乙肝疫苗联合组患者HBV DNA普遍转阴,与C组比较有显著差异(P<0.01);联合组HBeAg阴转率和HBeAb阳转率明显提高。【结论】拉米夫定能显著抑制儿童慢性乙肝感染患者体内的HBV DNA,联合乙肝疫苗可诱导HBeAg/HbeAb血清转换。     

幼年特发性关节炎患儿外周血自然杀伤细胞CD^16＋56＋的随访意义

目的:探讨幼年特发性关节炎全身型(systemic onset iuvenile idiopathic arthritis,SOJIA)患儿治疗过程自然杀伤细胞(natural killer cells,NK cells)CD16+56+比率、骨髓细胞形态学等指标的动态变化在提示病情发展、改善预后方面的意义.方法:对我院2006年6月至2008年6月收治的30例SOJIA病例,分析治疗早期及联合治疗后多项炎症指标、外周血NK cells CD16+56+比率、骨髓细胞形态学动态变化与临床表现之间的关系.结果:所有患儿中10例病情反复难治者,均出现非特异性炎症指标升高,9例外周血NK cells CD16+56+比率降低,8例骨髓细胞形态学发生变化(4例发现异形淋巴细胞,4例有吞噬现象).及时采用强联合治疗方案后,8例病情得到控制,2例进展为巨噬细胞活化综合征.结论:SOJIA临床表现多样,实验室指标非特异性指向,治疗中同时警惕NK cells CD16+56+比率和骨髓细胞形态学等变化,及早采用个体化强联合治疗方案,是阻止病情发展,改善预后的关键.     

碘造影剂致急性血小板减少1例

分析1例住院患者全腹部增强CT检查时,使用碘造影剂40 min后出现过敏反应并伴血小板一过性急剧下降的原因,考虑可能是造影剂碘克沙醇过敏所致。本案例为临床提供预警作用,临床上应对此类情况患者进行积极预防和治疗。     

二甲双胍对胃癌合并2型糖尿病患者预后影响的Meta分析

目的:系统评价二甲双胍对胃癌合并2型糖尿病患者预后的影响。方法:计算机检索Pubmed、Cochrane library、Embase、知网、万方、维普等数据库,由两名研究员根据纳入、排除标准分别对检索文献进行筛选、质量评价及数据提取。使用RevMan5.4软件对总体生存率、癌症特异性生存率、无复发生存率进行Meta分析,效应量为风险比(hazard ratio, HR),各效应量以95%置信区间(confidence interval, CI)表示。结果:总共纳入10项研究,共计2 522例患者。Meta分析的结果显示,与未使用二甲双胍的患者相比,二甲双胍的使用能够提高胃癌合并2型糖尿病患者的总生存期(HR=0.71,95%CI:0.63～0.80,P<0.000 01)、癌症特异性生存期(HR=0.76,95%CI:0.65～0.90,P=0.001)及无复发生存期(HR=0.58,95%CI:0.47～0.72,P<0.000 01)。结论:与非二甲双胍治疗相比,接受二甲双胍治疗的胃癌合并2型糖尿病患者能够改善预后,总生存期、癌症特异性生存期及无复发生存期得到延长。     

江苏省曼氏迭宫绦虫宿主感染调查

目的 了解江苏省曼氏迭宫绦虫宿主感染情况,为曼氏裂头蚴病防控提供科学依据.方法 2018-2019年在江苏省随机抽取9个县(市、区)作为调查点.各调查点随机抽取100名常规健康体检者作为调查对象,进行曼氏迭宫绦虫血清学及病原学检查;在野外环境中调查猫、犬等终宿主及剑水蚤等中间宿主曼氏迭宫绦虫感染情况.结果 江苏省9个调...