3H]-forskolin binding sites in rat submandibular salivary glands

Specific [3H]-forskolin binding was linear as a function of the membrane protein concentration and reached steady-state by 30-40 min of incubation at 37 degrees C. Such binding was saturable and the bound radioligand could be readily dissociated by an excess of unlabelled forskolin. There was only one type of binding site, with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 0.16 microM. The concentration of the binding sites (Bmax) was 0.73 pmol/mg protein. There was no significant difference in the [3H]-forskolin binding characteristics in membranes of rats fed for 6 weeks on diets containing 10% corn oil, 8% coconut oil + 2% corn oil, or 10% menhaden fish oil.     

Sevoflurane postconditioning provides neuroprotection against brain hypoxia–ischemia in neonatal rats

Application of volatile anesthetics after brain ischemia provides neuroprotection in adult animals (anesthetic postconditioning). We tested whether postconditioning with sevoflurane, the most commonly used general anesthetic in pediatric anesthesia, reduced neonatal brain injury in rats. Seven-day-old Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to brain hypoxia–ischemia (HI). They were postconditioned with sevoflurane in the presence or absence of 5-hydroxydecanoic acid, a mitochondrial K_ATP channel inhibitor. Sevoflurane postconditioning dose-dependently reduced brain tissue loss observed 7 days after brain HI. This effect was induced by clinically relevant concentrations and abolished by 5-hydroxydecanoic acid. These results suggest that sevoflurane postconditioning protects neonatal brain against brain HI via mitochondrial K_ATP channels.     

微创清除术治疗外伤性颅内血肿病人的护理

外伤性颅内血肿病人,多因交通事故、高处坠落、钝器击伤等原因造成,发病比较突然,病情十分危重,如不采取积极有效的处理措施,病人往往会因颅内压增高、脑疝而死亡.我院1999年6月-2004年6月,利用微创清除术成功救治外伤性颅内血肿病人75例.现将护理体会报道如下.……     

Surveying quality of life in patients with Fabry disease by the SF-36 scale

Objective To test the availability of the SF-36 scale for the Chinese patient with Fabry disease (FD), the quality of life(QOL) and its probable influence factors were analyzed. Methods The data were obtained from 50 healthy volunteers and 57 patients with FD enrolled in nephrology department of Ruijin hospital from Jan, 2003 to Jan, 2013. The SF-36 scale was used to evaluate the QOL of patients and to compare the difference between the patientsandcontrols. Furthermore, the influencing factors were estimated by multiple linear regressions. Results Between the patientsandcontrols, the differences of 8 dimensionalitiy's scores had statistical significance, which claimed that the reaction was sensitive. Especially, in the patient group, the Pearson correlation coefficient among each domain of the SF-36 was lower than its Cronbach's α coefficient (0.934), which indicated good internal consistency reliability. The two common factors were much the same to the theory assume, which illustrated the construct validity was available. Even the acceptability of the patient’ group at 100% proved the scale was appropriate for patients with FD. In addition, in role-physical (RP) and bodily pain (BP) , the scores of the male patients were less than the females (P﹤0.01), declared that the QOL of the males was inferior to the females. In the physical function (PF) and the mental health (MH), the scores of the patients with angiokeratoma were less than the group without it, so the patients who had evident clinical symptoms more likely contributed to depression. Using multiple linear regression, age, gender and clinical types were chosen into regression equation by stepwise regression, and the main potential predictor was age. Conclusions The SF-36 scale applies to evaluate the QOL of patients with FD. It is critical to concern and manage the QOL of FD patients, especially in their mental health aspect.     

Solid lipid nanoparticles for enhancing vinpocetine's oral bioavailability.

An ultrasonic-solvent emulsification technique was adopted to prepare vinpocetine loaded Glyceryl monostearate (GMS) nanodispersions with narrow size distribution. To increase the lipid load the process was conducted at 50 degrees C, and in order to prepare nanoparticle using an ultrasonic-solvent emulsification technique. The mean particle size and droplet size distribution, drug loading capacity, drug entrapment efficiency (EE%), zeta potential, and long-term physical stability of the SLNs were investigated in detail respectively. Drug release from two sorts of VIN-SLN was studied using a dialysis bag method. A pharmacokinetic study was conducted in male rats after oral administration of 10 mg kg(-1) VIN in different formulations, it was found that the relative bioavailability of VIN in SLNs was significantly increased compared with that of the VIN solution. The amount of surfactant also had a marked effect on the oral absorption of VIN with SLN formulations. The absorption mechanism of the SLN formulations was also discussed. These results indicated that VIN absorption is enhanced significantly by employing SLN formulations. SLNs offer a new approach to improve the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.     

行为干预对高脂血症病人血脂的影响

我国人群血脂平均水平低于发达国家,但其升高幅度却很快.从20世纪80年代初至20世纪90年代末血清总胆固醇(Tc)高,男性患病由17%连续上升至33%,女性患病率由9%连续上升至32%[1].因此,及时检出,采取有效的应对措施,预防和控制血脂升高成为护理工作的主要内容.现将我院2006年6月门诊高脂血症病人实施行为干预对血脂水平影响的措施介绍如下.     

Effect of Al-chlorophenoxyisobutyrate (Alufibrate) on pyruvate metabolism and on the fate of very low density lipoprotein lipids in hyperlipidemic patients

he exhalation of total CO₂ and ¹⁴ CQ₂ after an intravenous injection of either [1-¹⁴C]- or [2-¹⁴C]pyruvate was measured in six male patients with type IV hyperlipidemia who had previously been receiving treatment with alufibrate or placebo. Considerably more ¹⁴ CO₂ was exhaled after the injection of [1-¹⁴C]pyruvate than after the injection of [2-¹⁴C] pyruvate. Treatment with alufibrate only slightly diminished the oxidation of [1-¹⁴C]-pyruvate, but increased the oxidation of [2-¹⁴C] pyruvate to ¹⁴CO₂ by 25%. The total concentrations of [2-¹⁴C] pyruvate and its incorporation into the lipids of lipoprotein fractions were measured over 24 h. Alufibrate treatment decreased the serum concentration of VLDL by 53%, by reducing the turnover rate by 25% and increasing the net removal rate by about 30%. No effects on LDL and HDL lipid fractions were detected.     

3例腕部头静脉输液致桡神经浅支卡压综合征原因探讨

Dellon[1]1986年首次报道了桡神经浅支卡压综合征,认为该病在临床上并不少见,是腕部疼痛的重要原因,常见病因为腕部反复活动或局部外伤、扭伤致长期频繁牵拉、摩擦桡神经浅支,造成该神经行程中卡压、粘连,病人出现腕部及手背桡侧半麻痛不适,以致影响患手用力活动.     

Efficacy of Anti-inflammatory Agents to Improve Symptoms in Patients With Schizophrenia: An Update

Background: The inflammatory hypothesis of schizophrenia is not new, but recently it has regained interest because more data suggest a role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. If increased inflammation of the brain contributes to the symptoms of schizophrenia, reduction of the inflammatory status could improve the clinical picture. Lately, several trials have been conducted investigating the potential of anti-inflammatory agents to improve symptoms of schizophrenia. This study provides an update regarding the efficacy of anti-inflammatory agents on schizophrenic symptoms in clinical studies performed so far. Methods: An electronic search was performed using PubMed, Embase, the National Institutes of Health web site http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, Cochrane Schizophrenia Group entries in PsiTri, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Only randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies that investigated clinical outcome were included. Results: Our search yielded 26 double-blind randomized controlled trials that provided information on the efficacy on symptom severity of the following components: aspirin, celecoxib, davunetide, fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acids and docosahexaenoic acids, estrogens, minocycline, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Of these components, aspirin (mean weighted effect size [ES]: 0.3, n = 270, 95% CI: 0.06–0.537, I² = 0), estrogens (ES: 0.51, n = 262, 95% CI: 0.043–0.972, I² = 69%), and NAC (ES: 0.45, n = 140, 95% CI: 0.112–0.779) showed significant effects. Celecoxib, minocycline, davunetide, and fatty acids showed no significant effect. Conclusion: The results of aspirin addition to antipsychotic treatment seem promising, as does the addition of NAC and estrogens. These 3 agents are all very broadly active substances, and it has to be investigated if the beneficial effects on symptom severity are indeed mediated by their anti-inflammatory aspects.Key words: add-on antipsychotic therapy, aspirin, N-acetylcysteine, estrogens