盆腔淋巴结切除术中结扎淋巴管与电凝闭合淋巴管的比较

目的:比较盆腔淋巴结切除术中丝线结扎和电凝闭合盆腔淋巴管断端术后盆腔淋巴囊肿形成的情况,从而找到更有效预防盆腔淋巴囊肿的方法。方法:选取南阳市中心医院妇产科2008年6月～2010年12月接受盆腔淋巴结切除术的宫颈癌患者。研究组42例,术中用4号丝线结扎双侧腹股沟深淋巴管、闭孔近端淋巴管、闭孔远端淋巴管、髂总淋巴管、髂内外静脉交叉处淋巴管共5处;对照组36例,术中用电凝闭合相应淋巴管。于手术后第1周、第4周、第12周和第24周对患者进行体格检查和B超检查,了解盆腔有无淋巴囊肿形成以及有无其他相关并发症的发生。结果:丝线结扎组与电凝闭合组患者基本情况、术后住院天数、手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、卵巢移位、淋巴结转移,术后引流量比较,无统计学差异。电凝闭合组术后第1周、术后第4周、第12周淋巴囊肿形成率高于结扎组;术后第24周电凝闭合组与结扎组淋巴囊肿形成率无统计学差异。结论:盆腔淋巴结切除术中丝线结扎腹股沟深淋巴管、闭孔近端淋巴管、闭孔远端淋巴管、髂总淋巴管、髂内外静脉交叉处淋巴管比电凝闭合相应淋巴管在术后近期内可以有效地减少盆腔淋巴囊肿的发生率。     

Effects of acute tobacco abstinence in adolescent smokers compared with nonsmokers

PURPOSE: Abstinence effects such as nicotine withdrawal and mood changes contribute to the maintenance of cigarette smoking in adult smokers, and emerging reports on adolescent smokers suggest they may experience similar subjective effects when deprived. This study aimed to prospectively document tobacco abstinence-induced changes during the first 48 hours of abstinence in adolescent smokers compared with nonsmokers, to distinguish effects distinct from typical adolescent lability. METHODS: Fifty-seven adolescent smokers and 44 adolescent nonsmokers were assessed during a 48-hour inpatient session. Characteristic nicotine withdrawal symptoms, cravings for cigarettes, and mood symptoms were measured at 13 time points following initiation of abstinence. RESULTS: The only abstinence-related effects observed were changes in craving for tobacco and feelings of anger. Tobacco craving increased and peaked quickly following initiation of abstinence and displayed a slight decrease toward the end of the 48-hour abstinence period, while anger symptoms peaked after a more prolonged abstinence. Overall, smokers' symptoms and cravings were positively associated with amount of daily smoking but not with reports of dependence or biological measures of extent of use. CONCLUSIONS: We observed that among adolescent smokers, the primary effects associated with abstinence from cigarettes are relatively minimal, and include a heightened and persistent craving to smoke and increases in anger. Although smokers had greater negative mood symptoms compared with nonsmokers, the presence and severity of most of these symptoms appear to be minimally altered by abstinence and not associated with dependency or biological indicators of amount of tobacco use.     

颅脑战伤非专科治疗标准化方案研究

目的明确并规范颅脑战伤非专科治疗方案,以指导颅脑战伤的时效救治。方法调研现代战争颅脑战伤的资料,参考国内外关于颅脑创伤的急救方案,结合我军战伤救治经验,分析颅脑战伤非专科治疗方案。结果提出颅脑战伤非专科治疗标准化方案、救治模式以及颅脑战伤处理程序图。结论此方案为颅脑战伤的时效救治及我军颅脑战伤救治手册的制定提供了依据。     

啮合原理在超高倍显微镜机械系统故障维修中的应用

齿轮齿条传动是超高倍显微镜机械传动部分的主要传送方式。根据机械设计中的齿轮齿条啮合原理,齿轮齿条正确啮合,超高倍显微镜才能正常工作。本文介绍了以齿轮齿条啮合原理为指导进行超高倍显微镜故障诊断维修的方法 ,可使故障排除简单易行。     

The kinase p38α functions in dendritic cells to regulate Th2-cell differentiation and allergic inflammation

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in controlling T helper 2 (Th2) cell-dependent diseases, but the signaling mechanism that triggers this function is not fully understood. We showed that p38α activity in DCs was decreased upon HDM stimulation and dynamically regulated by both extrinsic signals and Th2-instructive cytokines. p38α-specific deletion in cDC1s but not in cDC2s or macrophages promoted Th2 responses under HDM stimulation. Further study showed that p38α in cDC1s regulated Th2-cell differentiation by modulating the MK2−c-FOS−IL-12 axis. Importantly, crosstalk between p38α-dependent DCs and Th2 cells occurred during the sensitization phase, not the effector phase, and was conserved between mice and humans. Our results identify p38α signaling as a central pathway in DCs that integrates allergic and parasitic instructive signals with Th2-instructive cytokines from the microenvironment to regulate Th2-cell differentiation and function, and this finding may offer a novel strategy for the treatment of allergic diseases and parasitic infection.     

不同强度噪声对豚鼠耳蜗HSP70表达特点的影响

[目的 ]观察无损伤的中等强度的习服声刺激后耳蜗中热应激蛋白 (heatshockprotein ,HSP)的表达特点。 [方法 ]习服组先接受 10d每天 6h习服声暴露 ;对照组静置饲养 10d ;习服 +高噪声暴露组先接受 10d每天 6h习服声暴露 ,休息 2d后 ,再暴露于高强度噪声 2h ;高噪声暴露组直接暴露于高强度噪声 2h。然后以免疫组织化学方法结合图像分析技术检测各组动物耳蜗HSP70表达情况。 [结果 ]习服组耳蜗中HSP70 (积分光密度为 2 2 .99,平均光密度为 0 .2 8)明显高于对照组 (积分光密度为 6.77,平均光密度为 0 .11) (P <0 .0 5 ) ;习服 +高噪声组明显低于高噪声暴露组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,两组积分光密度分别为 2 0 .0 6和 43 .14 ,平均光度分别为 0 .3 0和 0 .40。 [结论 ]用无损伤的中等强度习服声诱导耳蜗中HSP70的表达高于正常状态时的表达而低于高强度噪声刺激时的表达 ,但习服过程诱导产生的HSP70却对听觉系统提供了一定的保护作用     

儿科3.0 T专用磁共振对早产儿脑损伤图像质量评价研究

目的 比较3.0 T儿科专用磁共振和3.0 T全身磁共振评估早产儿脑部图像质量,以评估3.0 T儿科专用磁共振在早产儿脑部成像的应用价值。材料与方法 本研究分别在3.0 T儿科专用磁共振和3.0 T全身磁共振进行颅脑成像扫描,采集序列包括常规序列和扩散加权成像(diffusion weighted imaging,DWI)序列,并对两组T2加权成像序列进行主观评分,对3D T1加权成像序列信噪比(signal-to-noise ratio, SNR)、对比噪声比(contrast-to-noise ratio, CNR)和DWI的表观扩散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)值进行测量。结果 主观评分显示,3.0 T儿科专用磁共振图像质量与3.0 T全身磁共振评分相当,达到临床诊断需求。儿科专用磁共振图像的双侧额叶、顶叶、颞叶、枕叶灰质和白质,中脑,小脑SNR与全身磁共振图像差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),CNR相当或优于全身磁共振;双侧额叶、顶叶、颞叶、枕叶ADC值与全身磁共振图像差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 3.0 T儿...     

Ⅱ型糖尿病合并肾病患者血压特点的观察

目的分析Ⅱ型糖尿病合并肾病(DN)患者的血压的特点。方法44例糖尿病肾病微量蛋白尿者(MAU),30例糖尿病肾病临床蛋白尿者(CAU),与96例糖尿病肾病合并高血压无蛋白尿者(NAU)相比较。结果随着尿蛋白排泄率(UAER)的增加,糖尿病病程、收缩压、脉压、甘油三脂逐渐升高。MAU组、CAU组与NAU组比较,无论入院时还是出院时使用的降压药的种数均增加。结论DN患者的高血压特点以收缩压和脉压升高为主,随着尿蛋白的增加,血压较难控制,使用降压药物种类增多。     

腹腔镜下微创修补术对胃穿孔术后胃肠动力的影响分析

目的 观察腹腔镜下微创修补术对胃穿孔术后胃肠动力的影响分析。方法 将在医院（2018年1月1日—2020年12月30日）收治胃穿孔患者60例拟手术治疗,以随机数字表法分组,每组各30例患者,其中30例实施传统开腹手术为对照组,另30例患者则实施腹腔镜下微创修补术治疗为研究组。比较围手术期相关指标、胃肠动力指标,术前、术后3 d的机体应激指标与胃泌素分泌水平及疼痛评分,统计围手术期不良事件发生率。结果 研究组患者的手术时间、首次下床时间与住院时长均短于对照组,而术中出血量则少于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。研究组患者的胃肠动力指标恢复时间均明显的短于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。两组患者术前机体应激指标与胃泌素分泌水平及疼痛评分相比,差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）。两组患者术后3 d时机体应激指标中SOD指标与胃泌素分泌水平则较术前提升,研究组高于对照组,而术后3 d的机体应激指标中MDA指标及疼痛评分均较术前降低,研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。研究组患者围手术期不良事件发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P...