卡巴胆碱抑制肿瘤坏死因子所致微血管内皮细胞通透性增高

目的探讨卡巴胆碱对肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α）诱导的增加微血管通透性的作用。方法采用FITC标记白蛋白漏出法、考马斯亮蓝染色法观察卡巴胆碱对TNF-α诱导微血管内皮细胞通透性，细胞形态和细胞骨架变化的影响。结果与对照组比较，TNF-α明显增加微血管内皮细胞通透性（P〈0．05），诱导细胞皱缩，细胞间隙增大和细胞骨架排列紊乱。给予卡巴胆碱可以明显抑制TNF-α诱导微血管内皮细胞通透性增加，并呈剂量依赖性，同时可以使细胞间隙明显减小，细胞骨架排列有序。结论卡巴胆碱可能通过抑制TNF-α对细胞骨架的损伤，进而抑制微血管通透性增加。     

粉防己碱预处理对心肌缺血/再灌注损伤大鼠肿瘤坏死因子-α表达及核因子活化的影响

目的探讨粉防己碱预处理对心肌缺血/再灌注过程中大鼠肿瘤坏死因子-α表达及与核因子活化的影响以及相关关系。方法60只SD大鼠随机分为3组:缺血/再灌注损伤组、假手术组、粉防己碱治疗组,缺血/再灌注损伤组结扎大鼠左前降支造成心肌缺血30min后再灌注24h后处死大鼠;假手术组只穿针不结扎,余步骤同缺血/再灌注损伤组;粉防己碱治疗组在缺血前30min腹腔注射粉防己碱,余步骤同缺血/再灌注损伤组。24h后取心肌标本,用酶联免疫吸附法检测心肌组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α表达水平,凝胶电泳迁移率变化分析检测核因子的活性。结果粉防己碱组与缺血再灌注组相比肿瘤坏死因子-α表达水平明显减低(208.40±25.12 VS 306.65±17.78,P<0.01)而与假手术组相比表达明显增强(208.40±25.12 VS 61.45±9.20,P<0.01)。粉防己碱组核因子的活性明显低于缺血再灌注组(29.58±1.56 VS 40.33±4.39,P<0.01)而与假手术组无显著性差异(29.58±1.56 VS 30.09±3.46,P>0.05)。结论粉防己碱预处理可以使心肌缺血/再灌注损伤过程中肿瘤坏死因子-α生成明显减少,核因子的活化受到有效抑制,从而起到减轻心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的作用。     

西洛他唑治疗糖尿病合并下肢动脉闭塞症的功效及安全性观察

目的：观察西洛他唑治疗糖尿病合并下肢动脉闭塞症的效果及安全性。方法：选择糖尿病合并下肢动脉闭塞症患者33例,给予西洛他唑第一周50mg,2次／日。第二周始改为100mg,2次／日,观察并检测治疗前后症状体征,双下肢血管直径及峰值血流速度,肝肾功能,血尿常规,血脂及血液流变学等指标。结果：患者主观症状改善率在80％以上,双下肢血流峰值速度治疗后有显著性增加（P＜0．01）,血尿常规,肝肾功能等各项指标治疗前后无明显差异。结论：西洛他唑对糖尿病合并下肢动脉闭塞症是一种安全有效的药物。     

硅凝胶型乳房假体凝胶外渗的实验研究

目的 :研究硅凝胶型乳房假体植入大鼠体内后凝胶外渗对机体的影响。方法 :取 40只健康SD雌性大鼠分成A、B、C、D 4组 ,A、B、C 3组分别植入实验用完整的硅凝胶型假体、刺破的硅凝胶型假体及生理盐水充注型假体于大鼠背侧皮下 ,D组为空白对照。术前测出血液中有机硅的浓度。 6个月后取出假体观察 ,进行假体包膜组织学检查及大鼠血液中术后有机硅的浓度测定。结果 :A、B、C 3组纤维包膜组织学特征无明显差异 ,B组纤维包膜中光镜下发现外渗的凝胶颗粒。术后与术前 4组大鼠间血液中有机硅的浓度比较 ,差异均无显著性。结论 :完整的硅凝胶假体、人为刺破外壳的硅凝胶假体与生理盐水充注型假体的组织学反应无明显差异 ,外渗的凝胶局限在纤维包膜的内层 ,也不会随血液或淋巴到机体其他部位。     

Eye lrritation caused by Formaldehyde as an Indoor AIr Pollution—A Controlled Human Exposure Experiment

Obejective　The present study focuses on health assessment of wood based panels which are widely used in interior decoration practices over the recent years in China. Formaldehyde has been identified as chemical indicator of (IAO) and an indoor air pollutant. To test its health effects experiment was undertaken. Method　A small environmental test chamber (60/L) was used as the generator of emission gas from new panels, and was operating at a temperature of 22.7±0.6℃ and a humidity of 44.4±2.5 % with an air exchange rate of 1.0±0.15h-1. On the three experimental days the values of product loading in chamber were 4, 2 and 6 m2/m3, respectively. Eight people were selected randomly from the students and employees of Wuhan Health and Anti-epidemic Station as subjects, with an average age of 21.9±5.9 years, and a gender ratio of 1:1, and two of them were smokers (one male and one female). The subjects' eyes were exposed to formaldehyde through a pair of goggles. Each goggle had its flow inlet and outlet, and connected to chamber exhaust of emission gas and to an exhaust from the room. The exposure time was very short, just 5 minutes and the formaldehyde doses were at 1.65±0.01, 2.99±0.07 and 4.31±0.02 ppm. A 60-mm linear visual analogue rating scales was used to measure the intensity of sensory eye irritation and a video tape recorder was used to record eye blinking frequency. Results　The results demonstrated that tests of sensory eye irritation and eye blinking can be used for materials testing, and that a dose-effect as well as a time-variance of the effect can be measured. Conclusion　The tests showed that eye irritation was perceived at all of the three levels.     

A clinical observation of early short-term use of potent antibiotics in severely burned patients

Objective: To evaluate the effect of early and short-term use of potent antibiotics following extensive severe burn injury. Methods: Seventeen severely burned patients hospitalized in the same period (Nov.,1998 to Oct., 2000) wer esame treatment in Group 2 (n=8) was discontinued until day 15 postburn. The survival rate, blood bacterial culture, body temperature and white blood cell and platelet counts were compared between the 2 groups. Results: All the 17 patients survived and all blood bacterial cultures were negative. No significant difference of body temperature and white blood cell and platelet counts between the 2 groups was observed (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Early use of high-potency antibiotics at short treatment course after extensive severe burn is effective to prevent infection and reduce the cost.     

人绒毛膜滋养层细胞的培养

取妊娠 ６～１０周的人妊娠早期绒毛膜,用胰酶／ＤＮＡ酶消化,换瓶纯化处理,经光镜和电镜检测证实,我们建立了稳定的人绒毛膜滋养层细胞培养体系。     

齐多夫啶半乳糖神经酰胺脂质体的制备及理化性质研究

目的 制备齐多夫啶半乳糖神经酰胺脂质体并对其理化性质进行研究。方法 采用两次乳化法，以半乳糖神经酰胺为主要膜材制备齐多夫啶半乳糖神经酰胺脂质体并进行形态学观察、检测其包封率和稳定性。结果 透射电子显微镜下观察齐多夫啶半乳糖神经酰胺脂质体为粒径均匀的球形或近球形的小单层颗粒；粒径范围为60～270nm，D50为140nm；包封率达72．5％，但10d后快速下降。结论 齐多夫啶半乳糖神经酰胺脂质体制备方法可行，需进一步提高包封率和稳定性。     

重组人表皮生长因子软膏对烧伤患者血清表皮生长因子浓度的影响

目的:观察不同深度、不同面积烧伤创面对局部外用重组人表皮生长因子(rhEGF)软膏的吸收作用以及对血清EGF浓度的影响。方法:选择烧伤患者41例,局部外用rhEGF软膏治疗,每日换药一次。浅Ⅱ°创面患者于用药前和用药第4,7天;深Ⅱ°创面于用药前和用药后第7,14天,分别取患者静脉血清,采用放射免疫分析法测定患者各时间点血清中EGF浓度。结果:rhEGF软膏在试验浓度范围内,无论用药面积大小和用药时间长短其血清EGF水平均无明显变化,各时间点用药前后EGF血药浓度无显著差异(P>0.05);血清EGF浓度与创面深度和用药面积无明显的相关性。结论:rhEGF软膏局部外用,通过创面吸收的量甚微,体内无蓄积现象。