小鼠甲胎蛋白与结核杆菌热休克蛋白70基因融合载体的构建及体外表达

目的 构建小鼠甲胎蛋白(α-Fetoprotein，AFP)与结核杆菌热休克蛋白70(Mycobacterium tuberculosis heat shock protein 70，Mt．HSP70)基因融合载体．并研究其在真核细胞中的表达情况。方法 以pcDNA3.1为基本单位构建AFP及HSP70的融合表达载体，融合基因以G-S-G-G-S连接子连接；用脂质体将系列载体导入COS-7细胞．48h后以免疫化学方法检测其表达。结果 构建的AFP和HSP70的单独及融合表达载体导入COS-7细胞48h后经RT-PCR检测可扩增出相应片段，细胞免疫化学染色为阳性。结论 AFP和HSP70的单独及融合表达载体构建成功，并能在真核细胞中表达。     

脑卒中后癫痫60例临床分析

目的探讨脑卒中癫痫的，I岳床特点及发病机制。方法对1000例脑卒中患者中60例继发性癫痫患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果脑卒中癫痫的总发生率6．00％，卒中后早期癫痫的发生率为53．33％（32／60），晚期发生率为46．67％（28／60），以部分发作为最多占65．00％（39／60），卒中后癫痫的发生率与病灶部位有关，皮质病灶较易发生卒中后癫痫，皮质（10．65％）与皮层下（2．73％）比较差异有显著意义（P〈0．05），而不同卒中类型癫痫发生率差异无显著意义（P〉0．05）。结论脑卒中是老年人癫痫发作的最常见原因，皮层病灶较易发生癫痫。     

路氏乳杆菌JCM1081黏附相关蛋白的初步鉴定

目的研究路氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus reuteri,也称罗伊氏乳杆菌)JCM1081菌体表面蛋白对其黏附HT-29细胞的影响。方法将路氏乳杆菌JCM1081菌体进行胰蛋白酶、蛋白酶K处理;用氯化锂和盐酸胍对乳杆菌表面的蛋白进行抽提,进行SDS-PAGE后与黏蛋白受体进行Western blot,并对杂交阳性蛋白进行质谱分析鉴定。结果路氏乳杆菌JCM1081菌体经胰蛋白酶、蛋白酶K处理后,其对HT-29细胞的黏附力显著下降(P<0．01);用氯化锂去除路氏乳杆菌JCM1081菌体外表面的S层蛋白后,路氏乳杆菌JCM1081对HT-29细胞的黏附力无显著变化;Western blot结果显示相对分子质量(Mr)为29×103和14×103的两种菌体表面蛋白与黏蛋白受体杂交中出现了强阳性;质谱分析结果显示29×103蛋白与路氏乳杆菌ATCC55730的h0793蛋白相似性高达71．1％。结论路氏乳杆菌JCM1081菌体表面的蛋白参与了乳杆菌的黏附,其中29×103和14×103的两种胞壁表面蛋白能够特异地识别黏蛋白受体并与之结合,29×103蛋白属ABC转运蛋白家族。     

磷酸组织胺诱导的Ⅰ型超敏反应对肝损伤作用的研究

目的:通过观察与Ⅰ型超敏反应相关的生物活性介质--组织胺对家兔肝脏有无直接损伤作用,进一步论证Ⅰ型超敏反应对肝脏的损伤作用.方法:选择34只家兔随机分为对照组、实验Ⅰ组和实验Ⅱ组3组;对照组只进行正常饲料喂养,实验Ⅰ组在正常饲料喂养的同时每天给予0.4μg/kg耳静脉注射磷酸组胺注射液,实验Ⅱ组在正常饲料喂养的同时每天给予0.08 μg/kg耳静脉注射磷酸组胺注射液;动态观察以上3个组的血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)及血清谷草转氨酶(AST)变化;利用光学显微镜观察以上3个组肝组织的病理变化.结果:无论是实验Ⅰ组或实验Ⅱ组,经过一段时间的观察,发现血清内ALT和AST含量均显着高于对照组(P＜0.01),但Ⅰ、Ⅱ组之间无显着性差异(P＞0.05);实验Ⅰ组和实验Ⅱ组在显微镜下观察,其肝脏均有不同程的损伤和病理改变,且实验Ⅱ组的损伤和变化大于实验Ⅰ组,而对照组的肝脏则无明显的病理变化.结论:组织胺对家兔肝脏确实有一定的损伤作用,而且随着投予剂量和时间的增加,肝脏的损伤和病理变化也越显著;通过本研究,可以得出Ⅰ型超敏反应导致肝脏病理变化及损伤的见解.     

肝毒清颗粒对大鼠实验性肝纤维化的防治作用

目的 :观察肝毒清颗粒的抗纤维化作用。方法 :将Wistar雄性大鼠随机分成 6组 ,即正常对照组、模型组、肝毒清大、中、小剂量组和乙肝宁阳性组 ,采用四氯化碳诱导肝纤维化模型。于造模第 2个月始给予治疗药物。实验持续 3月后将大鼠处死取血作肝功检查及取肝组织做病理检查。结果 :肝毒清能降低AST ,升高TP、ALB ,与模型组比较 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;减轻肝脂肪变性、减少纤维组织增生、促进肝细胞再生。结论 :肝毒清对大鼠肝纤维化有明显防治作用     

Bio—Normalizer（BN）对体外鼠胚大脑神经细胞缺氧损伤保护作用的研究

目的：为研究Bio-Normalizer(BN)对大脑神经细胞缺氧损伤的保护作用,并探讨其机制。方法：本研究采用无血清体外细胞培养方法,培养鼠胚大脑神经细胞,将神经细胞造成缺氧损伤,在无血清培养液中加入不同剂量的BN,观察BN对缺氧损伤的保护作用。将细胞分为4组,Ⅰ组为缺氧BN浓度为0mg/ml组;Ⅱ组为缺氧BN浓度为0．1mg/ml组,Ⅲ组为缺氧BN浓度为0．5mg/ml组;Ⅳ组为非缺氧BN浓度为0mg/ml组。在倒置显微镜下观察细胞生长发育的情况,于细胞培养后的第4天收集细胞,测定生化指标,同时进时光镜和电镜病理检查。结果：缺氧0．1mgBN/ml组的神经细胞MTT及NSE活性均高于缺氧0mgBN/ml组,并有显著差别（P＜0．05）;形态学观察结果也显示缺氧0．1mgBN/ml组和0.5mgBN/ml组的神经细胞缺氧损伤后恢复明显好于缺氧0mgBN/ml组。结论：BN对大脑神经细胞缺氧损伤恢复具有明显的促进作用。     

新型免疫抑制剂霉酚酸酯治疗狼疮性肾炎

目的观察新型免疫抑制剂霉酚酸酯(M.MF)治疗狼疮性肾炎的临床疗效和安全性。方法经肾活检证实的20例狼疮性肾炎,给予糖皮质激素联合MMF治疗。MMF初始剂量1.0～1.5g/d,治疗时间321个月,平均(10.9±6.2)个月。结果MMF治疗后24h尿蛋白定量从治疗前的平均5.55g下降至1.54g;d清白蛋白治疗前平均26.87g升至39g;6/8例肾功能不全患者3个月内Scr恢复正常;d清自身抗体产生明显减少,补体上升,其中ANA转阴率3个月达63％,6个月达81％;抗ds-DNA由治疗前23.77IU／ml下降至9.19IU／ml;2例重复活检,肾小球活动性病变明显减轻。MMF治疗的不良反应较少,偶有白细胞减少、感染、带状疱疹等。结论MMF对于各型狼疮性肾炎,尤其是Ⅳ型重症狼疮,经传统治疗无效者均有较好疗效,且长期应用不良反应少。     

Culture bovine prospermatogonia with 2i medium

Germplasm cryopreservation and expansion of gonocytes/prospermatogonia or spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are important; however, it's difficult in cattle. Since inhibitors of Mek1/2 and Gsk3β (2i) can enhance pluripotency maintenance, effects of 2i-based medium on the cultivation of bovine prospermatogonia from the cryopreserved tissues were examined. The testicular tissues of newborn bulls were well cryopreserved. High mRNA levels of prospermatogonium/SSC markers (PLZF, GFRα-1) and pluripotency markers (Oct4/Pouf5, Sox2, Nanog) were detected and the PLZF⁺/GFRα-1⁺ prospermatogonia were consistently identified immunohistochemically in the seminiferous cords. Using differential plating and Percoll-based centrifugation, 41.59% prospermatogonia were enriched and they proliferated robustly in 2i medium. The 2i medium boosted mRNA abundances of Pouf5, Sox2, Nanog, GFRα-1, PLZF, anti-apoptosis gene Bcl2, LIF receptor gene LIFR and enhanced PLZF protein expression, but suppressed mRNA expressions of spermatogonial differentiation marker c-kit and pro-apoptotic gene Bax, in the cultured prospermatogonia. It also alleviated H₂O₂-induced apoptosis of the enriched cells and decreased histone H3 lysine (K9) trimethylation (H3K9me3) and its methylase Suv39h1/2 mRNA level in the cultured seminiferous cords. Overall, 2i medium improves the cultivation of bovine prospermatogonia isolated from the cryopreserved testes, by inhibiting Suv39h1/2-mediated H3K9me3 through Mek1/2 and Gsk3β signalling, evidencing successful cryopreservation and expansion of bovine germplasm.     

Reply to Comments on “A Scientometric Analysis of Recent Literature on Arsenic Bioaccumulation and Biotransformation in Marine Ecosystems”

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology - In this letter, we formally replied to the comments on our recently published paper “A scientometric analysis of recent literature on...     

Complete urethral injury in the penile fracture: a case report and literature review

Penile fracture is described as a traumatic rupture of the tunica albuginea caused by blunt injury to the erect penis. It usually occurs as a single rupture of the tunica albuginea in one of two corpora cavernosa; a rupture with urethral injury is an extremely rare condition. Although its diagnosis is usually clinical, ultrasound plays an important role in confirming diagnosis and identifying the site of the injury. Here, we presented a case of penile fracture with complete urethral injury. A 43-year-old male was admitted to the hospital because of trauma to the genital and dysuria following sexual intercourse. After admission, the patient was diagnosed with double penile fracture and complete urethral injury after the physical and B-ultrasound examinations. Emergency surgery to remove the hematoma and repair the urethra was performed. The patient recovered smoothly and was discharged on the third day after operation. After two months’ follow-up, the patient urinated smoothly and achieved an adequate erection without other complications. In this case, consistent with previous studies, emergency surgery for penile fracture is necessary and can preserve the urethral function and sexual function. In addition, there are two lesions in tunica albuginea in this case, so careful search for the penile shaft during the surgery is important to avoid the missed injuries. This report provides evidence of an uncommon and underreported clinical case.