Basilar artery on computed tomography angiography score and clinical outcomes in acute basilar artery occlusion

Journal of Neurology - This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) based on the baseline Basilar...     

Comparing characteristics and outcomes of in-hospital stroke and community-onset stroke

Journal of Neurology - In-hospital strokes account for 4–17% of all strokes and usually lead to urgent and severe conditions. However, features of in-hospital strokes have been scarcely...     

机器人手术系统在结直肠手术的应用

腹腔镜手术改善了结直肠手术患者的短期预后且有着不劣于开腹手术的长期预后,但对骨盆狭窄的低位直肠癌男性患者或肥胖的右半结肠癌患者,因其空间窄、暴露困难及腔镜器械灵活不足,腹腔镜手术的开展存在一定难度。机器人手术系统有视野更清晰、操作更灵活等优点而逐渐在结直肠手术中得到推广,但目前对于机器人手术系统在结直肠领域的应用现状和效果并不明确。本文将从手术机器人在传统结直肠手术中应用、机器人结直肠手术新进展、机器人手术不足三方面进行综述。     

评估应用术前PLR、NLR及AGR预测乳腺癌患者预后的价值

目的探究术前血小板淋巴细胞比值（PLR）、中性粒细胞淋巴细胞比值（NLR）及白蛋白球蛋白比值（AGR）在评估乳腺癌患者预后中的价值。 方法选取2013年1月至2017年12月收治的1184例浸润性乳腺癌女性患者为浸润性乳腺癌组,随机选取仅患乳腺纤维腺瘤的患者279例为乳腺纤维腺瘤组。收集患者一般资料、术后病理资料、血型、术前外周血血小板、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞数量以及血清白蛋白和球蛋白水平,并计算得出PLR、NLR及AGR。应用受试者功能特征曲线下面积来评估三者预测乳腺癌患者预后的能力。本研究使用SPSS 20.0及MedCalc软件进行统计学分析和绘图,P<0.05代表差异具有统计学意义。 结果浸润性乳腺癌患者的术前PLR及NLR均值显著高于乳腺纤维腺瘤患者（P<0.05）,而AGR低于乳腺纤维腺瘤患者（P<0.05）。Cox比例回归风险分析显示,患者的诊断年龄、PLR、NLR、AGR、肿瘤直径、组织学分级、阳性淋巴结个数和分子分型均为乳腺癌的预后危险因素（P<0.05）。ROC曲线分析结果得出,PLR、NLR及AGR的最佳诊断临界值分别为147.4、2.9及1.7。应用术前PLR（AUC=0.796,P<0.001）、NLR（AUC=0.716,P<0.001）及AGR（AUC=0.748,P<0.001）预测乳腺癌患者预后均有价值,且PLR价值更高。 结论术前PLR、NLR及AGR对乳腺癌患者预后的判断均具价值,三者相比,PLR价值更高,有望成为判断乳腺癌患者预后的补充指标。     

Increased Expression of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Reduces Renal Cell Apoptosis During Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury After Hypothermic Machine Perfusion

Hypothermic machine perfusion (MP) can reduce graft's injury after kidney transplantation; however, the mechanism has not been elucidated. In the past decade, many studies showed that aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a protease which can inhibit cell apoptosis. Therefore, this study aims to explore whether ALDH2 takes part in reducing organ damage after MP. Eighteen healthy male New Zealand rabbits (12 weeks old, weight 3.0 ± 0.3 kg) were randomly divided into three groups: normal group, MP group, and cold storage (CS) group (n = 6). The left kidney of rabbits underwent warm ischemia for 35 min through clamping the left renal pedicle and then reperfusion for 1 h. Left kidneys were preserved by MP or CS (4°C for 4 h) in vivo followed by the right nephrectomy and 24‐h reperfusion, and then the specimens and blood were collected. Finally, concentration of urine creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and 4‐HNE were tested. Renal apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining, and the expression of ALDH2, cleaved‐caspase 3, bcl‐2/ bax, MAPK in renal tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry or Western blot; 24 h after surgery, the concentration of Cr in MP group was 355 ± 71μmol/L, in CS group was 511 ± 44 μmol/L (P < 0.05), while the BUN was 15.02 ± 2.34 mmol/L in MP group, 22.64 ± 3.58 mmol/L in CS group (P < 0.05). The rate of apoptosis and expression of cleaved caspase‐3, p‐P38, p‐ERK, and p‐JNK in MP group was significantly lower than that in CS group (P < 0.05), while expression of ALDH2 and bcl‐2/bax in MP group was significantly higher than that in CS group (P < 0.05); expression of cleaved caspase‐3 in both MP and CS group significantly increased as compared with that in normal group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, increased expression of ALDH2 can reduce the renal cell apoptosis through inhibiting MAPK pathway during ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) after hypothermic MP.     

Recurrent rhabdomyolysis and glutaric aciduria type I: a case report and literature review

Background

Glutaric acidemia type I (GA-I) is a rare metabolic disorder caused by mutation of the glutaryl- CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) gene. The occurrence of rhabdomyolysis with GA-I is extremely rare.

Methods

We reported a child with recurrent rhabdomyolysis and undiagnosed glutaric acidemia type I (GA-I). And a literature review was performed.

Results

A 4.5-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital due to recurrent rhabdomyolysis for 3 times within three years. At the third admission, she was diagnosed with GA-I by biochemical testing and mutation analysis. The girl was found to have a serine to leucine replacement mutation of the GCDH gene in exon 8 at position 764. Other three patients with rhabdomyolysis and GA-I were discovered by literature searching.

Conclusions

This report highlights that patients with GA-I may have an increased risk of rhabdomyolysis.