Absence of relaxation to lactate in human placental vessels of pregnancies with severe preeclampsia

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine whether the observed relaxation to lactate and other agents in placental vessels of normal pregnancies is altered in severe preeclampsia.STUDY DESIGN: Isolated placental arteries and veins from women with severe preeclampsia and uncomplicated term pregnancies were precontracted with prostaglandin F_2α under 5% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide with the balance nitrogen (Po₂ 35 to 38 torr) and then exposed to lactate (1 to 10 mmol/L, pH 7.4, n = 8 to 15), arachidonic acid (0.01 to 10 μmol/L, n = 6 to 13), nitroglycerin (1 nmol to 1 μmol/L, n = 4 to 12), or forskolin (0.01 to 10 μmol/L, n = 6 to 9). The response to lactate was also examined in placental vessels from appropriate-for-gestational-age preterm deliveries (n = 8) for comparison with a similar group with severe preeclampsia (n = 8). The t test and analysis of variance statistics were used.RESULTS: Relaxation to lactate was markedly inhibited in both placental arteries and veins of women with severe preeclampsia compared with vessels from uncomplicated term or preterm pregnancies. Responses to the other relaxing agents were not altered in the severely preeclampsia vessels.CONCLUSIONS: In severe preeclampsia absence of lactate-induced dilatation of placental vessels may contribute to the fetal complications associated with impaired blood flow and vasospasm.     

Use of epr oximetry with india ink to measure the po2 in the liver in vivo in mice

The partial pressure of oxygen (pO₂) of the liver in vivo in unanesthetized mice was determined using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry with India ink. The EPR spectra were obtained using a low-frequency (1.2 GHz) EPR spectrometer with a loop gap cavity resonator. The line width of the India ink used in this experiment was reversibly broadened by oxygen and was particularly sensitive to pO₂ below 30 torr. After the administration of India ink into the tail vein, the India ink particles were taken up mainly by Kupffer cells in the liver and in part by phagocytes in the spleen. The pO₂ measured in the normal liver was about 14 torr and was constant for the 2-week experimental period. The pO₂ decreased when measured at 1, 2, and 6 days after treatment with a hepatotoxin (carbon tetrachloride (CCI₄)); within 2 weeks, it returned almost to the initial level. Measurements by EPR at sacrifice of controls and CCI₄-treated mice indicated that more than 90% of the India ink went to the liver; the spleen contained 4.7% of total amount in control mice and 8.8% in CCI₄-treated mice when measured 2 weeks after the treatment. These data indicate the usefulness of India ink for measuring the pO₂ of the liver in vivo and that the pO₂ in the Kupffer cells is decreased when the liver is damaged by CCI₄.     

巨乳缩小成形固定术

Twenty-eight breasts of 15 patients with macromastia underwent reduction mammaplasty from 1982 to 1989. We followed up these patients postoperatively for 6 months to 7 years. The follow-up time for 8 patients was over 1 year, and 4 patients over 5 years. And 3 patients labored and lactated. These 15 patients were satisfied with this operative results. The operative technology was based on Pitange's method. This method improved the site of the nipple, transposition of nipple-areola complex, and design of dermal pedicle, so that it had better effects in the breast shape, breast fixation and incision scar concealed. We suggest that the purpose of macromastia treated in reducing volume, improving breast shape, preserving lactating function. This paper also discusses the methods for nipple site, nipple-areola complex transposition, breast resection and mastopexy.     

叶天士治疗精浊（慢性前列腺炎）思路探析

我们在慢性前列腺炎的治疗中,通过学习叶天士《临证指南医案·淋浊》一篇,受益良深。古人虽受解剖学知识的限制,很难了解病变的具体部位,但从叶氏的医案中可以看出,他对“精浊”的认识与现代慢性前列腺炎基本吻合。叶氏认为,尽管淋证(泌尿系感染)与     

深圳宝安3～7岁健康幼儿血清糖、离子、非蛋白含氮类化合物表达水平观察

目的观察深圳宝安3～7岁健康幼儿血清糖、离子、非蛋白含氮类化合物表达水平。方法采用OLRPUSAU-640全自动生化仪及OLRPUS诊断试剂、东欧生物诊断试荆，检测316例体检健康幼儿血清中Ca^＋＋、Mg^＋＋、P^＋＋＋、GLU、BUN、Cr、UA的含量。结果①．1组与4组及2组与3、4组Ca^＋＋组间方差分析，差异有统计学意义，P〈0.05。②．1组与2、3、4组Cr组间方差分析，差异有统计学意义P〈0．05。而Mg^＋＋、P^＋＋＋、GLU、BUN、UA组间方差分析差异无统计学意义，P〉0．05。结论笔者证实了3～4岁健康幼儿与6～7岁健康幼儿及4～5岁健康幼儿与5～7岁健康幼儿血清Ca^＋＋表达水平有差异。也证实了3～4岁健康幼儿与4～7健康幼儿Cr含量存在差异。由此可见，3～7岁健康幼儿建立自己的参考值是必要的。     

Clinical observations on the use of the Chinese herbTripterygium wilfordii Hook for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome

A preparation of extracts from the root of the Chinese medicinal herbTripterygium wilfordii Hook was administered orally at a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight per day to 13 children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Eight children, including 4 who were steroid resistant, went into remission which was maintained in 4 for up to 3 years after withdrawal of treatment. In 3 children the proteinuria lessened with the return of plasma protein concentration to normal, and in 1 child this improvement was maintained for 4 years after treatment ceased. No serious side-effects were noted, but a temporary anti-fertility activity has been noted in other studies of both men and women.     

脑型肌酸激酶同功酶在脑血管病中的意义 Ⅱ.急性脑血管病患者血清和脑脊液中CKBB变化及与CT片上病损大小的关系

用改良的ELISA检测25例正常对照组和32例急性脑血管病患者的血清和脑脊液(CSF)中的脑型肌酸激酶同功酶BB(creatine kinase isoenzyme BB)浓度。32例急性脑血管病患者CSF CKBB平均水平为16.62±8.3ng/ml,明显高于对照组(7.5—4.8ng/ml)。发病24h内CSFCKBB轻微增高,24～48h达高峰,以后下降,7天左右尚未恢复正常。病初CSF CKBB水平明显高于恢复期。9例高血压性脑出血的血肿出血量(按CT片上血肿大小计算)与患者CSF CKBB有密切关系(r=0.8127,P<0.01)。血肿体积(X)与CSF CKBB浓度(y)的回归方程y—7.945±0.872X。     

怎样理解和区分"验证"和"评估"在助听器验配中的使用

听力学是一门刚刚兴起的学科，在我国尚属起步阶段，许多专业词汇都是从英语翻译过来的。为了使广大读者对听力学基本概念有更清晰的认识和理解，本刊特别开辟专栏。约请加拿大达尔豪斯大学教授Dr．David Jiang撰写系列文章，对相关词汇及英语术语加以解释和界定。此间，Dr．David Jiang将选择一些容易混淆和误读的、有代表性的术语和词语，结合现实情况。给大家做更为详尽的介绍。以期我国听力语言康复科学学术界同仁对一些英文专业词汇有更为准确和精当的理解与应用。