Transmission of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli through kidney transplantation --- California and Texas, 2009

On July 6, 2009, the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network received notification of possible disease transmission. A transplant center in California (TCA) reported a kidney transplant recipient with Escherichia coli urinary tract infection and sepsis suspected to have been contracted from the donated kidney. Upon further investigation, a transplant center in Texas (TCB) reported that the recipient of the other kidney from the same donor developed a perinephric abscess caused by E. coli. The kidney grafts failed in both recipients; however, both recipients survived. E. coli isolates from both recipients demonstrated similar antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. Molecular typing studies conducted at CDC showed that the E. coli isolates from both kidney recipients were identical to an isolate from the donor's urine. On October 30, 2009, the Texas Department of State Health Services requested assistance from CDC to investigate this transplant-associated E. coli transmission and make recommendations to prevent future transmissions. The investigation identified gaps in communicating important donor information that might have adversely affected transplant outcomes. Each organ procurement organization (OPO) should establish protocols that clearly assign responsibilities for receiving, reviewing, and conveying any relevant donor information that becomes available subsequent to organ procurement.     

疾病监测工作人员能力和培训需求研究

目的了解基层疾病预防控制中心(CDC)疾病监测工作人员能力和需求,为提高疾病监测能力提供建议。方法采用自填式问卷定量调查浙江省各级CDC所有传染病网络直报数据监测管理人员和疾病防制人员共484人,收回有效问卷484份。将调查结果用EpiData 3.0输入并导出数据建立SPSS数据库进行统计分析。结果基层CDC中,47.52%(230/484)的传染病网络直报相关人员学习过统计软件的使用方法,85.95%(416/484)的人员能使用Excel对数据进行整理和分析,使用较多的软件为EpiData,而SAS、Stata软件的使用率较低。81.40%(394/484)的人认为最迫切需要培训的内容是数据分析和利用的方法。结论目前浙江省基层CDC传染病网络直报工作相关人员对统计学知识的掌握尚不够全面,对多种统计学软件的应用能力欠缺,需要针对性地加强培训。     

Comparison of Ileal Digested Production of Parental Rice and Rice Genetically Modified With Cowpeas Trypsin Inhibitor

INTRODUCTION With the rapid development of genetically modified foods in the world, the safety assessment of these novel foods is becoming the first task for governments, scientists, and consumers. At the same time, nutritional assessment is an important …     

Guidelines for infection control in dental health care settings--2003

BACKGROUND: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, is the lead federal agency for disease prevention in the United States. It has been 10 years since CDC infection control guidelines for dental health care settings were last published. During those 10 years, new technologies and issues have emerged, and other CDC infection control guidelines for health care settings have been updated. RESULTS: In light of these developments, CDC collaborated with experts in infection control to revise its infection control recommendations for dental health care settings. Existing guidelines and published research pertinent to dental infection control principles and practices were reviewed. This article provides background information, describes the process used to create these guidelines, and lists the new recommendations. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: CDC believes that dental offices that follow these new recommendations will strengthen an already admirable record of safe dental practice. Patients and providers alike can be assured that oral health care can be delivered and received in a safe manner.     

Early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal infection: 2002 guidelines for prevention

In 1996, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and relevant professional organizations jointly released guidelines for prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal infections. The guidelines recommended that all obstetric providers and institutions providing intrapartum services follow one of two strategies. This year, on the basis of multistate surveillance data collected since prevention strategies were initiated, the CDC has released revised prevention recommendations. This article reviews the new guidelines and discusses clinical implications for practice in a variety of settings.