手术治疗125例分化性甲状腺癌的5年随访结果分析

目的：探讨甲状腺全切除术在治疗分化性甲状腺癌中的临床应用价值。方法：采用我院1988年1月～2001年5月甲状腺全切除术或甲状腺侧叶切除加峡部切除术治疗分化性甲状腺癌125例,对其手术并发症发生、局部复发、转移情况及术后5年生存率进行回顾性对比分析。结果：甲状腺全切除术术后并发症发生率高于甲状腺侧叶切除加峡部切除术组;局部复发、转移率低于侧叶切除加峡部切除术组;5年生存率两组无显著性差异。结论：甲状腺全切除术是治疗甲状腺癌有效的手术方式,但应掌握手术指征,改进、提高手术技术,减少并发症。     

调节血脂:来自心脏病学者的经验

本刊2009年第1期重点为:调脂治疗.目前以3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A(HMG-CoA)还原酶抑制药即他汀类药物为代表的调脂治疗,已被公认为心脑血管疾病的常规治疗方法;它们通过抑制体内胆固醇合成途径而降低血清胆固醇水平.     

Lipid extract from completely sporoderm‐broken germinating Ganoderma sinensis spores elicits potent antitumor immune responses in human macrophages

Ganoderma sinensis has been used widely in Oriental countries for the prevention and treatment of various diseases including cancer. Previous studies have shown that the lipid extract from Ganoderma exhibits direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Here, it is reported that the lipid extract from germinating G. sinensis spores, at lower concentrations that have no direct tumoricidal activity, induce potent antitumor immune responses in human monocytes/macrophages. Upon stimulation with the lipid extract, monocytes/macrophages exhibited markedly increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and surface expression of costimulatory molecules. Conditioned medium from stimulated cells effectively suppressed the growth of tumor cells. Apparently, the lipid extract triggered macrophage activation via a mechanism different from that associated with LPS. Moreover, it was observed that the lipid extract could partially re‐establish the antitumor activity of the immunosuppressive tumor‐associated macrophages. These results indicated that in addition to its direct tumoricidal activity, the lipid extract from G. sinensis spores could exert antitumor activity by stimulating the activation of human monocytes/macrophages. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

维生素D受体基因多态性与汉族人群慢性牙周炎易感性的关系

目的 探讨维生素D受体(VDR)基因多态性与汉族人群慢性牙周炎(CP)易感性的关系。方法 收集汉族轻、中、重度CP患者共166例及80名无牙周炎对照者的颊黏膜拭子，以Chelex-100法提取DNA，采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法测定VDR BsmI、VDR ApaI和VDR TaqI的基因型，分析组间基因型分布和等位基因频率的差异。结果 轻、中、重度CP患者中VDR ApaI等位基因A携带者明显多于对照组，重度CP与中度CP、重度CP与轻度CP患者间VDR ApaI基因型的分布差异均有统计学意义，中度CP与轻度CP患者间VDR ApaI基因型分布差异无统计学意义，而VDR BsmI、TaqI位点的基因型分布在患者组和对照组间差异无统计学意义。结论 VDR ApaI等位基因A可能与汉族人群CP的易感性有关。     

Elimination of malignant clonogenic cells from human bone marrow using multiple myeloid cell-specific monoclonal antibodies and complement.

Single or combined monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) Zh53, Zh820, and Zh2-1 have been used to eliminate malignant clonogenic cells from human bone marrow. The test of cytotoxicity showed that all of these McAbs could express high specific cytotoxic action against HL-60 cells and were selectively complement-dependent cytotoxic to various types of fresh leukemic cells. Clonogenic assay detected that single treatment with antibody and rabbit complement (RC) could reduce clonogenic units of HL-60 cells by more than 2 logs and two treatments reduced clonogenic units by more than 4 logs. However, combination of 2 McAbs could reduce clonogenic units by 4-5 logs. The data suggest that multiple treatments with McAbs and RC or a combination of 2 McAbs are more effective than a single treatment in eliminating clonogenic tumor cells. Treatment of normal human bone marrow with Zh53, Zh2-1 and RC did not produce a loss of normal CFU-GM, but treatment with Zh820 reduced the clonic units of normal CFU-GM by 24%.

     

生物瓣膜失功能原因分析

目的对植入人体内1年以上损坏的生物瓣膜作损坏原因的临床分析。方法1993年6月至2004年6月,共41例(47只)生物瓣膜失功能病人行再次手术换瓣。两次换瓣间隔时间1~16年,平均(9.7±4.1)年。对失功能生物瓣膜进行标本观察及病理学检测。结果47只带支架生物瓣膜中,瓣架无一损坏,42只瓣膜发生瓣叶撕裂或穿孔,35只有不同程度的钙化现象,且在瓣环表面和瓣脚周围有纤维组织增生,2只瓣膜有赘生物及血栓形成;47只生物瓣膜中损坏较重的瓣膜送病理学检查发现大量吞噬细胞和单核细胞浸润。结论生物瓣膜早期损坏以破损撕裂为主,晚期以钙化和破损撕裂等多种因素的复合病损结果出现。     

MK-801对围生期缺氧缺血性损伤后脑细胞线粒体膜电势的影响

目的了解围生期缺氧缺血性脑损伤(HIBD)后脑细胞线粒体膜电势(△ψm)的变化及NMDA型谷氨酸受体拮抗剂MK-801对这一变化的影响.方法应用7日龄新生SD大鼠HIBD动物模型,将实验动物分为正常对照组(n=6),HIBD组(n=10)和HIBD+MK-801组(n=10)(MK-801于低氧处理前按0.3mg/kg剂量腹腔注射).于缺氧缺血后立即断头处死动物,制成脑细胞悬液后,以罗丹明123(Rho123)标记、以流式细胞仪测定△ψm的变化.结果围产期HIBD时双侧脑细胞△ψm值均显著降低,差异具有显著性(P＜0.05),以损伤侧(右侧)为甚,右侧脑细胞△ψm由正常状态下的(18.93±0.74)MFL降至损伤后的(7.59±0.32)MFL,右左△ψm比值由正常状态下的1.06±0.05降至损伤后的0.80±0.06(降低了24.5%),差异具有显著性(P＜0.05).结论HIBD后脑细胞△ψm明显降低,提示线粒体功能明显受损;MK-801可减轻这一变化,提示NMDA型谷氨酸受体拮抗剂可通过减轻线粒体功能受损程度治疗围产期缺氧缺血性脑损伤.     

纳米血管生成素-2小干扰RNA质粒制备及功能研究

[目的]制备血管生成素-2小干扰RNA(Ang-2siRNA)质粒纳米微粒,并观察其基因转染能力和基因沉默效果.[方法]应用分子克隆的方法构建Ang-2siRNA质粒,将其与聚乳酸、O羧甲基壳聚糖用水/油/水(W/O/W)双乳化溶剂蒸发法制备纳米微球,扫描电镜观察其形态和粒径.然后转染原代人脐带静脉内皮细胞,观察纳米Ang-2siRNA微粒干扰Ang-2基因表达的效果及其细胞保护功能.[结果]扫描电镜观察到Ang2siRNA纳米微球呈球形和椭球形,粒径150～200 nm,大小分布均匀,包封完整,分散性良好.有较强转基因能力,良好的RNA干扰效果和血管内皮细胞保护功能.[结论]成功制备纳米Ang-2siRNA微粒,并证实其载基因能力和RNA干扰效果,对血管内皮细胞损伤因素有良好保护作用,为进一步研究心肌梗死的血管修复机制奠定了坚实的基础.     

对我院护士继续教育学分未达标的原因分析及对策

应用继续医学教育管理系统对我院2004年度护士学分进行审核,从继续教育管理、参加人员的认识水平、工学矛盾对学习的影响等方面分析34名护士学分未达标的原因,制定并加强政策宣传,提高认识水平;完善规章制度,加大管理力度;对上网学习者提供指导,避免错误操作;拓宽学习渠道,缓解工学矛盾等管理措施,以提高护士继续教育学分达标率.     

MMP-2和COX-2蛋白在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达

目的探讨基质金属蛋白酶-2（matrix metalloproteinase-2，MMP-2）和环氧合酶-2（cyclooxygenase．2，COX．2）蛋白在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达与意义。方法应用免疫组化SP方法检测80例非小细胞肺癌组织中MMP-2，COX-2的表达。结果MMP2及COX-2的阳性率分别为31．25％、41．25％。MMP-2及COX-2蛋白表达与临床病理因素无相关性。MMP2和COX-2的阳性表达之间无相关性。结论MMP2及COX-2参与非小细胞肺癌的发生，然而它们也许并不能作为重要的预后指标。