Mature cardiac myocyte hamartoma in the right atrium

During coronary artery bypass grafting in a 58-year-old man, a mass was discovered incidentally in the right atrium, measuring 1.5 x 1 x 0.5 cm. It was composed of disorganized hypertrophic mature cardiac myocytes, and associated with focal fibrosis, mature adipocytes, and mild lymphocytic infiltration in peripheral areas, indicative of cardiac hamartoma. This type of hamartoma has been rarely reported as an isolated mass in the right atrium.     

Multiple genotypes of the merozoite surface proteins 1 and 2 in Plasmodium falciparum infections in a hypoendemic area in Iran

In Iran, malaria transmission mainly occurs in south-eastern regions through both Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax. The genetic diversity of P. falciparum isolates was analysed in 108 patients attending the regional hospital in Chabahar District, using the molecular markers msp1 and msp2. Multiple genotypes were detected in 87% of patients and the mean numbers of msp1 and msp2 genotypes were 2.51 (95% CI: 2.29-2.73) and 2.61 (95% CI: 2.39-2.83) respectively. Various allelic types of msp1 and msp2 were found, with msp2 3D7/IC type detected in 94% of infections. Plasmodium falciparum infections in south-east Iran appear to have a higher genetic diversity than expected for an area of low transmission. A situation of higher transmission in this area may be emerging, possibly because of reduced efficacy of first-line treatments.     

24-hour in-hospital mortality predictions in coronary artery bypass grafting patients

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that can help predict risk of mortality in the first 24 h of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), because mortality within a few hours of surgery is a disastrous event for surgeons and the patient's family. METHODS: The study population consisted of 120 in-hospital mortality cases (1.07%) from 11,183 patients who underwent CABG from February 2002 to February 2006 by the same group of surgeons in a referral center. One group consisted of 40/120 (about 33.3%) patients who died during the first 24 h after surgery. The second group consisted of 80/120 patients (66.7%) who died between the 2(nd) and 30(th) day postoperatively. A set of data was gathered from the surgery database of the hospital and analyzed in a univariate model. RESULTS: Among the studied variables, only the following factors proved to be significant: previous percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), previous cerebrovascular accident (CVA), cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP) time, and postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) (p 相似文献   

Extended anterior nasal packing in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma

This is the case study of 16 patients in which postoperatively after complete removal of tumors, the bleeding did not stop with anterior and posterior nasal packing. In all those cases extended anterior nasal pack was applied during the surgery after the complete removal of tumor and bleeding stopped effectively.     

Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Deficiency in Infants with Neonatal Cholestasis

Objective

Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD) is the most important indication for liver transplantation in children. The gene frequencies vary in different ethnic groups. In the present study, we attempt to determine the frequencies of the most common defective alleles, Z and S, in Iranian children suffering from idiopathic neonatal cholestasis. Eighty-seven infants were typed for Z and S alleles.

Methods

In a single center study, 87 consecutive liver biopsies from infants with cholestasis were reviewed and patients with neonatal cholestasis enrolled in the study and cases with confirmed biliary tract atresia excluded. Formalin fixed paraffin embedded blocks were used for DNA extraction. AAT genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and amplification of the two most common deficiency variants, S and Z alleles, and then sequencing of PCR products.

Findings

There were 48 (55.2%) males and 39 (44.8%) females, with a median age of 60 days. Out of 87 of the study subject, 2 (2.2%) were heterozygous for the S allele, and no ZZ, SS or MZ individual was found in the patients. No other polymorphism was found in the sequencing results.

Conclusion

In comparison to other populations, AAT deficiency seems not to be an important etiologic factor for neonatal cholestatic liver disease in Iran; however, further studies are recommended to estimate the true mutant gene frequencies.     

Nonopioid nature of the pressor effect of FMRF-amide

The effect of the peptide FMRFa on arterial pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate is examined in anesthetized rats. It is demonstrated that the effect of FMRFa is similar to that of epinephrine and is characterized by transient hypertension against the background of bradycardia and decreased respiratory rate followed by hypotensive phase. Opiate antagonists and agonists do not modify the effect of FMRFa. Pressor effect of FMRFa is inhibited by Aminazine and is abolished by dihydroergotamine, while clopheline, reserpine, propranolol, Dimedrol, and adrenalectomy have no appreciable effect on it. It is suggested that the effects of FMRFa are realized via vascular adrenoreceptors. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 11, pp. 513–515, November, 1997     

Laser surgery in the conservative management of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasms

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The increase finding of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VaIN) in young women has led to the need to develop personalized conservative treatment. The authors studied the use of CO2 laser in the treatment of VaIN, evaluating the efficacy, repeatability, complications and the conservation of sexual function. METHODS: A total of 37 consecutive patients with histologically demonstrated VaIN (10 VaIN 1, 14 VaIN 2 and 13 VaIN 3): mean age 45.3 years, 37.8% aged < 35 years, 20/37 in childbearing age; VaIN was isolated in two patients, synchronous in 22 and in 13 cases it was metachronous with other intraepithelial or invasive genital neoplasia. 30/37 patients were treated with laser surgery as outpatients for a total of 41 operations (37 vaporisations and four excisions) using colposcopic guided CO2 laser with a constant emission power of 35 watts or 30 watts in the pulsed mode, under local anaesthesia, following the application of 5% acetic acid. RESULTS: Twenty-one (87.5%) of the 24 patients evaluated at 12 months were negative after one (16 patients) or more treatments (from 2 to 5 in 5 patients). Following the second recidivation, one elderly patient preferred traditional demolitive surgery; 2 patients are still awaiting further laser surgery. Five patients with multifocal lesions associated topical treatment with 5-fluorouracil. None of the sexually active patients complained of dyspareunias after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Given the lack of other equally effective treatment and with the aim of preserving genital integrity, the authors regard laser surgery as the elective treatment for VaIN 2 and 3.