Diagnostic and therapeutic evaluation of 111In-vinorelbine-liposomes in a human colorectal carcinoma HT-29/luc-bearing animal model

Colorectal carcinoma is a highly prevalent and common cause of cancer in Taiwan. There is still no available cure for this malignant disease. To address this issue, we applied the multimodality of molecular imaging to explore the efficacy of diagnostic and therapeutic nanoradiopharmaceuticals in an animal model of human colorectal adenocarcinoma [colorectal cancer (CRC)] that stably expresses luciferase (luc) as a reporter. In this study, an in vivo therapeutic efficacy evaluation of dual-nanoliposome (100 nm in diameter) encaged vinorelbine (VNB) and (111)In-oxine on HT-29/luc mouse xenografts was carried out. HT-29/luc tumor cells were transplanted subcutaneously into male SCID mice. Multimodality of molecular imaging approaches including bioluminescence imaging (BLI), gamma scintigraphy, whole-body autoradiography (WBAR) and in vivo tumor growth tracing, histopathology and biochemistry/hematology analyses were applied on xenografted SCID mice to study the treatments with 6% polyethylene glycol (PEG) of (111)In-NanoX/VNB-liposomes. In vivo tumor growth tracing and BLI showed that tumor volume could be completely inhibited by the combination therapy with (111)In-VNB-liposomes and by chemotherapy with NanoX/VNB-liposomes (i.e., without Indium-111) (P<.01). The nuclear medicine images of gamma scintigraphy and WBAR also revealed the conspicuous inhibition of tumor growth by the combination therapy with (111)In-VNB-liposomes. Animal body weights, histopathology and biochemistry/hematology analyses were used to confirm the safety and feasibility of radiopharmaceuticals. A synergistic therapeutic effect on CRC xenografted SCID mice was proven by combining an Auger electron-emitting radioisotope (Indium-111) with an anticancer drug (VNB). This study further demonstrates the beneficial potential applications of multimodality molecular imaging as part of the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches available for the evaluation of new drugs and other strategic approaches to disease treatment.     

减体重对女子举重运动员运动能力的影响及营养干预的效果

目的探讨在运动训练中的慢速减体重、赛前快速降体重和赛前体能恢复期间实施营养学干预对运动员减重后运动能力的影响.方法12名女子举重运动员随机分成实验组和对照组,每组6人.实验组和对照组运动员进行统一的运动训练并采用等同能量的饮食.实验组减重期间服用减重棒、维生素和电解质等运动营养食品,在减重后的恢复期服用快速能量补充制剂和维生素电解质强化运动营养补充;对照组服用相应的安慰剂.分别在减重前后对两组对象进行有氧能力和无氧能力测试.运动员在减重实验前与实验期间填写饥饿度自评表.结果实验组运动员体重从实验前的67.4±14.2 kg下降到快速减重后的64.6±14.1 kg,对照组从67.4±15.5 kg下降到64.3±15.4 kg.实验组在快速减重后的恢复阶段,6分钟乳酸稳态实验后即刻血乳酸浓度、心率以及主观疲劳评分显著低于对照组.两组在慢减期后、快减期后和恢复阶段,30秒Wingate测试单位体重的最大功率、平均功率和最小功率均无显著性差异,但实验组在快速恢复第1天和第3天单位体重的最大功率显著高于实验前.结论科学地减少饮食热量摄入能够按照既定的目标减轻体重;快速能量补充制剂和维生素、电解质的复合补充制剂能够明显促进运动员减体重后身体快速恢复,保持无氧能力和有氧能力;以魔芋为主要成分的减重棒能明显减轻减体重期间的饥饿感.     

The effect of vascular endothelial growth factor on the healing of ischaemic skin wounds.

The effect of exogenous vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) on wound healing in an ischaemic skin flap model was evaluated in this study. Seventy-two Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Normal incisional wound and H-shaped double flaps were used as the wound models. The study was divided into two parts. In Part I, VEGF protein levels were determined from the incisional and H-shaped ischaemic wounds at 12 and 24 h, postoperatively. In Part II, tensile strength and immunohistochemical stains were examined to determine the level of microvessel density (MVD) at 1 and 2 weeks, postoperatively in simple incisional wounds, ischaemic wounds, and ischaemic wounds following 1 ml (1 microg/ml) exogenous VEGF injections into the subcutaneous tissue. The results showed a significantly higher level of VEGF protein in the ischaemic wounds than the incisional wounds. Tensile strength was statistically higher in the incisional wound group and in the ischaemic flap wounds with VEGF treatment compared to the ischaemic flaps with no treatment at 1 week, postoperatively (p>0.05). MVD data indicated that ischaemic wound repair with VEGF treatment had significantly higher MVD than the normal incisional wounds and ischaemic wounds without treatment. We conclude that exogenous application of VEGF can increase early angiogenesis and tensile strength in the ischaemic wound.     

椎间融合器治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱症

目的 观察Cage椎间融合器治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱症的近期疗效。方法 应用Cage椎间融合器治疗Ⅰ～Ⅱ度腰椎滑脱症41例，按Meyerding分度，Ⅰ度滑脱25例，Ⅱ度滑脱16例。经前路31例，经后路10例。仅置入1个Cage6例，其中前路4例，后路2例；其余均置入2个Cage。结果 手术前后X线片测量，见病椎有69％～100％(平均83％)的复位，其中15例完全复位。其中32例术后获得10～36个月、平均17个月随访，全部骨性融合，26例症状完全消失，优良率为81．3％。结论 Ⅰ～Ⅱ度的腰椎滑脱症均可应用Cage椎间融合器治疗。     

腹腔镜治疗急性胆囊炎145例分析

目的 评价腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)治疗急性胆囊炎的安全性及可行性。方法回顾分析1994年～2000年LC治疗急性胆囊炎145例。结果本组急诊行LC，手术时间：30min～130min，平均68min。术后并发症5例，2例为胆囊动脉出血，均再次腹腔镜下止血成功；1例胆漏，1例大网膜损伤出血，再次开腹手术完成；1例肝下脓肿，经抗炎治疗痊愈。一次手术成功率96．6％(140／145)。结论急性胆囊炎发作1天～3天内，B超提示胆囊壁厚≤5mm，急诊胆囊切除术能在腹腔镜下完成。     

A new experimental inbred Wistar rat varicocele model: anatomy of the left spermatic vein and the effect on histology

Because of venous anatomical differences between rats and humans and the personal interpretation of these differences, there is neither consistent animal prototype nor consistent results in the study of varicocele. We established a new substrain of Wistar inbred rats, of which the left testis vein has no significant branches to the common iliac vein up pampiniform plexus, but instead enters the left renal vein directly (similar to humans) and used them to create experimental varicocele model by partial ligation of the left renal vein. One month later, the predominant lesion of the left testis in induced group was spermatogenic arrest at the spermatid and preliminary spermatocyte phases, and considerable interstitial and Sertoli cell vacuolation. The right testis also showed spermatogenic arrest. Most important, the characteristics of the lesions differed in both testes, with the left testis having more severe lesions. Allowing for the unique anatomy of the left spermatic vein, the standard of the surgical procedure, the high rate of varicocele induction, and identical histological alteration as occurs in humans, we believe that this inbred Wistar rat substrain is suitable for the creation of an experimental varicocele model, which has promise for practical application in humans.     

全麻诱导期间发生室颤复苏成功一例

患者，女、52岁，体重70千克，因右侧颌下腺肿物拟行肿物切除术。自诉既往无高血压、心脏病史。查体右侧颌下有一2×3cm肿物，与气管无粘连，不影响通气。ECG示：窦性心律，电轴左偏-28度。其他化验检查均呈阴性。术前1日测BP150/90mmHg，术前30分钟肌注鲁米那钠200mg，阿托品0.5mg。入手术室测BP180/95mmHg，     

Th1 polarization in murine IgA nephropathy directed by bone marrow-derived cells

IgA nephropathy is the most common form of progressive glomerulonephritis although the pathophysiology of this nephropathy is unclear. The ddY mouse is a spontaneous animal model with variable incidence and extent of glomerular injury mimicking human IgA nephropathy. Here, we transplanted bone marrow cells from 20-week-old ddY mice with beginning or quiescent IgA nephropathy into irradiated similar ddY mice, C57Bl/6 (Th1 prone) mice, or BALB/c (Th2 prone) mice. Serum IgA/IgG complex and Th1/Th2 polarization of spleen cells was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmed by fluorescent cytometric analysis. The ddY mice with commencing IgA nephropathy demonstrated strong polarization toward Th1, while those with quiescent disease were Th2 polarized. Serum levels of IgA/IgG2a immune complex significantly correlated with the severity of the glomerular lesions. Bone marrow taken from mice with commencing IgA nephropathy conferred IgA nephropathy with Th1 polarization in recipient-quiescent mice, while transplantation from the quiescent mice ablated glomerular injury and mesangial IgA/IgG deposition in those commencing IgA disease. However, adoptive transfer of CD4(+) T cells from those whose disease began failed to induce any IgA deposition or renal injury. Our study suggests that bone marrow cells, presuming IgA producing cells, may initiate this disease. Th1 cells may be involved in the pathophysiology of the disease after glomerular IgA deposition.     

A comparison of polysomnography and the WatchPAT in the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea.

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to validate the WatchPAT in the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a prospective, blinded, nonrandomized clinical trial. METHODS: Patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea scheduled for an overnight level I polysomnogram were offered enrollment in a study to compare the WatchPAT (Itamar Ltd, Israel) device with polysomnography. Patients wore the WatchPAT device simultaneously while undergoing polysomnography during evaluation in the sleep lab. RESULTS: Thirty-seven patients participated in the study. They had a mean age of 50.1 years (range, 31-73 years) and mean body mass index of 34.6 kg/m(2) (range, 21.2-46.8 kg/m(2)). There was high correlation between the polysomnogram and WatchPAT apnea-hypopnea index (r = 0.9288; 95% confidence interval = 0.8579-0.9650, P < 0.0001). The lowest oxygen saturation also showed high correlation (r = 0.989; 95% confidence interval = 0.9773-0.9947, P < 0.0001). The overall polysomnogram and WatchPAT sleep times revealed a correlation of r = 0.5815 (P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: The WatchPAT showed a high correlation with the polysomnogram in apnea-hypopnea index, lowest oxygen saturation, and sleep time. SIGNIFICANCE: It's use as a reliable tool in the diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.