胃癌全胃切除术后消化道重建方式的选择

目的：探讨全胃切除术后较理想的消化道重建方式。方法：对近6年来122例施行全胃切除术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。全胃切除后消化道重建分别采用全胃切除术后消化道重建Orr式Roux-en-Y食管空肠吻合术、P型空肠袢食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术和远端空肠反口贮袋的Roux-en-Y食管空肠吻合术。结果：3种术式在食后烧灼感、进食量、进食次数、体重下降、倾倒综合征、血红蛋白、白蛋白等指标的比较，无明显差异（均P>0.05）。P型空肠袢食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术组所用手术时间显著多于Orr组及反口组（P<0.05）。反口组的贮袋大小及半排空时间显著优于Orr组及P袢组（P<0.05）。结论：远端空肠反口贮袋的Roux-en-Y吻合术是一种值得推荐的新型全胃切除术后消化道重建方法。     

创伤后迟发性脑肿胀的临床特点与治疗

目的 探讨创伤后迟发性脑肿胀的临床特点、发病机制与治疗。方法 回顾性分析1998年1月～2005年6月年收治的17例迟发性脑肿胀患者的临床特点和救治情况。结果 所有颅脑损伤患者采用保守治疗后均有好转，但于伤后5-10d出现恶化，CT复查有脑肿胀，经加强综合脱水等治疗后16例治愈，1例死亡。结论 迟发性脑肿胀好发于对冲性额、颞叶挫裂伤伴明显蛛网膜下腔出血、硬膜下薄层血肿及早期CT有脑肿胀者。其发病机制可能与创伤后的迟发性脑血管痉挛、微循环障碍、静脉回流障碍及甘露醇作用下降等因素有关。此类患者病情隐蔽性强，应加强观察、积极行CT复查，如能早期明确诊断，保守治疗多数效果良好。     

实验性大鼠大脑皮层梗死后继发丘脑损害与DNA氧化损伤

目的观察大鼠大脑皮层梗死后丘脑腹后外侧核(ventroposterior nucleus of the thalamus,VPN)的继发性损害是否有DNA氧化损伤,并研究抗氧化剂依布硒啉(ebselen,EB)对这种远隔部位损伤是否具有改善作用。方法采用易卒中型肾血管性高血压大鼠(stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rats,RHRSP),建立大脑中动脉皮层支闭塞(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)模型后分为:①假手术组,②模型组,③溶剂组,④抗氧化剂EB10mg.kg-1组,⑤抗氧化剂EB30mg.kg-1组,每组5只大鼠。2周后行肢体运动神经功能评估并取VPN后行尼氏染色,免疫组化检测VPN的8-羟基-2-脱氧马苷(8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine,8-ohdG)表达。结果EB10mg.kg-1组和EB30mg.kg-1组神经功能评分优于假手术组(1.80±0.56,1.72±0.48vs2.28±0.33,P<0.05)。尼氏染色可见假手术组同侧VPN细胞形态规整。而梗死同侧VPN神经细胞出现细胞体积变小,胞核固缩,尼氏体退变为萎缩的深色细胞。EB30mg.kg-1组尼氏染色观察到改善作用。溶剂组同侧VPN的8-ohdG阳性细胞数目(0.1mm2)显著增加(146.8±12.1vs108.4±19.2,P<0.05);与溶剂组相比,EB10mg.kg-1组和EB30mg.kg-1组阳性细胞数目显著下降(123.6±14.7,123.4±17.4vs146.8±12.1,P<0.05)。结论实验性大脑皮层梗死后2周,同侧VPN存在DNA氧化性损伤。抗氧化剂EB对VPN的DNA氧化损伤有抑制作用,并可改善神经功能。     

Retardation of pain development: a case of recovery from congenital insensitivity to pain

Congenital analgesia is a rare genetic disorder. We report here that a 12-year-old boy was able to recover from congenital insensitivity to pain. Neurological examinations revealed that there was a 'stocking' distribution of pain decrement on the lower extremities under the patient's knee joints. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of his brain showed gyrus thinning with sulcus widening at both sides of the parietal lobe. Southern blot hybridization probed with cDNAs of various opioid receptors did not detect any significant abnormality. Our results suggest that this rare case may not be genetically determined.     

试论新世纪初期医院综合院力评价

作者阐述了医院综合院力的内涵与提出背景，提出了新世纪初期综合院力的评价内容体系，即一级评价内容7项，二级评价内容39项，三级评价内容15l项，并就各指标评价内容进行了讨论分析。     

具有骨诱导活性的仿生骨基质材料的制备

目的将一种具有与骨形态发生蛋白2相似骨诱导活性的多肽p24共价结合于改性聚（丙交酯-co-乙交酯）基质材料上，以制备出具有骨诱导活性的仿生骨基质材料。方法将活性多肽p24通过交联剂共价结合于改性PLGA材料上作为实验组；以未加交联剂多肽溶液和材料简单混合反应为对照组，通过X射线光电子光谱法和扫描电镜检测交联情况；同时对两组材料进行钙离子吸附实验，初步评价其仿生矿化能力。结果XPS检测结果表明，实验组及对照组材料表面均已结合硫元素，两者含有硫元素含量分别为1.50％及0.09％；钙离子吸附实验结果表明，12h及24h时实验组材料的钙离子吸附量分别为0，126mg及0．231mg；12h及24h时对照组材料的钙离子吸附量分别为0．053、0．102mg。多肽交联之材料较混合之材料的钙离子吸附能力显著增强。结论在改性PLGA三嵌段材料上固定了BMP2活性多肽，为以后发挥其骨诱导活性修复骨缺损奠定了良好基础。     

影响急性外份性硬脑膜外血肿疗效的相关因素分析（附484例报告）

目的探讨影响急性外伤性硬脑膜外血肿疗效的相关因素。方法对1994年5月至2004年5月收治的484例外伤性硬脑膜外血肿患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果无脑疝症状者手术死亡率7.7%,有脑疝症状者死亡率21.3%。手术距脑疝发生时间<1h死亡率8.2%,1～2h死亡率40.0%,>2h死亡率72.2%。结论影响外伤性硬脑膜外血肿疗效的相关因素较多,除脑疝形成及手术距脑疝发生的时间外,创伤性低血压、合并脑损伤的程度、呼吸功能不全、大面积脑梗塞、血糖与血浆渗透压升高及肝功能异常等均对患者预后有重要影响。     

阴茎离断与再植术术式的问题探讨(附1例报告)

目的 :探讨阴茎再植术 ,只吻合尿道和海绵体再植法与一并吻合阴茎动脉、静脉和神经再植法。方法 :报告 1例阴茎离断病例 ,应用只吻合尿道和海绵体方法再植成功。回顾分析近 2 0年阴茎离断再植术 3 5例。结果 :3 5例病例中 ,16例行只吻合海绵体及尿道再植法 ,15例再植成功。有勃起功能 13例 ,9例皮肤感觉存在 ,7例尿道狭窄 ,2例尿漏 ,皮肤缺损 6例。 18例一并吻合阴茎动脉、静脉或 \和神经再植术 ,全部再植成功。 16例有勃起功能 ,皮肤感觉存在 15例 ,2例尿道狭窄 ,尿漏 2例 ,皮肤缺损 8例。结论 :只吻合尿道、阴茎海绵体的再植方法可以再植成功。但有条件者 ,尽量使用一并吻合背动脉、静脉和神经再植法 ,提高再植成功率及阴茎感觉存在率。     

Effect of autocontrol micromotion intramedullary interlocking nail on fracture healing： an experimental study

Objective: To investigate the effect of autocontrol micromotion locking nail ( AMLN ) on experimental fracture healing and its mechanism. Methods: 16 goats undergoing both sides of transverse osteotomy of the femoral shafts were fixed intramedullary with AMLN and Gross-Kempf (GK) nail, respectively. The follow-up time was 7, 14, 28 and 56 days. Roentgenographic, biomechanical, histological, scanning electromicroscopic and biochemical analyses were done. Results: (1) The strength of anticompression, antiflexion and antitorsion in the fractural end in the AMLN-fixed group was higher than that of GK nail-fixed group; whereas, the rate of stress shelter in the fractured end decreased significantly (P<0.01). (2) The content of the total collagen, insoluble collagen, calcium and phosphate in the AMLN-fixed group was higher than that in the GK nail-fixed group (P<0.05). (3) Histological observation and quantitative analysis of calluses revealed that AMLN could promote the growth of bridge calluses and periosteum calluses. Hence the facture healing and remolding process achieved early, which was much better than traditional GK nail fixation. (P<0.05). (4) 7-14 days postoperation, the calluses of AMLN-fixed group was flourish and camellarly arranged and the collagen fibril formed constantly in the absorption lacuna of bone trabecula. 28-56 days postoperation, the collagen fibril was flourish around the absorption lacuna and was parallel to the bone's longitudinal axis. Active bony absorption and formation were seen, so was remolding and rebuilding. Haversian system was intact and the bony structural net was very tenacious because of the deposition of calcium salt. None of the above findings was observed in the GK nailfixed group. Conclusions: The design of AMLN accords well with the plastic fixation theory. As the geometry ametabolic system constituted by the intramedullary fixation instruments and the proximal and distal end of the fracture is very firm and stable, the disturbance to the physical stress distributed in the fractural end is light. The generation and conduct of the intermittent physical stress between the fractural parts could reach the balance between stress conduct and stress protection. The feature that the healing and remolding take place at the same time speeds up the fractural healing process.     

基于网络环境下的教学设备管理信息系统

本文介绍了教学设备网络管理系统模型及其技术指标、软硬件环境、功能、程序设计和主要特点。