Endothelial cell loss due to repeated traumatic wound dehiscence after penetrating keratoplasty

A patient with keratoconus suffered two traumatic ruptures of her corneal graft wound, both of which were successfully repaired with restoration of graft clarity. There were also two apparently unrelated episodes of rejection. The endothelium was monitored by specular microscopy during this period. Our findings suggest that the insult to a transplanted cornea from an episode of rejection may be greater than that from traumatic wound rupture.     

Use of Telemetered Electrograms in the Assessment of Normal Pacemaker Function

The facility of direct real-time endocardial electrogram recording offered by newer pacemaker models can be helpful in the assessment of normal pacemaker function. Confirmation of the main hallmarks of sensing (amplitude, slew rate, and timing of the electrogram) can be achieved. Assessment of pacing capture also can be made; techniques for further analysis using external signal averaging can enhance this. The measurement of atrial and ventricular electrograms by telemetry has led to alterations in the protocol used at implantation to allow for the input impedance of the sensing circuit of the pacemaker. Accurate measurements of retrograde VA conduction times and confirmation of normal upper rate limit behavior of ODD pacemakers can be achieved simply and reliably using telemetered electrograms from the permanent pacemaker system.     

Cellular infiltrates in the target organs associated with acute graft-versus-host disease

Acute graft-versus-host disease (AGVHD) has been one of the major obstacles in successful bone marrow transplantation for many years. The histologic manifestations of AGVHD have been well defined but much less is known about the cellular infiltrates in the target organs during AGVHD, the structure of the inflammation is different in different target organs and is not necessarily similar to classical allograft rejection. This review covers, in addition to the histologic approach, the cytologic and functional approaches to the AGVHD associated with inflammatory cells.     

Expulsive hemorrhage in cataract extraction

This article reports on six cases of massive expulsive hemorrhage during intracapsular cataract extraction (incidence = 0.17%). Some of the known risk factors are old age, hypertony, glaucoma, and an insufficient decrease in intraocular pressure following oculopression prior to surgery. Drainage of the suprachoroidal hemorrhage, closure of the wound and reformation of the anterior chamber are necessary surgical interventions. In one case the treated eye was saved and a visual acuity of 0.1 achieved.     

Cast-brace treatment of ankle sprains

Forty-two severely sprained ankles treated by a cast-brace have been reviewed. This method was devised to avoid the disadvantages of immobilization. Diagnosis was based on the history and clinical signs. Strain films were taken in 31 patients but it is submitted that this investigation may be misleading unless general anaesthesia is used. The results of the treatment by cast-brace compare favourably with those by other methods and it is considered that patients were able to return to sport in a shorter time.     

Ultrasonically guided fine-needle biopsy in focal intrahepatic lesions: six years' experience

We report the results of 322 ultrasonically guided percutaneous fine-needle biopsies of focal intrahepatic lesions. The technique is original in several respects; it is an aspiration of both the lesion and normal-looking liver, and it includes both cytology and histology when the tiny cores are obtained. Cytology included Papanicolaou and Giemsa staining and other special staining when necessary. Sensitivity was 88.6% and specificity was 100% in the diagnosis of malignancy. Out of 141 metastases, 14 false negatives, 5 misclassifications, and 122 correct diagnoses were obtained. Out of 69 hepatomas the correct diagnosis of malignancy was made in 63 patients and of these the correct classification in 49. Complications occurred in six patients and marked hemorrhage in four. This technique is a simple, accurate, safe method for the diagnosis of focal intrahepatic lesions.     

The limits of bioaccumulation of organic pigments in fish: their relation to the partition coefficient and the solubility in water and octanol

A reliable experimental determination of the partition coefficient Pow of organic pigments is met with serious difficulties due to the extremely low water solubilities of these compounds. Therefore, the Pow values and the water solubilities were calculated for 11 typical organic pigments and some disperse dyes as well. The calculated Pow values of the pigments were very high predicting bioaccumulation factors (BF) several orders of magnitude above 100. Based on recent studies confirming that n-octanol simulates lipids in their solubilizing effect on organic chemicals, the solubilities of these organic pigments in n-octanol were measured in order to estimate their potential for lipid storage. The very low solubility values indicate that in spite of the very high predicted BF such pigments cannot build up concentrations in lipids (hence in fish) which could be of concern considering their generally low toxicity and the extremely small amounts entering the environment. Therefore, there should be no need to perform a fish bioaccumulation test for assessing the bioaccumulation potential of such compounds, provided they show comparable solubility characteristics as the pigments investigated in this study.     

紫外线照射后哺乳动物细胞DNA的期外合成

本实验用~3H-TdR掺入,液体闪烁测量法测定细胞DNA期外合成的方法,测定了小鼠和大鼠的肠淋巴结细胞、人和大鼠外周血淋巴细胞、S-180V肿瘤细胞等经紫外线照射后的UDS,观察到UDS掺入量随辐照度增加而增加。在同一辐照剂量下,以小鼠肠淋巴结细胞的UDS值最高,其次是人外周血淋巴细胞和S-180V肿瘤细胞,而大鼠外周血淋巴细胞和肠淋巴结细胞最低。