华北地区矿物药资源种类与分布文献研究

目的：调查分析华北地区（北京市、天津市、山西省、河北省、内蒙古自治区）矿物药资源种类及分布现状。方法：通过文献调研方式对华北地区矿物药资源进行研究,并对所得数据进行总结与分析。结果：中华人民共和国成立以来出版的矿物药专著记载华北地区分布的矿物药有94种;《中华本草》《中药大辞典》及《中药资源志要》记载华北地区分布的矿物药有66种;已发表学术论文或地方志中记载华北地区分布的矿物药共53种;华北地区各省、市、县、区政府官网记载药用矿产资源34种,矿物药37种;分布于华北地区的矿物药共112种。结论：基本查清了华北地区矿物药资源种类分布情况,可为华北地区矿物药资源深入研究开发提供参考。     

Survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest,Viet Nam: multicentre prospective cohort study

ObjectiveTo investigate factors associated with survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Viet Nam.MethodsWe did a multicentre prospective observational study of people (> 18 years) presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (not caused by trauma) to three tertiary hospitals in Viet Nam from February 2014 to December 2018. We collected data on characteristics, management and outcomes of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and compared these data by type of transportation to hospital and survival to hospital admission. We assessed factors associated with survival to admission to and discharge from hospital using logistic regression analysis.FindingsOf 590 eligible people with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, 440 (74.6%) were male and the mean age was 56.1 years (standard deviation: 17.2). Only 24.2% (143/590) of these people survived to hospital admission and 14.1% (83/590) survived to hospital discharge. Most cardiac arrests (67.8%; 400/590) occurred at home, 79.4% (444/559) were witnessed by bystanders and 22.3% (124/555) were given cardiopulmonary resuscitation by a bystander. Only 8.6% (51/590) of the people were taken to hospital by the emergency medical services and 32.2% (49/152) received pre-hospital defibrillation. Pre-hospital defibrillation (odds ratio, OR: 3.90; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.54–9.90) and return of spontaneous circulation in the emergency department (OR: 2.89; 95% CI: 1.03–8.12) were associated with survival to hospital admission. Hypothermia therapy during post-resuscitation care was associated with survival to discharge (OR: 5.44; 95% CI: 2.33–12.74).ConclusionImprovements are needed in the emergency medical services in Viet Nam such as increasing bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and public access defibrillation, and improving ambulance and post-resuscitation care.     

武冈市农村地区心脑血管住院病例的时间序列预测分析

目的  建立武冈市农村地区心脑血管疾病（cardio-cerebrovascular disease,CVD）住院病例的预测模型,并对CVD住院病例的变化趋势进行预测分析,为医院合理配置CVD科室医疗资源提供参考依据。 方法  利用Stata 14.0软件对武冈市2013年1月~2016年12月农村地区CVD住院人次月度数据构建季节性自回归移动平均混合模型（seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model,SARIMA）,并对2017年武冈市农村地区CVD住院病例进行预测分析。 结果  通过模型构建最终拟合的CVD住院病例预测模型为SARIMA（2,1,1）x（0,1,0）₁₂。Ljung-Box Q检验结果显示残差序列为白噪音序列（Q=11.12,P=0.680）,说明所建模型拟合度较好,且2017年的预测结果与观测结果基本一致,总体相对误差在-1.2%左右。预测结果显示,夏季为每年CVD住院高峰期。 结论  SARIMA模型可以对武冈市CVD住院病例进行较准确的短期预测,医院可以根据不同月份CVD就医需求合理配置院内CVD科室医疗资源。     

宽筋藤化学成分的研究

目的:研究宽筋藤的化学成分。方法:采用硅胶柱层析、反相硅胶柱层析及半制备HPLC等色谱技术进行分离纯化,采用现代波谱技术鉴定化合物结构。结果:从宽筋藤中分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为:环-(缬-酪)二肽(1)、环-(异亮-丙)二肽(2)、酪氨酸(3)、脯氨酸(4)、苯甲醇-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、4,4′-dimethoxy-3′-hydroxy-7,9′:7,9′-diepoxylignan-3-O-D-glucopyranoside(6)、丁香脂素-4′-O-β-葡萄糖苷(7)、tinosinen(8)、tinosineside B(9)、槲皮素(10)、芦丁(11)、异鼠李素(12)。结论:其中,化合物1～6为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

39例急性氟乙酰胺中毒的临床特点和救治体会

对39例急性氟乙酰胺中毒患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,总结其临床特点和成功的救治经验。     

舒血宁联合脑苷肌肽治疗血管性痴呆的效果观察

目的：观察舒血宁联合脑苷肌肽治疗血管性痴呆患者的疗效。方法将2013年7月~2014年7月本院收集的58例血管性痴呆患者随机分为舒血宁联合脑苷肌肽治疗的观察组和单纯脑苷肌肽治疗的对照组,治疗结束后观察两组患者的临床疗效、MMSE、ADL评分。结果治疗后,观察组有效率为89.66%,高于对照组的72.41%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后两组患者的MMSE、ADL评分均高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的MMSE、ADL评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论舒血宁联合脑苷肌肽治疗血管性痴呆患者,疗效较佳,具有较好的临床推广价值。     

内蒙古2000-2010年动物鼠疫检验结果分析

目的总结分析2000-2010年内蒙古各疫源地动物鼠疫流行特点,为今后监测和防治提供科学依据。方法收集2000-2010年内蒙古鼠疫监测总结和疫情分析报告资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果内蒙古每年均有动物鼠疫流行;在长爪沙鼠和布氏田鼠疫源地检出鼠疫菌,在4个类型疫源地均检出阳性血清;从9种宿主动物、18种媒介昆虫中检出鼠疫菌,8种宿主动物查出阳性血清。结论内蒙古鼠疫自然疫源地动物鼠疫仍十分活跃,宿主类型复杂,应加强监测,防止人间鼠疫的发生。     

Use of the H3 receptor antagonist radioligand [3H]-A-349821 to reveal in vivo receptor occupancy of cognition enhancing H3 receptor antagonists

Background and purpose:

The histamine H₃ receptor antagonist radioligand [³H]-A-349821 was characterized as a radiotracer for assessing in vivo receptor occupancy by H₃ receptor antagonists that affect behaviour. This model was established as an alternative to ex vivo binding methods, for relating antagonist H₃ receptor occupancy to blood levels and efficacy in preclinical models.

Experimental approach:

In vivo cerebral cortical H₃ receptor occupancy by [³H]-A-349821 was determined in rats from differences in [³H]-A-349821 levels in the isolated cortex and cerebellum, a brain region with low levels of H₃ receptors. Comparisons were made to relate antagonist H₃ receptor occupancy to blood levels and efficacy in a preclinical model of cognition, the five-trial inhibitory avoidance response in rat pups.

Key results:

In adult rats, [³H]-A-349821, 1.5 µg·kg⁻¹, penetrated into the brain and cleared more rapidly from cerebellum than cortex; optimally, [³H]-A-349821 levels were twofold higher in the latter. With increasing [³H]-A-349821 doses, cortical H₃ receptor occupancy was saturable with a binding capacity consistent with in vitro binding in cortex membranes. In studies using tracer [³H]-A-349821 doses, ABT-239 and other H₃ receptor antagonists inhibited H₃ receptor occupancy by [³H]-A-349821 in a dose-dependent manner. Blood levels of the antagonists corresponding to H₃ receptor occupancy were consistent with blood levels associated with efficacy in the five-trial inhibitory avoidance response.

Conclusions and implications:

When employed as an occupancy radiotracer, [³H]-A-349821 provided valid measurements of in vivo H₃ receptor occupancy, which may be helpful in guiding and interpreting clinical studies of H₃ receptor antagonists.     

乳腺癌患者血液中几种微量元素含量分析

目的 研究乳腺癌患者血液中微量元素含量的变化。方法 用原子吸收分光光度法分别测定患者和正常对照组各30例血液中微量元素铁、铜、锌的含量，用流动注射氢化物发生原子吸收光谱法测定血清中微量元素硒的含量。结果与正常对照组相比，乳腺癌患者血液中铁为（537．64±164．388）g／L、铜为（2．602±0．291）g／L，含量明显升高，锌为（10．136±3．407）g／L、硒为（65．584±19．745）μg／L，含量明显降低。结论乳腺癌患者血液中儿种微量元素含量均有改变。     

70例肾癌术后放疗临床分析

目的:研究放疗在术后肾癌治疗中的作用.方法:1990年1月-2002年1月70例肾癌患者,其中手术组32例,手术后放疗(放疗组)38例,局部照射每周5次,每次2Gy,总剂量45-55Gy.结果:手术组和放疗组5年生存率分别为:37.5%和63.1%,术后放疗组的5年生存率优于单纯手术组(P<0.05);手术组和放疗组远处转移率分别是80%和76.4%.结论:术后放疗可以提高肾癌5年生存率,远处转移是肾癌治疗失败的主要原因.