组织多普勒成像的应用测量

1 介绍 当前心脏检查中急需解决的问题是无创地用超声心动图客观地、定量地评价心功能。在常规的彩色多普勒成像(CDI)技术基础上发展起来的组织多普勒成像(TDI)技术,让这些成为可能。组织多普勒成像是通过测量心室壁的运动速度来定量评价心功能。它最初是被用来评价缺血性心脏病(心肌梗塞,心绞痛等)的,其主要目的是客观、精确地识别引起心功能减     

Induction of tumor regression by passive transfer of antibody from mice vaccinated with anti-idiotype antibodies resembling a human renal cell carcinoma-associated antigen

We have shown that six different internal image antiidiotype antibodies (Ab2) raised against the combining site of the murine monoclonal antibody G250 (MAbG250; Abl), which specifically reacts with a human renal cell carcinoma (RCC)-associated antigen, induce antigen specific humoral and cellular responses in mice. These six Ab2 can be divided into four mutually exclusive groups: (1) NUH31 and NUH51, (2) NUH44 and NUH82, (3) NUH71, and (4) NUH91. Immunization with NUH82 or NUH91 resulted in Ab3 sera that gave complete protection against tumor challenge. In this study, we tested the antitumor efficacy of NUH82- and NUH91-induced mouse sera (Ab3 sera; Ab3-82 and Ab3-91) in mice with established subcutaneous human RCC xenografts. Mice were treated 3 times per week by intraperitoneal injection of Ab3 sera (0.2 ml) or MAbG250 (250 μg) for 6 weeks. Treatment of NU12 human RCC xenografts of approximately 20 mm(3) expressed as tumor size index (TSI) with NUH-Ab3 sera or MAbG250 resulted in significant tumor growth inhibition compared with tumors treated with Ab3 sera from mice immunized with control immunoglobulin (Ab3-MOPC). In all Ab3-NUH treated mice, tumors stabilized or disappeared completely. In contrast, Ab3-MOPC treatment did not result in any antitumor effects. Tumor remnants in Ab3-NUH treated animals contained viable tumor cells surrounded by infiltrating mouse cells, whereas no infiltration was observed in control tumors. These findings demonstrate that Ab3 sera obtained from NUH82- or NUH91-immunized mice are very effective in eradicating established RCC [i.e., Ab2 vaccination may be able to eradicate (minimal) residual disease in RCC patients].     

Finger bougie method compared with pyloroplasty in the gastric replacement of the esophagus

To elucidate the necessity of pyloroplasty for the gastric tube through the posterior mediastinum in esophageal surgery, gastric emptying and duodenogastric reflux (DGR) were evaluated in 16 cases undergoing an anterior pylorectomy (group P) and in 16 cases treated by the finger bougie method (group F). First, the obstruction and reflux symptoms were examined based on a patient questionnaire using a brief scoring system. The median value of the symptom score showed the patients in P to have more symptoms than those in F; however, the difference was not significant (8.0 vs 6.0). Secondly, the swallowed Tc O₄ ⁻ (85 MBq) was counted using a gamma camera at three sites on the sternal bone in the upright position based on a gastric transit scintigram. Both the descending time of the RI peak and the clearance rates were similar between the two groups. Thirdly, intragastric 24-h pH monitoring was carried out. Antimony pH sensors were anchored 5 and 15 cm below the esophagogastrostomy. We could not find any difference between the two groups in both the % time pH>4 and %time pH>7. These findings thus revealed no big difference between groups P and F. The finger bougie method to drain the vagotomized posterior mediastinal stomach was found to achieve results similar to conventional pyloroplasty, while it was also simpler and safer.     

Quantitative assessment of quality of digitized portal images: receiver operating characteristic analysis applied to imaging in radiation therapy

An objective and quantitative method for the evaluation of the quality of megavoltage portal images was developed by applying receiver operating characteristic analysis. On the basis of therapeutic use of portal images, setup errors were employed as "signals" in this experimental study that compared the original portal films with digitized images. Six readers observed 104 portal images of a chest phantom, half of which were "abnormal" (ie, had setup errors). Digital images (2,048 x 2,048 matrix) were enhanced by means of histogram equalization and then printed with a laser printer for observation. The readers showed a higher discrimination capacity with the digitally enhanced images, although a statistically significant improvement was not demonstrated. The present method of assessment of image quality proved to be both simple and clinically reasonable.     

Nerve distribution to the human knee joint: anatomical and immunohistochemical study

The nerve distribution to the knee joints was analyzed in 5 cadavers and 10 joint capsules specimens were resected during total knee arthroplasty. We found nerve fibers immunoreactive for anti-substance P antibody in the articular capsule. By confocal laser scanning microscopy, we evaluated the three-dimensional structures of the Ruffini's corpuscles and the free nerve endings, both of which were immunoreactive for anti-protein gene product 9.5.     

Exposure to 1-bromopropane causes ovarian dysfunction in rats.

Although 1-bromopropane has been used in chemical and electronic industries as an alternative to ozone layer-depleting solvents, its toxicity on female reproductive organs has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of 1-bromopropane on female reproductive function in rats. Forty female Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups. Each group was exposed daily to 0, 200, 400, or 800 ppm of 1-bromopropane for eight h a day. After exposure for 7 weeks, all rats in the 800-ppm group became seriously ill and were sacrificed during the 8th week. The other dose groups were exposed for 12 weeks. In the 800-ppm group, but not in the other two exposed groups, body weight was significantly less than the control at each time point from 2 to 7 weeks after the beginning of exposure. Tests of vaginal smears showed a significant increase in the number of irregular estrous cycles with extended diestrus in the 400- and 800-ppm groups. Histopathological examination of the ovary showed a significant dose-dependent reduction of the number of normal antral follicles and a decrease in the number of normal growing follicles in the 400-ppm group. No significant change was found in plasma concentrations of LH or FSH in any group when compared with the control. Our results indicate that 1-bromopropane can induce a dose-dependent ovarian dysfunction in nonpregnant female rats associated with disruption in follicular growth process.