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Background
A public health research system is the bedrock of health systems to improve population health, system responsiveness, and equity. An international concern, referred to as the 10/90 gap, is that less than 10% of global funds are devoted to diseases or conditions that account for 90% of the global disease burden, particularly in developing countries. Palestinian health research is progressing, but it is not sufficiently investigated, with a remarkable knowledge gap on its conceptualisation, stewardship, stakeholders, and capacity and resources. The aim of this study was to understand the Palestinian public health research system by investigating challenges related to the system components that need to be strengthened.Methods
The study was done in the Gaza Strip and West Bank in the occupied Palestinian territory between January and July, 2016. We targeted relevant government institutions, academic schools, and large local and international health agencies. Data were collected through 52 in-depth interviews and six focus group discussions with policy makers, academics, and experts. Participants and institutions were selected purposively on the basis of stated criteria and peer review. Data were translated, transcribed, checked, and imported into MAXQDA 12 for thematic and content analysis. Approvals were obtained from The Research Commission of Swiss TPH, “Ethikkommission Nordwest- und Zentralschweiz” (EKNZ) in Switzerland, the Palestinian Ministry of Health, Helsinki Committee, and An-Najah National University in Palestine.Findings
The health research system is not well structured, whereas public health research is promising but probably without regulated national policies. Most experts emphasised that governance is not clearly framed in managing research functions, whereas public health research activities are most likely scattered and individually driven. There is a consensus that the concept of the health research system is misunderstood and that the system is underperforming because of various problems such as resource insufficiency. Research is also not fundamentally at the heart of the political agenda or itemised in central budgets. Besides workforce scarcity with poor incentives and infrastructure, priorities in public health research are inconsistent and efforts are uncoordinated with poor multidisciplinary research. Dissemination and application of the public health research agenda among stakeholders are lacking. The research culture seems to be insufficiently cultivated. The international support to the public health research system is inconspicuous although some initiatives have been successful. The overall environment in the occupied Palestinian territory formed one of obstacles of the public health research system. Precious opportunities are proposed to strengthen public health research system synergistically through best strategies.Interpretation
The occupied Palestinian territory is a fertile place for growth of public health research system activity. Development actions should therefore be taken to get the system materialised by reactivating a unified governance body that cooperatively manages the national policies, capacities, priorities, research utilisation, and application of the public health research system.Funding
The Swiss Federation and Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute. 相似文献103.
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Bryant Lin Paul J. Wang Srijoy Mahapatra Munther Homoud Mark Link N.A. Mark Estes Amin Al‐Ahmad 《Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology》2005,10(2):142-145
Background: Morphologic identification of ectopic P‐waves from surface ECGs can be challenging, particularly when the P‐wave is buried in the QRST wave complex. Because ECGs are often available on paper and not digitally, we developed a method of subtracting the T‐wave from the buried P‐wave complex on paper ECGs. Methods: To validate our system, an atrial extrastimulus was introduced during and following the T‐wave. The ECGs were scanned and then transformed from an image format to a digital format. A computer algorithm digitally subtracted a QRST with no buried P‐wave from one with a buried P‐wave, thus resulting in an extracted P‐wave. The extracted P‐waves were compared to the nonburied P‐wave by determining correlation coefficients and by visual grading by two independent reviewers. Results: Visual grading comparing the buried P‐wave with the exposed paced P‐wave was 94%. The median correlation coefficient was 85%. Conclusions: An ectopic atrial P‐wave obscured by a coincident QRST wave complex can be accurately derived from printed ECG using this PC‐based system. Addition of this technique to the existing methods may aid in the localization and ablation of ectopic atrial foci. 相似文献
105.
Summary In our practice we had constantly been under the impression that most Arab patients with RA tend to have a non-aggressive and rather nondisabling disease. Therefore, the spectrum of RA was studied in 42 hospital patients with classic or definite forms. Their mean age was 41.2 years and the mean duration of illness was 5.25 years. F:M ratio was 3.6:1. Seropositivity and radiological findings were observed in 59.5% and 45.2% of the patients respectively. They showed a marked lack of nonarticular manifestations with insignificant functional incapacity. The over-all assessment appeared to be in agreement with the initial clinical impression. 相似文献
106.
E M Ibrahim J T Anim H Al-Idrissi S Al Mohaya J Al Dossary C S Grant 《Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology》1985,79(2):163-167
In recent years, abdominal tuberculosis has become rare in many countries even where pulmonary tuberculosis still exists. A case of abdominal tuberculosis is described in a young male who presented with non-specific symptoms together with CT scan findings that simulated abdominal lymphoma. Diagnosis was established during abdominal exploration. The frequency of various presenting manifestations of abdominal tuberculosis are discussed. The report emphasizes the need for a high index of suspicion to save patients unnecessary exploratory laparatomy. 相似文献
107.
Summary A 54-year-old female presented with a three-year history of proximal muscle weakness and arthralgia. EMG, muscle enzymes and biopsy and other tests were consistent with idiopathic polymyositis. At a later stage, she developed plaques of morphoea involving the dorsum of hands and forearms. There was no evidence of systemic sclerosis throughout the course of the disease. In our opinion, such association appeared as an unusual overlap syndrome that provided a new constellation of features in connective tissue disease. 相似文献
108.
Israa A. Seliem Siva S. Panda Adel S. Girgis Yosra I. Nagy Riham F. George Walid Fayad Nehmedo G. Fawzy Tarek S. Ibrahim Amany M. M. Al‐Mahmoudy Rajeev Sakhuja Zakaria K. M. Abdel‐samii 《Chemical biology & drug design》2020,95(2):248-259
A series of new fluoroquinolone conjugates 8a–g and 9a–f were synthesized via benzotriazole‐mediated synthetic approach with good yield and purity. Some of the synthesized analogs exhibited significant antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with potency higher than that of the parent drugs through in vitro standard bioassay procedure (conjugates 8c and 8d reveal antimicrobial properties with potency 1.9, 61.9, 20.7 and 2.4, 37.1, 8.3 folds relative to the parent antibiotic 6 against E. coli, S. aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis, respectively). The observed experimental data were supported by enzymatic DNA gyrase inhibitory property. Developed BMLR‐QSAR model validates the observed experimental data and recognizes the parameters responsible for the enhanced antibacterial properties. 相似文献
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