Maraviroc promotes recovery from traumatic brain injury in mice by suppression of neuroinflammation and activation of neurotoxic reactive astrocytes

Neuroinflammation and the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 inflammasome play crucial roles in secondary tissue damage following an initial insult in patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI). Maraviroc, a C-C chemokine receptor type 5 antagonist, has been viewed as a new therapeutic strategy for many neuroinflammatory diseases. We studied the effect of maraviroc on TBI-induced neuroinflammation. A moderate-TBI mouse model was subjected to a controlled cortical impact device. Mara...     

无创机械通气对伴有意识障碍的重症呼吸衰竭患者治疗价值的探讨

目的 探讨无创机械通气抢救伴有意识障碍的重症慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)呼吸衰竭患者的临床疗效.方法 COPD伴意识障碍的重症呼吸衰竭患者42例,使用硅胶面膜口鼻面罩接瑞士Hamilto n公司生产的GALILEO或RAPHAEL急救用呼吸机,采用压力-同步间歇指令通气P-(SIMV)+压力支持通气(PSV)+呼气未正压通气(PEEP)模式进行无创机械通气,同时采取常规抗感染等综合治疗.观察治疗前后生命体征、神志、呼吸肌疲劳程度及血气指标的变化等指标.其中神志评估采用Glasgow昏迷评分(GCS),以辅助呼吸肌评分评价呼吸肌疲劳程度. 结果 42例均成功接受治疗,与人院时(O h)相比,治疗后2 h、6 h及24 h的pH值、二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)、氧和指数即动脉氧分压/吸氧浓度(PaO2/FiO2)均显著改善.24 h后呼吸频率及心率均明显下降,提示患者病情趋于稳定并对治疗较为耐受.平均GCS由(5.69±0.93)分,提高为(10.45±1.23)分(t=31.68,P<0.001),意识状态明显改善.全部患者辅助呼吸肌评分由(3.70±0.45)分降至(2.06±0.52)分(t=31.21,P<0.001),呼吸肌疲劳缓解. 结论 无创机械通气在抢救重症感染及伴有意识障碍的重症COPD呼吸衰竭患者中临床疗效显著.     

转导白细胞介素2基因的B16细胞对机体免疫反应的影响

应用XM6逆转录病毒载体将人IL-2cDNA转入小鼠B16黑色素瘤细胞。丝裂霉素C处理的转染前后B16细胞作为瘤苗对小鼠进行免疫接种。结果显示，接种B16-IL-2细胞可明显排斥再移植黑色素瘤的生长。对脾淋巴细胞检测的结果表明，MLTR引起的淋巴细胞增殖与特异性CTL杀伤活性，以及NK、LAK活性与诱生的IL-2水平几项指标，B16-IL-2细胞免疫组均明显高于B16免疫组及对照组。提示转基因肿瘤细胞在体内分泌IL-2增强了机体的特异性与非特异性免疫功能。     

经肛门闭式修补术加耻骨直肠肌部分切开术治疗直肠前突临床研究

目的:探讨直肠前突型便秘手术治疗的最佳方法.方法:对44例直肠前突型便秘患者采用经肛门闭式修补术(Block's repair,BR)加耻骨直肠肌部分切开术治疗.结果:BR加耻骨直肠肌部分切开术治疗直肠前突型便秘疗效确切,符合排便过程中肛管力学原理,纠正了肛管所受作用力方向,手术创伤小,并发症少,恢复快,无复发.结论:全部病例术后便秘缓解,均获得满意疗效.     

心肌缺血再灌注时内皮细胞损伤功能改变与心肌梗塞面积的关系

目的旨在探讨内皮细胞损伤、功能改变在心肌缺血再灌注（ＭＩＲ）损伤中的发病机制及其与心肌梗塞面积的关系及卡托普利的保护作用。方法用２４只麻醉兔随机分为三组，（１）ＭＩＲ组，（２）ＭＩＲ＋卡托普利治疗组，（３）假手术对照组，观察心肌缺血半小时，再灌注０．５、１．５、６小时血循环内皮细胞（ＣＥＣ），一氧化氮（ＮＯ），内皮素（ＥＴ）的含量变化及其与心肌梗塞面积的关系，静注卡托普利观察其对梗塞面积及上述指标的影响。结果（１）与假手术组比较，再灌注半小时，血ＮＯ下降，ＥＴ升高，其变化于再灌注６小时最明显（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＣＥＣ则以再灌注１．５小时明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０５）；（２）再灌注６小时心肌梗塞范围较治疗组明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０５），且同一时相点血ＮＯ与心肌梗塞面积呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．９６１，Ｐ＜０．０１），血ＥＴ与心肌梗塞面积呈正相关（ｒ＝０．９２３，Ｐ＜０．０５）；（３）用卡托普利干预后，血ＮＯ有所回升，ＥＴ明显下降，心肌梗塞面积明显缩小。结论ＭＩＲ可诱发内皮功能紊乱，而内皮功能紊乱是再灌注心肌损伤加重的始动因素     

Release of sulfur mustard-modified DNA bases by Escherichia coli 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase II

The toxic effects of sulfur mustard have been attributed toDNA modification with the formation of 7-hydroxyethyl-thioethylguanine, 3-hydroxyethylthioethyl adenine and the cross-link,di-(2-guanin-7-yl-ethyl)sulfide. To investigate the action ofbacterial 3-methyladenine DNA glycosylase II (Gly II) on theseadducts, calf thymus DNA was modified with [¹⁴C]sulfur mustardand used as a substrate for Gly II. Gly II releases both 3-hydroxyethylthioethyladenine and 7-hydroxyethylthioethyl guanine from this substrate.In comparison with the activity of Gly II towards methylatedDNA, 3-hydroxyethylthioethyl adenine is released somewhat moreslowly than 3-methyladenine, while 7-hydroxyethylthioethyl guanineis released much more readily than 7-methylguanine. Glycosylaseaction may play a role in protecting cells from the toxic effectsof sulfur mustard.