医用几丁糖凝胶预防输卵管复通后的粘连

背景：近年来随着微创技术的普及，输卵管介入复通治疗输卵管阻塞已较普遍，但患者术后粘连仍是困扰临床医生的一大难题。 目的：总结近年来医用几丁糖凝胶预防输卵管再通术后粘连的应用现状。 方法：由第一作者检索1998-02/2011-02万方数据库，以“医用几丁糖凝胶；腹腔镜；治疗；输卵管妊娠”等为检索词，检索几丁糖在输卵管介入再通术中预防术后粘连方面的文献。排除重复研究或较陈旧文献。共保留相关文献30篇进行分析。 结果与结论：医用几丁糖是一种具有良好生物相容性、生物可降解性、生物学活性的医用高分子多糖类物质。其具有广谱抑菌作用，选择性促进上皮细胞、内皮细胞生长而抑制成纤维细胞生长的生物学特性，从而促进组织生理性修复，促进切口迅速修复，抑制瘢痕形成，减少组织粘连，具有润滑、生物屏障作用，能有效的阻止粘连发生，促进输卵管功能的恢复，为再次妊娠打下基础。     

结核性胸膜炎胸液中纤维蛋白原含量对胸膜肥厚及粘连形成的影响

目的　探讨结核性渗出性胸膜炎胸腔积液纤维蛋白原含量与胸膜肥厚、粘连的关系。方法117例初治结核性渗出性胸膜炎患者按胸腔积液纤维蛋白原含量从低到高分为A、B、C 3组 ,治疗过程中和治疗后测定胸膜厚度 ,评估胸膜粘连发生率。结果 治疗过程中胸膜厚度 :A组与B组比较 (t=2 .5 7,P<0.05 )有显著性差异 ,A组与C组比较 (t=7.15 ,P<0 .0 1)有显著差异性 ,B组与C组比较 (t=2.46 ,P<0 .0 5 )有显著性差异 ;胸膜粘连发生率 :A组与B组比较 (χ²=3.5 1,P>0.05 )无显著性差异 ,A组与C组比较 (χ²=9.87,P<0 .01)有显著性差异 ,B组与C组比较 (χ²=4 .5 1,P<0 .0 5 )有显著性差异。治疗结束时胸膜厚度 :A组与B组比较 (t=1.4 5 ,P>0 .0 5 )无显著性差异 ,A组与C组比较 (t=3.4 6 ,P<0.01)有显著性差异 ,B组与C组比较 (t=2 .89,P<0 .0 1)有显著性差异 ;胸膜粘连发生率 :A组与B组比较 (χ²=0 .10 ,P>0 .0 5 )无显著性差异 ,A组与C组比较 (χ²=4 .36 ,P<0.05)有显著性差异 ,B组与C组比较 (χ²=7.4 9,P<0 .0 1)有显著性差异。结论 胸液纤维蛋白原含量可影响胸膜肥厚度与胸膜粘连发生率。     

支气管腔内放疗治疗肺癌的疗效

目的：探讨支气管腔内后装近距离腔内放疗的方法、剂量和疗效。方法：用导丝导入法行支气管腔内放疗，可达亚段支气管。参考点20mm，单次剂量6-7GY，5-7日/间隔，2-4次/人。治疗中央型肺癌（均侵犯支气管）76例212人次。结果：病灶消失22例，缩小39例，稳定12例，进展3例，总有效率85.5％。起效时间均短于3周。结论：支气管腔内后装放疗是治疗腔内肿瘤及缓解伴随症状的有效方法。疗效及起效优于外照射和化疗。对复治患者仍然有效。     

硫代葡萄糖苷及异硫氰酸酯的抗癌和抗氧化作用进展

目的为硫代葡萄糖苷及异硫氰酸酯的合理利用、功能性保健产品开发和抗癌辅助药物的研制提供依据。方法归纳总结近10年硫代葡萄糖苷和异硫氰酸酯的文献,对其在植物体的分布、理化性质、抗癌和抗氧化机制等方面进行详细阐述。结果硫代葡萄糖苷及其水解产物异硫氰酸酯具有良好的抗癌和抗氧化活性,可以预防和治疗多种癌症,对于由空气污染引发的呼吸系统及肺部疾病也具有良好的疗效;硫代葡萄糖苷及异硫氰酸酯可以清除血管和机体的自由基,保护心脑血管,延缓衰老。结论硫代葡萄糖苷及异硫氰酸酯开发成功能性保健产品和抗癌辅助药具有广阔的市场前景。     

Chinese herbal compounds containing scorpion in the treatment of epilepsy: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Epilepsy is 1 of the common neurodevelopmental diseases. It can affect about 0.5% to 1.0% of the population regardless of their race and social class. Despite the development of a wide range of treatments, there remaining about one-third of patients still experience seizures. Chinese herbal compounds containing scorpion (CHCCS) have shown an outstanding curative effect on nerve protection and epilepsy. But there''s no study to assess its clinical efficacy and safety.Methods:Each data of CHCCS in treating epilepsy from related English and Chinese databases will be searched. The primary outcome is the efficacy of the CHCCS on epilepsy. And the secondary outcomes include recurrence rate and side effects. The risk of bias will be assessed, and RevMan5.3 and Stata14.0 will be performed for meta-analysis. Finally, we will assess the level of the resulting evidence.Results:The results of the study will be combined with current evidence and published in a peer-reviewed journal.Conclusions:This study will specifically investigate the effectiveness and safety of CHCCS in treating epilepsy.INPLASY registration number:INPLASY202120056.     

The meta-analysis of the effect of 68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT diagnosis of prostatic cancer compared with bone scan

Background:⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-PET/CT (positron emission tomography/computed tomography) is a promising method for prostate cancer (PC) detection. However, the ability of ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-PET/CT to detect malignant bone lesions, and whether this method is superior to the existing bone imaging methods are still lack of systematic analysis.Purpose:To evaluate the value of ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-PET/CT and bone scan in clinical diagnosis of prostatic cancer from the perspective of evidence-based medicine.Methods:PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Springer Link, Sinomed, CNKI, Wanfang database, and CQVIP database were searched to find the satisfactory studies that needed systematic review of trials and compared the value of 68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT and bone scan. All studies published from inception to March 31, 2020. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 2 reviewers independently evaluated and extracted the literature. Review Manager 5.3 was applied to evaluate the included literature quality. The heterogeneity of the included literature was tested by Meta Disc 1.4, and the effect model was selected according to the heterogeneity test results, and the sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), PLR, NLR and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were analyzed. After testing the heterogeneity results of literature by using the 95% confidence interval and the forest map.Results:A total of 4 studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis, which included 318 patients, 120 cases with bone metastasis and 198 cases without bone metastasis. The results of summary evaluation for ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-PET/CT and bone scan in diagnosis of prostatic cancer as follow respectively: The SEN were 0.97 and 0.86; the SPE were 1.00 and 0.87; the DOR were 1468.33 and 36.23; PLR were 88.45 and 6.67; NLR were 0.05 and 0.19; and the area under curve (AUC) and 95% CI were 0.9973 (1.0000–0.9927) and 0.8838 (0.9584–0.8092).Conclusion:By comparing the diagnostic results of ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-PET/CT and bone scan imaging diagnosis methods, the ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA-PET/CT has a higher SEN and SPE than bone scan, and it has a higher diagnostic efficiency for prostate cancer bone metastasis, which is worthy of clinical application.     

The exosome of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM1) protein: A potential risking star in high blood pressure patients (HBPP)

A number of studies have demonstrated that exosomes were involved in important physiological and pathological processes through cell-to-cell communication in cardiovascular disease, which contained nucleic acids, proteins, and lipid contents. In our study, we found that the protein platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM1) was an extracellular vesicle in the blood of high blood pressure patients (HBPP).Isolated the vesicles from the blood of HBPP and health examiners and detected its size and morphology with nanoparticle tracking analysis, then we identified its surface protein CD63, CD81, and the protein expression of PECAM1 in the exosome with western blot. Furthermore, we analyzed the correlation between the expression of PECAM1 and the high blood degree with linear regression analysis.Our results showed that the morphology of extracellular vesicles was more evident in high blood pressure groups than healthy controls, and the protein expression of PECAM1 was also abundant in the vesicles of HBPP, however, there were no extracellular vesicles in the blood samples of healthy controls. Besides, linear regression showed the linear correlation coefficient R = 0.901, P < .01 between the expression of PECAM1 and the systolic blood pressure of the high blood patients. Therefore, the exosome of protein of PECAM1 was a potential risking star in HBPP.     

CHA2DS2-VASc score predicts the slow flow/no-reflow phenomenon in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with multivessel disease undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention

ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with multivessel disease (MVD) have a higher incidence of slow-flow/no-reflow (SF-NR) phenomenon during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) than those with single vessel disease. Currently, no effective tools exist to predict the risk of SF-NR in this population. The present study aimed to evaluate whether CHA₂DS₂-VASc score can be used as a simple tool to predict this risk.This study consecutively included STEMI patients hospitalized in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2005 to January 2015. Among these patients, 1032 patients with MVD were finally enrolled. Patients were divided into SF-NR (+) group and SF-NR (–) group according to whether SF-NR occurred during PPCI. SF-NR was defined as the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) grade ≤2.There were 134 patients (13%) in the SF-NR (+) group. Compared with the SF-NR (–) group, patients in the SF-NR (+) group are elder, with lower left ventricular ejection fraction and higher CHA₂DS₂-VASc score. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that CHA₂DS₂-VASc score ≥3 (odds ratio [OR], 2.148; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.389–3.320; P = .001), current smoking (OR, 1.814; 95% CI, 1.19–2.764; P = .006), atrial fibrillation (OR, 2.892; 95% CI, 1.138–7.350; P = .03), complete revascularization (OR, 2.307; 95% CI, 1.202–4.429; P = .01), and total length of stents ≥40 mm (OR, 1.482; 95% CI, 1.011–2.172; P = .04) were independent risk factors of SF-NR. The incidence of SF-NR in patients with CHA₂DS₂-VASc score ≥3 was 1.7 times higher than that in patients with CHA₂DS₂-VASc score <3. Additionally, patients with CHA₂DS₂-VASc score ≥3 plus ≥2 risk factors have 3 times higher incidence of SF-NR than those with CHA₂DS₂-VASc score ≥3 plus 0 to 1 risk factor.CHA₂DS₂-VASc score ≥3 can be used as a simple and sensitive indicator to predict SF-NR phenomenon and guide the PPCI strategy in STEMI patients with MVD.     

GATA3基因变异导致甲状旁腺功能减退症患者的临床特征和分子机制

目的分析GATA3基因变异导致甲状旁腺功能减退症(hypoparathyroidism, HP)患者的临床特点及分子机制。方法在1975年至2020年间于北京协和医院内分泌科随诊并行靶向基因捕获联合二代测序的198例未成年人(≤18岁)起病的非手术性HP患者中筛查到5例GATA3基因致病/可疑致病性变异, 回顾性收集分析其临床资料, 并对基因检测结果进行生物信息学分析。结果 5例患者HP的起病年龄为0.5(0.1, 1.3)岁, 发病至诊断为HP和甲状旁腺功能减退-耳聋-肾发育不良(hypoparathyroidism-deafness-renal dysplasia, HDR)综合征的时间分别为(7.0±5.2)年和(15.0±5.4)年。临床表现为手足搐搦伴癫痫样发作、颅内钙化各5例, 白内障1例, 听力减退4例, 肾脏畸形或缺如2例。治疗前血钙和血甲状旁腺激素(PTH)分别为(1.65±0.31)mmol/L和(4.64±2.63)ng/L。5例患者GATA3基因的杂合变异, 分别引起无义突变、移码突变和剪接位点突变, 经Clin Var数据库预测及美国医学遗传学和基因组学学会(...     

Myositis-specific autoantibodies and their clinical associations in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: results from a cohort from China

Clinical Rheumatology - The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) in a cohort of Chinese patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies...