5-氟-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃的合成

对氟苯酚经溴化制得的邻溴对氟苯酚,与1,2-二氯乙烷反应制得2-(2-溴-4-氟苯氧基)氯乙烷,再经格氏反应制得5-氟-2,3-二氢苯并呋喃,总收率79%.     

单眼一退一缩术式矫正集合不足型间歇性外斜视短期效果分析

目的：观察一退一缩术式对集合不足型间歇性外斜视的效果和术后回退程度。

方法：对45例集合不足型间歇性外斜视患者由同一术者进行单眼一退一缩术式后,检查术后1d,2wk的斜视度,并进行统计分析。

结果：集合不足型间歇性外斜视患者45例进行单眼一退一缩术式后,术后1d,视远平均过矫8.27±7.17PD,视近平均过矫2.40±8.86PD,术后2wk视远平均欠矫1.18±6.98PD,视近平均欠矫4.36±7.83PD。术后2wk内,视远平均回退9.45±6.40PD,视近平均回退6.77±7.92PD。视远及视近回退呈正相关。术后2wk视远视近斜视度差异(3.18±5.60PD)较术前(7.65±6.55PD)明显减小,两者呈正相关。

结论：集合不足型间歇性外斜视患者适合一退一缩术式,适当加大内直肌手术量可减少术后远近斜视度的差异,且不改变患者内外直肌的张力状态。术后视远视近回退呈同步状态,视远约回退10PD,术后近期过矫10PD可有利于远期正位。     

边防海岛战士心理健康状况及人格特征与应对方式的研究

目的了解边防海岛战士的心理健康状况,人格特征及应对方式的关系。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)和简易应对方式问卷对960名边防海岛战士进行心理测试,了解他们心理健康状况,人格特征和应对方式特点及其影响因素。结果(1)边防海岛战士SCL-90各因子分均显著高于军人常模;(2)边防海岛战士应对方式与心理健康状况密切相关,积极应对方式与SCL-90某些因子相关,消极应对方式与SCL-90各因子均呈显著正相关(P<0.01);(3)边防海岛战士在面对应激时所采取的应对方式与人格特征密切相关,消极应对方式与人格问卷中的P分(精神质)和N分(神经质)有显著或高度显著正相关(P<0.01),积极应对方式与人格问卷中的P分(精神质)呈负相关,和E分(内外向)呈正相关。结论边防海岛战士心理健康状况差于军人总体水平,人格特征及应对方式对心理健康水平有较大影响。     

应对方式的干预对边防海岛军人心理健康的影响

目的通过改变边防海岛军人的应对方式来提高他们的心理健康水平,提高部队的战斗力。方法运用多种形式组合的综合心理干预对边防海岛军人的应对方式进行干预,选用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、简易应对方式量表对边防海岛军人行心理测量。结果采取综合心理干预的边防海岛军人的症状自评量表(SCL-90)各项因子分均低于未采取综合心理干预的边防海岛军人(P<0.01),与未采取综合心理干预的边防海岛军人相比较,采取综合心理干预的边防海岛军人更多地采取积极的应对方式(P<0.01)。结论通过综合心理干预,让边防海岛军人更多地采取积极的应对方式对待生活和对抗应激,对提高和维护边防海岛军人的心理健康水平,确保部队的战斗力具有积极的意义。     

Contribution Ratio Assessment of Process Parameters on Robotic Milling Performance

Robotic milling has broad application prospects in many processing fields. However, the milling performance of a robot in a certain posture, such as in face milling or grooving tasks, is extremely sensitive to process parameters due to the influence of the serial structure of the robot system. Improper process parameters are prone to produce machining defects such as low surface quality. These deficiencies substantially decrease the further application development of robotic milling. Therefore, this paper selected a certain posture and carried out the robotic flat-end milling experiments on a 7075-T651 high-strength aeronautical aluminum alloy under dry conditions. Milling load, surface quality and vibration were selected to assess the influence of process parameters like milling depth, spindle speed and feed rate on the milling performance. Most notably, the contribution ratio based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was introduced to statistically investigate the relation between parameters and milling performance. The obtained results show that milling depth is highly significant in milling load, which had a contribution ratio of 69.25%. Milling depth is also highly significant in vibration, which had a contribution ratio of 51.41% in the X direction, 41.42% in the Y direction and 75.97% in the Z direction. Moreover, the spindle speed is highly significant in surface roughness, which had a contribution ratio of 48.02%. This present study aims to quantitatively evaluate the influence of key process parameters on robotic milling performance, which helps to select reasonable milling parameters and improve the milling performance of the robot system. It is beneficial to give full play to the advantages of robots and present more possibilities of robot applications in machining and manufacturing.     

药品检验机构实验室安全手册编写探讨

目的:为药品检验机构实验室安全手册编写及贯彻执行提供建设性意见.方法:突出强调编写实验室安全手册的目的与意义,阐述编写的基本原则,详细分析手册的框架和内容,并提出助推手册执行的措施与建议.结果 与结论:秉持"以人为本"的宗旨,建立适合本单位实际情况的实验室安全手册,从使用者的角度提出做好自身防护的措施,明确安全操作规范...     

浮针配合电针治疗中风偏瘫痉挛状态疗效观察

目的：观察浮针配合电针治疗中风偏瘫痉挛状态的临床疗效。方法：将 120 例中风偏瘫肢体痉挛患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组 60 例。治疗组采用浮针配合电针治疗,对照组采用单纯电针治疗。分别于治疗前、治疗 30 d 后采用 Ashworth 量表评定肢体痉挛状态,采用简化 Fugl-Meyer 运动功能评分法评定肢体运动功能,采用改良 Barthel 指数（Barthel Index, BI）评定日常生活能力（Activity of Daily Living,ADL）。结果：治疗后,治疗组 Ashworth 评分、Fugl-Meyer 运动功能评分、BI 评分均明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）。浮针配合电针可明显缓解偏瘫肢体的痉挛并且优于对照组。结论：浮针配合电针可有效地缓解脑卒中偏瘫的痉挛状态。     

刺络拔罐法对减低中风后上肢肌张力增高的临床研究

目的　观察刺络拔罐法对脑血管意外患者肌张力增高的改善情况。方法　将已出现肌张力增高的脑血管意外患者6 2例 ,随机分为刺络拔罐组 31例、对照组 31例。结果　刺络拔罐组在治疗后的肌张力较治疗前有显著降低 (P<0 .0 0 1) ,并且疗效优于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　刺络拔罐法可显著改善脑血管意外患者肌张力增高的情况。     

Regulation of PPAR-γ activity in lipid-laden hepatocytes affects macrophage polarization and inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

BACKGROUNDLipid metabolism disorder and inflammatory-immune activation are vital triggers in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Various studies have shown that PPAR-γ exerts potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. However, little is known about the regulation of PPAR-γ activity in modulating cell crosstalk in NAFLD.AIMTo investigate whether the regulation of PPAR-γ activity in lipid-laden hepatocytes affects macrophage polarization and inflammation.METHODSPrimary hepatocytes were isolated from wild-type C57BL6/J mice or hepatocyte-specific PPAR-γ knockout mice and incubated with free fatty acids (FFAs). Macrophages were incubated with conditioned medium (CM) from lipid-laden hepatocytes with or without a PPAR-γ agonist. Wild-type C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat (HF) diet and administered rosiglitazone.RESULTSPrimary hepatocytes exhibited significant lipid deposition and increased ROS production after incubation with FFAs. CM from lipid-laden hepatocytes promoted macrophage polarization to the M1 type and activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. A PPAR-γ agonist ameliorated oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in lipid-laden hepatocytes and subsequently prevented M1 macrophage polarization. Hepatocyte-specific PPAR-γ deficiency aggravated oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in lipid-laden hepatocytes, which further promoted M1 macrophage polarization. Rosiglitazone administration improved oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in HF diet-induced NAFLD mice in vivo.CONCLUSIONUpregulation of PPAR-γ activity in hepatocytes alleviated NAFLD by modulating the crosstalk between hepatocytes and macrophages via the reactive oxygen species-NLRP3-IL-1β pathway.