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51.
Follistatin and activin A in extra-embryonic coelomic and amniotic fluids and maternal serum in early pregnancy 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Riley SC; Balfour C; Wathen NC; Chard T; Evans LW; Groome NP; Wallace EM 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(9):2624-2628
Follistatin is a specific binding protein which controls bioavailability of
activins and inhibins which have an important role in fetal development. In
the first trimester of pregnancy bioactive dimeric inhibins are found at
high concentrations in the extra- embryonic coelomic fluid, but the
distribution of follistatin and activins is not known. We have used
recently developed immunoassays for follistatin, activin A and activin AB
to determine their presence in the intrauterine compartments during early
pregnancy. Follistatin was present in highest concentrations in the
extra-embryonic coelomic fluid (11.72 +/- 1.70 ng/ml; median +/- SEM), with
less in maternal serum (6.35 +/- 4.58) and lowest amounts in amniotic fluid
(0.97 +/- 0.52). Follistatin concentrations in extra-embryonic coelomic
fluid were highly correlated with both dimeric inhibin isoforms. Activin A
was present in only barely detectable amounts in some samples of extra-
embryonic coelomic fluid (41% of samples) and maternal serum (26%) and was
undetectable in all amniotic fluid samples. Activin AB was undetectable in
all compartments. The presence of follistatin in the amniotic and
extra-embryonic coelomic fluids may regulate the availability of bioactive
activins and inhibins which are released into the intrauterine compartments
during the development of the fetus and placenta in early pregnancy.
相似文献
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53.
Sudharsanam M Balasubramaniam J Krishnakumar Thattiparthi Stephen Rashmi Gaur NC Appavoo 《Indian Journal of Community Medicine》2011,36(2):124-127
Background:
The outbreak of Chikungunya in India started during December 2005 with more than 11,00,000 cases. Many cases with symptoms suggestive of Chikungunya reported to our urban health-training centre. Hence this study was done to estimate the prevalence of Chikungunya, to study the common treatment-seeking behavior, control measures and the sequalae of Chikungunya by follow-up.Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was done in Anagaputhur an urban field practice area of our college. The study was done on a sample selected by systematic random sampling. Any person with fever and joint pain, with an onset from 1 August 2006 to 31 August 2006, were enrolled as cases. The cases were followed up after three months.Results:
Chikungunya prevalence in the community was 22.3%; 52% of them were females and 56% of cases were in the 15-44 years age group. Median duration of acute phase was three days. Ninety-one percent of them had multiple joints’ involvement. Seventy-eight percent sought treatment from the private sector. Sixty-seven percent reported artificial collections of water around their household and 44% complained of mosquito problems during the day. Eighty-eight percent used mosquito repellents for personal protection. On follow-up 95% of them had residual joint pain, 43% had residual joint swelling and 11% had disabilities with median duration of 30 days.Conclusions:
Prevalence of Chikungunya was 22.3%, predominantly affecting the age group of 15-44 years and females. The private sector was commonly sought for treatment. Entomological survey indicated Aedes breeding. Eleven percent had disabilities due to the sequelae. 相似文献54.
55.
56.
Background
Third world breast cancer is characterized by late presentation, occurrence at relatively young ages and dismal mortality. This poor outcome has encouraged patients to patronize quacks and alternative healers. Public control measures have targeted mainly public education and provision of screening facilities. Recent reports from the developed world indicate a high association with obesity, tobacco and alcohol, habits which though not currently very popular in the third world are nevertheless increasingly accepted.Methods
A prospective study initiated in 1985 for all breast cancer patients attending 4 hospitals located in the Eastern Nigeria heartland where the author practiced. On attendance to hospital detailed epidemiological data including social habits were collected from patients.Results
Reports from our first series [1987–97] showed some improvement in terms of earlier presentation compared to a historical control of earlier reports from the sub-region. Reports from the present study showed that this improvement has not been maintained probably as a result of diversion of public health campaign finances to HIV/AIDS. However there is an increasing mean age of presentation due to a higher representation of above 70 years age group and a significant reduction in parity. Alcohol intake and smoking have remained at low levels among the patients.Conclusion
There is need to take another look at cancer public health campaign mechanisms in the face of competing demands from HIV. Public control measures should include among others teaching of Breast Self Examination [BSE] to patients, Clinical Breast Examination [CBE] to health workers and opportunistic CBE to all patients. Strenuous efforts should be made to break the vicious cycle of late presentation, poor treatment outcome and reluctance of patients to present to health facilities because of poor outcome. 相似文献57.
Homozygous deletions of the p16 tumor-suppressor gene are associated with lymphoid transformation of chronic myeloid leukemia 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:12
The p16 gene, also referred to as MTS1, INK4, CDK4I, or CDKN2, at chromosome 9p21 has recently been described as a tumor suppressor that may be involved in a wide range of tumors. We have used a semiquantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay to search for deletions of the p16 gene in 34 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis (CML BC), 19 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 25 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Homozygous deletions of p16 exons were found in 5 of 10 (50%) patients with CML in lymphoid BC and in 5 (26%) ALL patients, but in only 1 (2%) case with AML. No deletions were found in CML BC of nonlymphoid phenotype. Comparison of chronic phase DNA or remission DNA with acute leukemia DNA in 5 individuals showed that the p16 deletions were acquired and not inherited, directly implicating these lesions in the pathogenesis of the disease. We conclude that functional elimination of the p16 gene, or a closely mapping gene, is involved in a significant number of patients with CML in lymphoid transformation. 相似文献
58.
NC Mkandawire 《Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi》2003,15(1):14-16
I report a case of ankylosing spondylitis in a Malawian patient. I believe this is the first reported case of ankylosing spondylitis in a Malawian. Ankylosing spondylitis is rare in black Africans when compared with the Caucasian population. The clinical features of this disease are also different in these different racial groups. I will present a brief clinical history and a review of ankylosing spondylitis with special reference to the black African. 相似文献
59.
60.
C Killowe NC Mkandawire 《Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi》2005,17(1):9-11
A study was conducted among football players and team doctors in the football super league in Malawi to determine the level of knowledge, skills and attitude in sports medicine. One hundred football players and thirteen team doctors were involved in the study. Standardised questionnaires were used to collect data in an interview format. Among the players 37% had completed tertiary education and 60% had finished secondary school education. Most players had poor knowledge on prevention of injuries; had poor advice on diet; used illicit drugs or knew of fellow players using illicit drugs and believed in the role of magic in sports. All 13 team ‘doctors’ worked full-time in paramedical fields: 3 were orthopaedic clinical officers, 2 were physiotherapists and the rest were in various fields, such as dental technician, pharmacy assistant, medical assistant and dermatology technician, where trauma is not part of their basic training. Most team “doctors” were aware of the impact of HIV/AIDS on sports but few had good knowledge of the role of nutrition in sports and the effect of performance enhancing drugs in sports. Most believed in the role of magic in sports. Recommendations are made on the basis of these findings. 相似文献