Effects of butachlor on reproduction and hormone levels in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Butachlor, a chloracetamide herbicide, is widely used in China. In the present study, paired adult male and female zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to various concentrations of butachlor (0, 25, 50 and 100 μg/L) for 30 days, and the effects on reproduction and endocrine disruption were evaluated using fecundity, condition factor (CF), gonadosomatic index (GSI), liver somatic index (LSI), plasma vitellogenin (VTG), sex steroids and thyroid hormone levels as endpoints. Our results showed that the mean fecundity rates were significantly decreased at 50 and 100 μg/L butachlor during the 30-day exposure period. At the end of the exposure period, no significant changes were observed in CF and LSI in both females and males, while GSI was significantly reduced in males at 50 and 100 μg/L butachlor. At 100 μg/L butachlor, plasma testosterone (T) and 17β-estradiol (E2) levels were significantly decreased in females, while plasma VTG level was significantly increased in males. Plasma thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels were significantly increased at 50 and 100 μg/L butachlor in males, and at 100 μg/L in females. This work demonstrated that butachlor adversely affected the normal reproductive success of zebrafish, and disrupted the thyroid and sex steroid endocrine systems, which provides the basis for the estimated ecological risk during butachlor exposure.     

香菇多糖结构修饰研究进展

目的　对香菇多糖化学结构的修饰方法及其生物活性进行系统总结。方法　通过查阅近年来中英文相关文献,对香菇多糖已经报道的化学结构修饰方法及修饰后的生物活性进行了系统分析,总结阶段性进展。结果　香菇多糖结构修饰方法有化学修饰,包括硫酸化、羧甲基化、磷酸化及与金属离子螯合法等,物理修饰和生物修饰法等。不同的修饰方法对香菇多糖的生物活性有较大的影响。结论　结构修饰及其药理活性的深入研究仍是香菇多糖一个重要的研究方向。     

Differences in clinical characteristics and liver injury between suspected and confirmed COVID-19 patients in Jingzhou,Hubei Province of China

To evaluate the clinical characteristics and liver injury in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and analyze the differences between suspected and confirmed COVID-19 patients, this retrospective study was performed on 157 COVID-19 patients and 93 suspected patients who were ultimately excluded from COVID-19 (control patients). Differences in clinical characteristics and liver injury between suspected and confirmed COVID-19 patients were analyzed. Age, male sex, fever, chest tightness and dyspnea were related to the severity of COVID-19. C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer may be predictors of the severity of COVID-19. Computed tomography (CT) played an important role in the screening of COVID-19 and the evaluation of disease severity. Multiple factors may cause liver injury in COVID-19 patients. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may be more likely to cause liver injury than common respiratory infectious diseases. Age, temperature (T), white blood cell (WBC), lymphocytes (LY), hematocrit (HCT), CRP, and finger pulse oxygen saturation (SpO₂₎ may correlate with liver function impairment and may predict the occurrence and severity of liver function impairment. Some therapeutic drugs (like glucocorticoid) may be involved in the liver function impairment of COVID-19 patients. Most liver function indices improved significantly after active treatment. Although COVID-19 and other common respiratory infectious diseases share some clinical characteristics, COVID-19 has its own characteristics.     

Surfactant-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of rGO/SnIn4S8 nanosheets and their application in complete removal of Cr(vi)

To solve the problem of contamination of hexavalent chromium (Cr(vi)), visible-light-driven graphene-based ternary metal chalcogenide nanosheets (rGO/SnIn₄S₈) were synthesized via a one-pot surfactant-assisted hydrothermal method for the photoreduction of Cr(vi). Characterizations demonstrated that SnIn₄S₈ nanosheets were uniformly distributed on the surface of rGO and the as-synthesized nanosheets exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity under visible light. In addition, the effects of pH, concentration of critic acid, holes and electron scavengers on the reduction of Cr(vi) were systematically investigated. It was found that 50 mg L⁻¹ of Cr(vi) could be completely removed within 30 min at pH 2 when citric acid served as a hole scavenger. Kinetic studies showed that the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(vi) processes obeyed the pseudo first order model. Further study indicated that the Cr(iii) species was immediately adsorbed onto the surface of the rGO/SnIn₄S₈ nanosheets after photocatalytic reduction of Cr(vi). Additionally, recycling results suggested that rGO/SnIn₄S₈ nanosheets possessed high recycle ability and stability after repeated use (5 times). This effective and promising work might provide a new strategy for the photoreduction of Cr(vi) and complete removal of chromium from effluent through the novel photocatalyst rGO/SnIn₄S₈.

Fabrication of visible-light-responsive photocatalyst (rGO/SnIn₄S₈) for photoreduction of Cr(vi) and adsorption of Cr(iii).     

磁共振动脉自旋标记全脑容积灌注成像对短暂性脑缺血发作的诊断价值

探讨动脉自旋标记全脑容积灌注成像（3D-ASL)对短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的诊断价值。对48例临床诊断短暂性脑缺血发作的患者据最后一次发作24 h内行磁共振常规扫描（包含T1WI、T2WI、T2-FLAIR、DWI序列)、磁共振血管成像（3D-TOF-MRA)及3D-ASL扫描,并根据扫描结果对48例短暂性脑缺血发作患者进行分析。常规平扫检出异常14例（29.17%）;3D-MRA检出异常18例(37.50%);3D-ASL检出异常37例(77.09%)。动脉自旋标记全脑容积灌注成像对短暂性脑缺血发作的检出率远高于常规平扫及血管成像,有显著性差异,且简便易行,可以作为诊断短暂性脑缺血发作的常规检查方法予以推广。     

Fever of unknown origin in the elderly: nine years experience in China

This is a retrospective study of older patients admitted to the First and Second Affiliated Hospitals of Wenzhou Medical College, China, with a diagnosis of fever of unknown origin. The study took place from January 1998 to December 2006 among 102 patients who fulfilled the criteria. Infections were responsible for 50 cases (49.1%), followed by no diagnosis in 27 (26.5%), miscellaneous in nine (8.8%), neoplasms in eight (7.8%) and connective tissue disease in another eight (7.8%). Mycobacterium TB was the most frequent type of infection diagnosed.     

射频消融希氏束旁旁道的回顾性分析

目的 对10名希氏（His）束旁旁道（Ap）致倾向型房室折返性心动过速（O-AVRT）患进行射频消融（RFCA）治疗，综合分析X线曝光时间、操作时间、术后复发率和严重并发症发生率等因素，指出，His束电极的准确放置、尽量避免大头电极导管重复使用、术丰富的射频消融手术经验：包括介入操作技术和靶点图的识别，是安全有效进行His束旁旁道RFCA治疗的关键。     

酒石酸布托啡诺、地佐辛与盐酸托烷司琼在镇痛泵内配伍的稳定性考察

目的:考察酒石酸布托啡诺、地佐辛、盐酸托烷司琼在0.9%氯化钠注射液中的配伍稳定性。方法:模拟临床实际用药的配伍浓度和使用环境,检测0,1,4,6,24,48,72 h外观、pH、相对百分含量的变化。结果:酒石酸布托啡诺、地佐辛与盐酸托烷司琼的配伍液在72 h内pH未出现明显变化,外观稳定,各药品成分相对百分含量也没有明显变化。结论:在室温条件下,酒石酸布托啡诺、地佐辛与盐酸托烷司琼在0.9%氯化钠注射液中72 h内保持稳定。因此,酒石酸布托啡诺(6 mg)、地佐辛(20 mg)与盐酸托烷司琼(10 mg)可以配伍使用,在镇痛泵内配伍稳定。     

乙型肝炎病毒基因型、YMDD变异与拉米夫定治疗后HBV DNA反弹关系的研究

目的探讨HBV基因型、YMDD变异与拉米夫定抗病毒治疗后HBV DNA反弹的关系。方法应用多引物对巢式PCR法、PCR-序列分析法检测拉米夫定治疗的27例乙型肝炎患者和19例从未用过抗病毒治疗的患者HBV基因型和P区（YMDD）的突变位点。结果在27例HBV DNA反弹的患者中，13例（48．15％）检出YMDD变异，而对照人群无YMDD变异（P〈0．05）。YMDD变异的位点为rtM204V／I（C区）±rtL180M（B区）；在治疗组YMDD变异的患者中，B、C基因型构成比（46．15％和59．26％）与对照组（53．85％和68．42％）比较无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论YMDD变异是拉米夫定治疗后出现耐药导致HBV DNA反弹的主要原因；YMDD变异的常见位点依然为rtM204V／I（C区）±rtL180M（B区）；YMDD变异在B、C基因型病人中无差别。