经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折

目的 观察经皮椎体成形术(Percutaneous Vertebroplasty,PVP)治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎骨折的临床疗效.方法 以骨水泥为填充材料,在C臂X线机透视监控下,经双侧椎弓根穿刺行PVP治疗12例,观察术后症状改善情况.结果 术后患者疼痛明显缓解或消失,无骨水泥渗漏现象出现,无严重并发症发生.结论 经皮椎体成形术可有效恢复骨折椎体高度,明显缓解疼痛症状,提高患者生活质量.     

肝移植患者家属心理状况与生活质量调查

目的 探讨肝移植患者家属的心理状况及其对生活质量的影响,为改善此类特殊人群生活质量提供依据.方法 采用焦虑、抑郁自评量表和SF-36简明健康量表,对52例肝移植患者家属进行问卷调查,分析其相关性.结果 肝移植患者家属的焦虑、抑郁得分显著高于健康人群(均P＜0.01);肝移植患者家属在生理职能、情感职能、社会功能、精神状态、活力及对健康总评价方面得分显著低于健康人群(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);焦虑、抑郁情绪与肝移植患者家属的情感职能、社会功能、精神状态、活力及健康总评价呈负相关(均P＜0.01),抑郁情绪与患者家属的生理职能呈负相关(P＜0.05).结论 肝移植患者家属存在严重的焦虑、抑郁情绪,并影响了他们的生活质量,有必要采取行之有效的干预措施.     

腭裂修复术腭咽肌肉重建与否的鼻咽内窥镜的比较观察

目的通过是否进行腭咽肌肉重建的两组腭裂修复术后患者鼻咽内窥镜的比较观察,了解腭咽部肌肉重建术后腭咽闭合状况的改变。方法将41例腭裂术后患者,按照在腭裂修复时是否进行腭咽肌肉重建分为重建组(22例)和非重建组(19例),以鼻咽纤维内窥镜记录静态和发音时腭咽闭合运动状况,对两组患者腭咽闭合运动类型和状况进行比较。结果重建组静态腭咽腔形态较非重建组明显缩小,各壁光滑丰满,未见软腭鼻腔面V型缺损畸形;动态时以环状闭合为主。非重建组静态腭咽腔形态较大,可见软腭鼻腔面V型缺损畸形;动态时以冠状闭合为主。经比较重建组腭咽闭合良好率(90.91%)明显优于非重建组(37.31%)。结论鼻咽内窥镜观察证实腭咽肌肉重建腭裂修复术后腭咽闭合功能恢复明显优于非重建组。腭裂修复术时重建腭咽肌肉有助于缩小腭咽腔和更易于达到良好的腭咽闭合状态。     

新生儿臀部皮肤温度测量可行性研究

目的 探讨臀部皮肤温度测量临床应用的科学性与可行性.方法 对124例新生儿进行不同部位体温观测,比较不同情况下臀部皮温与腋温和肛温的关系.结果 同一环境温度下,腋温与肛温、臀温与肛温比较,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01);臀温与腋温比较,差异无显著性意义(均P＞0.05).不同环境温度下相同部位体温比较,腋温、肛温及臀温差异有显著性意义(均P＜0.01).结论 臀部皮肤测温法可替代腋温测量法,能客观地反映新生儿体温的实际情况.     

Undifferentiated Sex Cord—Stromal Tumor in a Young Adult

Undifferentiated sex cord-stromal tumor in post-puberty male is extremely rare. There were only three reported cases in the literature. We reported a 19-year-old patient presented with an asymptomatic right testicular nodule with normal level of serum marker for germ cell tumor. Excisional biopsy and subsequent orchidectomy was preformed and the final pathology supported the diagnosis of undifferentiated sex cord-stromal tumor. He was then put on regular surveillance with no adjuvant therapy given. He remained disease free 18 months after the operation. A summary of the literatures and discussion on the management of this rare tumor was provided.     

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor enhances nigral gamma-aminobutyric acid release

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) - one of a new class of astrocyte-derived human proteins--selectively promotes the survival of dopamine neurons of the ventral midbrain. Using the whole-cell clamp technique, we looked for acute effects of MANF on gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor-mediated inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) in dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta of 6 to 15-day-old rats. In slices, MANF increased the amplitude of evoked IPSCs and decreased the paired pulse ratio. In mechanically dissociated cells, MANF increased the frequency of spontaneous and miniature IPSCs, without changing their mean amplitudes; and in enzymatically dissociated neurons, MANF had no effect on currents induced by exogenous GABA. The presynaptic enhancement of GABAergic inhibition may contribute to MANF's protective action on dopamine cells.     

Staurosporin induces neurite outgrowth through ROS generation in HN33 hippocampal cell lines

Summary. Staurosporin, a specific inhibitor of PKC, is widely used in studies of signal transduction pathways. Previous studies have shown that staurosporin induces neurite outgrowth, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we report that staurosporin induces neurite outgrowth in HN33 hippocampal cells. Two other PKC inhibitors, Go 6976 (specific for α- and β-isoforms) and rotterlin (a selective inhibitor of PKC δ), have no neuritogenic effect. In addition, staurosporin specifically increases ROS generation. NAC, which inhibits the generation of ROS, suppresses the staurosporin-induced neurite outgrowth in HN33 cells. Further, H₂O₂ causes neurite outgrowth. Taken together, these results confirm a neuritogenic effect of staurosporin and point to ROS as the signal mediator of staurosporin-induced neurite outgrowth in HN33 hippocampal cells. Theme: Development and regeneration Topic: Neurotrophic factors: receptors and cellular mechanisms     

TIA对后继脑梗死神经保护作用的临床研究

目的探讨预先短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)是否对后继脑梗死具有神经保护作用。方法根据脑梗死患者是否预先发生同侧的TIA分为TIA组和无TIA组,分别从TIA持续时间、发作次数、与脑梗死间隔时间及梗死部位几方面同无TIA组比较,采用ADL评分标准,评定患者预后恢复情况。结果Ⅰ级预后预先有TIA的占72%,无TIA的占63%,二者相比差异无显著性(X~2=3．31,P＞0．05)。但脑梗死前有TIA且持续时间在5～20min、发作次数2～3次,与脑梗死间隔不超过1周者,其Ⅰ级预后较多,同无TIA组相比较差异有显著性(P＜0．05)。结论脑梗死前发生的TIA有可能对人脑产生缺血耐受作用。TIA的神经保护性与其发作持续时间、发作次数及与脑梗死间隔时间有一定关系。     

脑功能区难治性癫痫的手术治疗

目的探讨开颅手术对功能区难治性癫痫的疗效。方法84例脑功能区难治性癫痫患者中,采用局部癫痫灶切除 多处软膜下横纤维切断术者29例,癫痫病灶切除 多处软膜下横纤维切断 前颞叶切除33例,癫痫病灶切除 多处软膜下横纤维切断 胼胝体前1/3切开22例。记录术后早期和9￣30个月临床观察及随访结果。结果术后早期16例患者出现一侧肢体肌力减弱,23例患者术后2￣3d出现失语,经治疗均在5￣10d内恢复。出院后随访9￣30个月,完全无发作65例,发作次数减少50%以上11例,发作减少50%以下6例,2例癫痫发作与术前相同。术前有14例言语功能障碍,17例有一侧肌力下降,术后均有不同程度的改善和恢复。结论术后疗效表明局部癫痫灶切除 多处软膜下横纤维切断术和癫痫病灶切除 多处软膜下横纤维切断 前颞叶切除的手术疗效优于癫痫病灶切除 多处软膜下横纤维切断 胼胝体前1/3切开手术方式的疗效。     

椎管内肿瘤显微外科手术治疗

本组收集自2000年2月至2005年12月我院椎管内肿瘤患者64例,通过显微手术治疗,取得满意效果,报告如下。一、资料与方法1.一般资料:在64例椎管内肿瘤中男性36例,女性28例;年龄最小12岁,最大76岁,平均38岁。2.主要症状与体征:(1)疼痛:疼痛为常见的首发症状,共有18例。常表现为根性疼痛,有时可误诊为肋间神经痛或坐骨神经痛。(2)感觉障碍:常见,共有54例。有不同程度的感觉障碍,表现为有感觉障碍平面并常伴有麻木或束带感。髓内肿瘤则常表现有不同程度的节段性感觉障碍,感觉障碍平面与脊髓肿瘤所在部位相关。(3)运动障碍:有52例入院时在肿瘤压迫…