左心室成形术临床应用评价

目的　总结左心室成形术治疗缺血性心肌病的临床应用经验。方法　 1998至 2 0 0 0年意大利米兰SanDonato医院收治合并室壁瘤的缺血性心肌病病人 4 6例。在低温体外循环下完成冠状动脉旁路移植远端吻合后切开心尖部室壁瘤 ,沿室壁瘤边缘行心室内环缩成形术 (Dor手术 ) ,之后用补片或直接闭合室壁瘤壁 ,重塑左室形态。结果　围术期死亡 7例 ,死亡率为 15 2 % ;术后左室收缩末期及舒张末期容积均显著降低 (P <0 0 0 1) ;肺动脉压亦显著下降 (P <0 0 5 )。中期随访生存率为 71 8%。结论　左心室成形术治疗缺血性心肌病是一种有效的方法     

Cell reprogramming: a new chemical approach to stem cell biology and tissue regeneration

Generation of pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from adult fibroblasts starts a "new era" in stem cell biology, as it overcomes several key issues associated with previous approaches, including the ethical concerns associated with human embryonic stem cells. However, as the genetic approach for cell reprogramming has already shown potential safety issues, a chemical approach may be a safer and easier alternative. Moreover, a chemical approach could be advantageous not only for the de-differentiation phase, but also for inducing reprogrammed cells into the desired cell type with higher efficiency than current methodologies. Finally, a chemical approach may be envisioned to activate resident adult stem cells to proliferate and regenerate damaged tissues in situ, without the need for exogenous cell injections.     

Assessing the Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmic Substrate in Patients With Brugada Syndrome

Background

Guidelines recommend the use of implanted cardioverter-defibrillators in patients with Brugada syndrome and induced ventricular tachyarrhythmias, but there is no evidence supporting it.

Left Ventricular Restoration: How Important is the Surgical Treatment of Ischemic Heart Failure Trial?

If the Surgical Treatment of Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trial demonstrates that surgical therapy is superior to medical therapy, early aggressive evaluation of coronary artery disease as a potentially correctable cause of new-onset heart failure would be the preferred strategy. This strategy could tremendously change the treatment of ischemic heart disease. Confirming the STICH revascularization hypothesis will dramatically increase the use of coronary artery bypass grafting among the millions of patients now being medically treated without evaluation for an ischemic cause.     

Functional ischemic mitral regurgitation in anterior ventricular remodeling: results of surgical ventricular restoration with and without mitral repair

Ischemic functional mitral regurgitation following ischemic cardiomyopathy is a secondary phenomenon to ventricular dilation, and therapeutic approaches to this complication are not uniform. Solutions to improve mitral function include either mitral repair or observing the effects of coronary revascularization and/or ventricular rebuilding during surgical ventricular restoration (SVR). The present study of 108 patients (comprising 18% of our 588 SVR population) reports the effects of mitral repair following SVR and CABG by comparing geometric, functional, hemodynamic and outcome changes to SVR patients without mitral repair. The degree of mitral regurgitation went from 2.9 +/- 1.2 before to 0.7 +/- 0.7 after SVR and mitral repair. SVR improved EF from 29 +/- 7% to 34 +/- 10% p 0.001; reduced end diastolic volume from 243 +/- 74 to 163 +/- 53 ml and end systolic volume from 170 +/- 63 to 107 +/- 41 ml, p 0.000. Ventricular size and shape geometric measurements improved in all patients, either with and without mitral repair. SVR improved tenting and papillary muscle width between muscle heads in all patients, but alterations in mitral annular size improved only following mitral repair.Preoperative mitral regurgitation occurred in patients with larger ventricular volume and lower ejection fraction and was an independent predictor of operative mortality risk.