Visual event-related potentials in progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, striatonigral degeneration, and Parkinson's disease

To determine whether there are characteristic changes in event-related potentials (ERPs) in parkinsonian syndromes we studied 8 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), 10 patients with corticobasal degeneration (CBD), 9 patients with striatonigral degeneration (SND), and 16 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) with a mean duration of illness shorter than 5 years in each group. A visual oddball paradigm was employed to elicit P300. P300 to the rare target and rare nontarget stimuli and reaction time (RT) to rare target stimuli in each group were compared with those in the corresponding age-matched normal control group and to each other after age correction. The correlation of P300 and RT to motor disability score was also studied. In PSP P300 amplitude was markedly reduced while in CBD P300 latency was prolonged. P300 amplitude to rare nontargets in SND and PD was attenuated. The mean RT in the PSP and the CBD group was significantly longer than in the other two groups. The mean RT in PD and P300 amplitude to rare nontargets in both CBD and PD showed significant correlation with the severity of motor disability. Simultaneous measurement of P300 and RT may yield useful supplementary information in facilitating diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes in addition to clinical criteria. Received: 6 April 1999, Received in revised form: 5 August 1999, Accepted: 12 January 2000     

799例住院患者死亡病例回顾性分析

目的了解住院患者死因及威胁人类生命的主要原因,降低病死率,提高医疗质量。方法收集我院2003年～2005年住院病例799例,对其死因、性别、年龄、职业、发病时间、入院时间、抢救措施等进行回顾性分析。结果死亡病例中,以老年人为主,男性多于女性,恶性肿瘤成为住院患者死亡的首位原因,寒冷季节是死亡高峰期,多数患者来院时发病已超过1周,一半患者在入院一周内死亡,抢救过程中气管插管和电除颤是重要措施。结论重视各种因素对死亡病例的影响,加强新理论、新知识的提高,对提高医疗质量有重要作用。     

厂矿企业实施职工健康促进的现状研究——关于企业职工健康促进干预方案的建议

目的对在昆明市厂矿企业实施职业健康促进提出针对性建议。方法综合分析昆明市20个厂矿企业的1432名职工进行健康促进现况调查的结果。结果开展职业健康促进,提高职工整体健康水平必须采取综合干预措施,包括(1)加强领导,加强社区行动;(2)制定健康的公共政策,强化考核;(3)采取多种形式,提高职工自我保健技能;(4)创造支持性环境,维护职工身体健康。结论完善的企业健康促进方案有利于提高职工的健康水平,并可以为今后健康教育的实施、监测和效果评价奠定基础。     

细菌对MLS类和糖肽类抗生素产生耐药性的作用机制

MLS类和糖肽类抗生素在人类与细菌感染性疾病的对抗中发挥着重要作用.与其他抗生素一样,随着这些抗生素的临床使用,细菌耐药性的出现和不断发展给人们带来新的挑战.本综述对这两类抗生素的细菌耐药性产生机制进行了剖析,并就已开发的若干个新型MLS类和糖肽类抗生素作了介绍.     

模拟生物矿化制备多糖铁的新方法

目的建立模拟生物矿化制备多糖铁的新方法.方法选用壳聚糖,与FeCl3制成复合膜,模拟铁矿化过程,制备多糖铁.结果多糖铁为β-FeOOH晶形,且为纳米级.结论为开发补铁药提供了新途径,丰富和发展了纳米药学理论.     

以文化素质教育为切入点推动高等学校素质教育

对10年来的文化素质教育进行简要回顾,文化素质教育经历了发起和探索、推广和提高两个阶段,并带给我们以下启示①推进文化素质教育必须充分认识文化素质的基础地位;②加强文化素质教育必须转变教育思想观念;③理论研究与实践探索相结合促进了文化素质教育.文化素质教育开展10年,成绩喜人,为了巩固成果,深化素质教育,当前应该着重实现人文教育和科学教育的融合、营造文雅的校园文化以及建立健全文化素质教育的保障制度,全面推进素质教育.     

胸苷酸合成酶在膀胱癌组织中的表达及意义

目的探讨膀胱癌（BC）中胸苷酸合成酶（TS）的表达对膀胱癌患者预后的影响。方法采用免疫组化S-P法检测50例膀胱癌石蜡标本中的TS蛋白表达情况。结果TS蛋白在膀胱癌与正常膀胱黏膜中的表达有显著性差异（P＜0．01），与肿瘤低分化、临床病理分期晚期、淋巴结转移密切相关（P＜0．05）。结论TS在膀胱癌中的表达增强可能是膀胱癌患者一个重要的预后指标。     

MVD及VEGF在颅咽管瘤中的表达及其与预后的关系

背景与目的：颅叫管瘤为难治性肿瘤，其预后不良，复发机制尚不清楚。本研究检测颅Ⅱ阏管瘤组织中微血管密度（microvascular density，MVD）及血管内皮生长因子vascular endothelial growth factor，VEGF表达．分析其与肿瘤预后等生物学行为的关系。方法：采取前瞻性队列研究方案，经纳入、排除标准筛选卅颅咽管釉质上皮型肿瘤32例、鳞形乳头瘤型肿瘤31例，平均随访843个月，收集原发及复发患者的肿瘤组织标本，应用单克隆抗体CD34、VEGF抗体检测肿瘤组织MVD及VEGF蛋白表达，计算机辅助成像系统对其作出定量分析，分析其与肿瘤复发等生物学行为的关系。结果：VEGF蛋白、MVD计数在颅咽管瘤队列复发组、非复发组间不具有显著性差异（P〉0．05），而在颅咽管瘤不同病理类型间差异则具有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论：VEGF蛋白、MVD计数与肿瘤复发无关，不能预测颅咽管瘤复发的危险性，但可为了解肿瘤的同有侵袭性行为提供参考。     

共焦显微镜在角膜病变中应用的新进展

共焦显微镜(confocal microscopy, CM)检查作为一种“活体组织学检查”方法,以其实时、无创、快速、高清的特点,在角膜生理、病理研究及疾病诊断、病情评估、随访等方面显示出优越性,已在眼科临床及科研中得到广泛应用。本文将对CM在感染性角膜疾病、变性性角膜疾病及全身疾病所致角膜病变中应用的新进展作一综述。     

Arthroscopic Management of Giant Meniscal Cysts Among Young Patients: An Average Three‐Year MRI Follow‐Up

ObjectiveTo describe an arthroscopic technique for giant meniscal cyst excision with preservation of the functional meniscus, report the short‐ and medium‐term outcomes, and assess magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for follow‐up imaging evaluations.MethodsA total of 54 consecutive patients with symptomatic meniscal cysts were admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between 2014 and 2019. Nine patients with giant meniscus cysts (six females and three males) were included in this study. The age range of the patients was 6–34 years. All patients underwent a complete physical examination, X‐ray, Doppler ultrasound, and MRI of the knee preoperatively. After an arthroscopic diagnosis of a meniscal rupture with a giant meniscal cyst, partial meniscectomy, ablation of the cyst, and suturing of the retainable meniscus were performed. Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores were used preoperatively and at the most recent follow‐up. Clinical outcomes were classified into four categories: excellent, good, fair, and poor. During the last visit, all patients underwent MRI to assess the recurrence of the cyst and meniscal suture healing.ResultsPreoperative MRI and arthroscopic examination revealed giant meniscal cysts combined with meniscal tears and congenital discoid meniscus, and all giant meniscal cysts occurred in the lateral meniscus. The main types of meniscal tears were horizontal and complex tears. The cysts were unicystic in one case and multicystic in eight cases. The mean size of the cysts on the MRI was 5.86 cm × 2.24 cm × 2.48 cm. The mean follow‐up periods were 37.5 (19–60) months. Clinical outcomes were excellent in six patients and good in three patients. The postoperative scores were significantly improved compared to the preoperative scores (Lysholm: 90.78 ± 4.60 vs. 54.56 ± 7.25; IKDC: 96.2 ± 3.46 vs. 61.69 ± 3.36; p <0.01). No recurrence of the cyst was indicated on the MRI, and there was good healing of the torn meniscus.ConclusionsArthroscopic cystectomy combined with the meniscus suture technique was effective to eradicate residual cyst cavities, and traffic orifices be highly recommended.