Sevoflurane postconditioning provides neuroprotection against brain hypoxia–ischemia in neonatal rats

Application of volatile anesthetics after brain ischemia provides neuroprotection in adult animals (anesthetic postconditioning). We tested whether postconditioning with sevoflurane, the most commonly used general anesthetic in pediatric anesthesia, reduced neonatal brain injury in rats. Seven-day-old Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to brain hypoxia–ischemia (HI). They were postconditioned with sevoflurane in the presence or absence of 5-hydroxydecanoic acid, a mitochondrial K_ATP channel inhibitor. Sevoflurane postconditioning dose-dependently reduced brain tissue loss observed 7 days after brain HI. This effect was induced by clinically relevant concentrations and abolished by 5-hydroxydecanoic acid. These results suggest that sevoflurane postconditioning protects neonatal brain against brain HI via mitochondrial K_ATP channels.     

卡马西平对癫痫患者甲状腺功能的影响

测定15例服用CBZ的癫痫患者及20例未服封癫痫患者发作间歇期血清T_3、T_4和TSH水平,发现CBZ组血清中T_4、T_3水平低于未服药组和正常对照组(p<0.05),未服药组和正常对照组相比无明显差异,TSH在三组间无明显差异,提示本组患者发作间期甲状腺激素水平与服CBZ有关。     

Treatment of intracerebral glioblastomas with G422 tumour cell vaccine in a mouse model

The aim of this study was to develop a tumour vaccine with the ability to induce and expand higher affinity cytotoxic T lymphocytes and stimulate an effective antitumour immune response. The hypothesis tested was that G422 glioblastoma cells modified with B7-1 and interferon (IFN)-gamma genes could serve as a tumour vaccine. It was found that therapeutic subcutaneous immunizations with this tumour vaccine significantly induced a cytotoxic T-cell response and prolonged the survival of female Kuming mice with intracerebral G422 tumour isografts. The data collectively suggested that G422 glioblastoma cells genetically modified with B7-1 and IFN-gamma genes could serve as a tumour vaccine.     

The early and mid-term results of mitral valve repair for mitral regurgitation in children

Purpose

To review the surgical techniques and mid-term results of mitral valve repair in children with moderate or severe mitral regurgitation (MR).

Methods

One hundred and seven children with moderate or severe MR, aged 19.6 ± 8.5 months, were enrolled in this study. The surgical techniques used for mitral valve repair varied according to the mitral valve morphology, and included annuloplasty, annuloplasty ring, cleft closure, reconstruction of the posterior leaflet, etc. The concomitant cardiac anomalies were treated simultaneously. The results of repair were evaluated by transesophageal echocardiography performed during the operation and by serial transthoracic echocardiography performed during the follow-up.

Results

One hundred and six cases had no more than mild regurgitation intraoperatively, whereas only one case had moderate regurgitation. This patient underwent redo repair immediately, and the subsequent regurgitation was trivial. The in-hospital mortality rate was 0.9 % (1/107). The average follow-up was 46.5 ± 8.2 months. One patient died of heart failure 10 months postoperatively. The freedom from moderate or severe regurgitation after mitral valve repair was 92.3 ± 3.3 %.

Conclusion

Pediatric patients with moderate or severe MR require early surgical treatment. The early and mid-term results of mitral valve repair in pediatric patients were satisfactory.     

Radiological studies on the best entry point and trajectory of anterior cervical pedicle screw in the lower cervical spine

Objective

To explore the best entry point and trajectory of anterior cervical transpedicular screws in the lower cervical spine by radiological studies, and provide reference for clinical application.

Methods

Fifty patients were scanned by computed tomography and confirmed no obvious defect of the cervical spine. On horizontal axis, camber angle (α) and axial length (AL) were measured from C₃ to C₇. On sagittal view, the cranial or caudal angle (β) and sagittal length (SL) were also measured from C₃ to C₇. On the sagittal and horizontal planes vertebrae were respectively divided into four areas, ordered 1–4, on the anterior side of the pedicle. The areas and angles of pedicle intersect into the vertebral body were recorded. We inserted six anterior pedicle screws into the lower cervical spine of three patients by this technique.

Results

On transverse plane, camber angle (α) of C₃–C₅ increased gradually, while it decreased from C₅ to C₇. On sagittal view, C₃ and C₄ pedicles showed cranial tilting, while C₅ to C₇ were caudally tilted. AL and SL values increased gradually from C₃ to C₇. The number of the intersections of C₃–C₇ in each area was also different. Six pedicle screws of three cases were inserted into the lower cervical spine with proper placement and no complications.

Conclusion

Anterior transpedicular screw (ATPS) is a theoretically feasible option for internal fixation. The technique described in this paper was subsequently used in three patients without complication. Future improvement of ATPS insertion remains necessary for this technically demanding procedure.     

以ECHO克隆系统构建人生长激素的哺乳动物表达载体

目的：构建ECHO克隆系统构建人生长激素的哺乳动物表达载体，以克服原核生物表达系统生产人生长激素存在的缺陷。 方法：实验于2002．08在解放军广州军区广州总医院医学实验科进行。①先把人生长激素基因片段克隆到ECHO系统的供载体中，构建供载体pUni／Lox-HGH。②让该供载体与具Lox位点的受载体在Cre重组酶的作用下融合，构建出人生长激素的哺乳动物表达载体pcDNA4．1／pUni-HGH，使人生长激素基因处于CMV启动子的调控下，EcoRl单酶切及BarnHI／EcoRI双酶切鉴定重组质粒。 结果：由琼脂糖凝胶电泳和序列测定证实，用ECHO克隆系统构建的融合质粒中，确实含有人生长激素带内含子的基因序列。 结论：用ECHO克隆系统可以构建人生长激素的哺乳动物表达载体，且方便、快捷，为取代原核生物表达系统生产人生长激素，提供了依据。     

肝炎肝化病人抑郁状况调查及护理对策

目的 研究肝炎肝硬化病人抑郁状况及相关因素。方法 采用Zung抑郁自评量表（SDS）和问卷表对120例住院肝硬化病人进行调查。结果 65％肝硬化病人存在不同程度的抑郁状况；在分组比较中，中年和文化程度在大专以上者抑郁发生率偏高，肝硬化病人抑郁发生与性别无相关性。结论 肝炎肝硬化病人发生抑郁关况，临床护理人应给予足够重视，采取相应的护理措施，以维护病人的心理健康。