脑梗塞患者脑脊液中三种阿片肽含量变化

用放射免疫法对144例脑梗塞患者及24例对照者脑脊液中β—内啡肽(β—EP)、亮脑啡肽(LEK)、强啡肽A_(1-13)(D_(yn)A_(1-13))含量进行检测,结果显示脑梗塞急性期3天内β—EP、LEK含量较对照组显著增高.D_(yn)A_(1-13)较对照组显著降低,一周后逐渐接近或达到对照组水平。同时也发现基底节区脑梗塞患者脑脊液中β-EP、LEK较其它部位梗塞为高,D_(yn)A_(1-13)较其它部位梗塞为低,与对照组相比差异显著。提示脑脊液中二种阿片肽含量变化与脑梗塞时缺血性应激反应有关。三者不平衡变化,参与了急性脑梗塞时缺血性脑水肿等病理生理过程。也提示脑梗塞急性期(尤其3天内)适量应用阿片受体拮抗剂或激动剂,有利于减轻缺血性脑水肿,缓解神经受损症状。     

膀胱癌组织形态定量分析和病理学研究：附20例报告

对２０例膀胱移行上皮癌大切片ＨＥ染色，观察肿瘤表面、基部，浸润深部的组织形态特征，运用ＡｇＮＯＲ银染技术和图像分析技术进行了ＡｇＮＯＲ颗粒计数和核形态计量研究。结果表明：膀胱移行上皮癌表面组织与基部组织的分级和恶性程度无显著性差异。肿瘤浸润深部的组织分级与恶性程度比肿瘤表面组织的高。     

干下漏斗部室间隔缺损的外科治疗

４６例干下漏斗部室间隔缺损，占同期室缺手术治疗的２３．２％（４６／１９８）。缺损位于肺动脉瓣下３４例，漏斗部１２例。用带垫片褥式缝合修补２１例，补片修补２５例。全组无死亡。术后直接缝合组有主动脉关闭不全２例、残余分流２例，残留杂音３例。笔者认为，适时手术，选择适当的进路、应用补片修补、正确判断和处理主动脉瓣病变及对合并肺动脉狭窄者予以流出道补片加宽，是提高本病手术疗效的关键。     

婴儿肝炎综合征63例临床分析

对我科1989-1990年中收治的婴儿肝炎综合征63例的临床表现、合并症、治疗等方面进行了分析。笔者认为婴儿肝炎综合征为一组临床症候群。病因诊断有其重要性。腹部B超检查有助于肝炎和胆道闭锁的鉴别,可作为常规检查方法。并认为用肾上腺皮质激素治疗有效。     

Endothelial and smooth muscle properties of coronary and mesenteric resistance arteries in spontaneously hypertensive rats compared to WKY rats

Summary— To investigate if the functional alterations observed in resistance arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were also present at the coronary level, in vitro experiments were performed in mesenteric resistance arteries (MRA) and in right (RIC) and left interventricular coronary (LIC) arteries taken from 15–25-week-old SHR and age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats WKYs. Using a passive extension protocol, internal diameters corresponding to 100 mmHg intraluminal pressure (D₁₀₀) were determined and vessels were set up to a normalized internal diameter (0.9 D₁₀₀). SHR mesenteric resistance arteries had a significantly smaller diameter compared to WKY arteries, whereas both types of SHR coronary arteries had a greater diameter compared to those of WKY rats. In arteries in the absence of contracting agonist, nitro-L-arginine (NOLA, 100 μM) induced a progressive rise in basal tone, which could be reversed by subsequent addition of L-arginine (100 μM) but not D-arginine (100 μM). When expressed as percent of maximal contractions induced by agonists (noradrenaline, NA [10 μM] in MRA; serotonin, 5-HT [10 μM], in RIC and LIC), these contractions were significantly stronger in WKY compared to SHR coronary and mesenteric resistance arteries. In NA-precontracted MRA and 5HT-precontracted coronary arteries in the presence of indomethacin (10 μM), the magnitude of acetylcholine-induced maximal relaxations (expressed as percent of maximal contractions induced by agonists) was greater in WKY compared to SHR arteries. After a 30-min incubation period, NOLA (100 μM) completely inhibited relaxations induced by acetylcholine (0.01–10 μM) in all types of precontracted arteries. Subsequent additions of sodium nitroprusside, (SNP, 10 μM) induced complete relaxations in all preparations. These results show that a basal release of NO or NO-like compound by endothelial cells is present in isolated mesenteric resistance and coronary arteries of WKY rats and SHRs. The contribution of endothelium-derived relaxing factor-nitric oxide (EDRF-NO) to arterial tone was lower in MRA compared to coronary arteries in both strains and in SHR compared to WKY arteries. In the SHR preparations, the impaired relaxation induced by acetylcholine appeared to be due to a functional alteration of the endothelium in the presence of normal reactivity of the smooth muscle cells.     

Polymyositis-dermatomyositis:25 years of follow-up of 50 patients disease course, treatment, prognostic factors

Therapeutic results were analysed in 50 patients, including 17 with polymyositis (PM) and 30 with dermatomyositis (DM). All patients were treated with prednisone (Encorton, Polfa) and 47% of patients with PM and 73% with DM required combined treatment with prednisone and cytostatic agents, mostly with cyclophosphamide (Endoxan G.D.R.). Long-term treatment monitored with the clinical status led to remissions persisting after treatment discontinuation in 17.6% of PM patients and 24.2% of DM patients. In 64.7% of PM patients and 57.6% of DM patients regression of the clinical signs of the disease was achieved but these patients required further treatment. No information was obtained on 5 cases. Four DM patients died. The cumulative 17-year survival rate of PM patients was 100%, and that of DM patients was 78.8% . In 45 follow-up cases, the mortality was 8.9%. Side effects of the combined treatment included most frequently mucosal candidiasis (22.2%), transient leucopenia (14.8%) and recurrent respiratory tract infections (11.1%). In 5 cases liver biopsy was done and histological examination disclosed moderate fatty, glycogen and vacuolar degeneration of the hepatocytes. The statistical analysis of prognostic factors such as the diagnosis of PM or DM, sex, age at disease onset, disease duration till diagnosis establishing and beginning of treatment, fever, dysphagia, circulatory and respiratory changes, leucocytosis nad ESR at the beginning of the disease showed that sex (female), older age at disease onset and respiratory system changes may be accepted as poor prognosis factors.     

竹荪深层发酵菌丝体对小鼠免疫功能的影响及其抗肿瘤作用

过对食药用真菌──竹荪深层发酵菌丝体提取液对小鼠免疫功能及S－180肿瘤细胞的作用观察，表明其发酵菌丝体可明显提高小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能（P＜0．01），并显著增加免疫器官的重量（P＜0．05）；对小鼠S－180肿瘤的抑瘤率为40．63％。     

一次手术法对自制两段式种植体种植效果的实验研究

本实验用自制纯钛两段式种植体,以一次手术法植入到狗的下颌前磨牙区,观察5个月,结果表明,观察期间内牙龈无炎症,种植体稳固,X线片显示种植体周围无透射区,镜下可见种植体表面与牙龈之间形成上皮附着样结构,与骨组织之间大多呈骨性愈合。提示了两段式种植体有两种设计和手术方式可供选择。骨内部分在开放的环境中也可达到骨性愈合。     

用DIG标记的寡核苷酸基因探针杂交技术进行人轮状病毒VP7G血清型鉴定

目的：建立用地高辛（Ｄｉｇｏｘｉｇｅｎｉｎ，ＤＩＧ）标记的寡核苷酸基因探针鉴定Ａ群轮状病毒ＶＰ７Ｇ血清型的分子杂交技术，并应用该技术研究河南Ａ群轮状病毒的Ｇ血清型分布。方法：根据轮状病毒编码糖蛋白ＶＰ７的基因核苷酸序列，选择该基因高保守区序列中与ＶＰ７Ｇ血清型高度相关的核苷酸片段，人工合成，并用ＤＩＧ标记。在优选的杂交条件下进行杂交：结果：①Ｇ１、Ｇ２、Ｇ３和Ｇ４四种Ｇ血清型特异性寡核苷酸探针只与同血清型的轮状病毒参考毒株杂交，无交叉杂交现象。灵敏度和特异性达到放射性同位素３２Ｐ标记的水平。②１８８份经ＰＡＧＥ确定的轮状病毒阳性标本中，７９份（４２．０％）、３５份（１８．６％）、１５份（７．９％）分别与Ｇ１、Ｇ２或Ｇ３型探针杂交；未检出Ｇ４型；５６份（２９．８％）未能分型；３份分型特殊。结论：该Ｇ血清型分型技术具有高度特异性和灵敏度     

麦冬类中药组织切片计算机三维重建图鉴

利用计算机技术实现麦冬类中药组织连续切片三维重建与动态显示,为计算机辅助生药学鉴定和教学提供了新的三维图像技术和研究资料。