5-羟色胺转运体基因多态性与抑郁的关系研究进展

抑郁症作为一种复杂的情感性精神障碍,其病因及病理机制至今尚未完全阐明。5-羟色胺(5-HT)系统可能在抑郁的起病及发展中起重要作用,许多研究者在探索5-羟色胺转运体基因启动子区域连锁多态性(5-HTTLPR)与抑郁的关系上作了大量工作,已有许多研究成果出现,本文对以往的相关研究做一个综述。     

社区老年抑郁症延续照护需求及社会干预对策

目的研究老年抑郁症出院患者的照护需求,提出社区长期延续照护及社会干预对策。方法采用入户调查法,以2010~2012年连云港市某医院60岁以上抑郁症出院患者215例为研究对象,对该人群社区和家庭长期照护及医疗护理服务供需情况进行调查。结果老年抑郁症人群社区延续照护主要依靠家庭,由家庭成员照护者148人,占68.84%;由保姆或钟点工照护者24人,占11.16%;由专业护理人员进行照护者43人,占20.00%。结论老年抑郁症人群的长期照护和社会支持问题是老年学领域亟待解决的民生问题,应建立相应的社会性干预对策。     

马齿苋鲜品凝胶剂制备及其对小鼠湿疹的初步作用

目的 制备马齿苋鲜品凝胶并考察其对小鼠急性湿疹的治疗效果。方法 采用正交试验设计,以卡波姆-940、丙二醇的浓度及pH值为考察因素,以卡波姆凝胶剂基质考察评分标准评分,筛选优化处方,制备马齿苋鲜品凝胶。观察马齿苋鲜品凝胶的抑菌作用,及其对小鼠急性湿疹的治疗效果。结果 经优化,马齿苋凝胶处方为卡波姆-940 0.7%,丙二醇10%,pH 6.5。抑菌结果显示,马齿苋鲜品凝胶对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌均有抑制作用。对小鼠急性湿疹的治疗结果显示,马齿苋鲜品凝胶可抑制湿疹皮肤组织的炎症反应,显示出较好的治疗效果。结论 通过正交试验筛选出优化处方,并观察到马齿苋鲜品凝胶对小鼠急性湿疹有治疗作用。     

Oral Administration of Polaprezinc Attenuates Fluorouracil‐induced Intestinal Mucositis in a Mouse Model

5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU) has broadly been applied to treat colorectal cancer as one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents. However, it frequently causes intestinal mucosal injury and related side effects, such as abdominal pain and diarrhoea, which limit the use of 5‐FU in a clinic setting. Polaprezinc has gradually become known as a mucosal protective agent for the management of gastric ulcer. This study aimed to investigate the prophylactic efficacy of Polaprezinc administered orally against intestinal mucositis induced by 5‐FU in mice on the condition that the antitumour effect could not be compromised. We induced intestinal mucositis in SPF‐grade ICR mice with 5‐FU, and evaluated intestinal damage in the absence or presence of Polaprezinc. We examined the score of diarrhoea and the loss of weight after the 5‐FU treatment and assessed the integrity of villus and the proliferation of small intestine crypt cells by haematoxylin and eosin staining and PCNA immunohistochemical detection. The antitumour effect of 5‐FU on colorectal cancer was assessed with or without Polaprezinc in a xenograft model. The result showed that Polaprezinc significantly reduced the elevated diarrhoea score and the body‐weight loss caused by 5‐FU abolished histological abnormality and crypt cell hypoproliferation in a dose‐dependent manner, without affecting 5‐FU efficacy on colon xenograft tumour in mice. We conclude that Polaprezinc could inhibit 5‐FU‐induced diarrhoea and alleviate the weight loss during 5‐FU chemotherapy, as a possible candidate for treatment and prevention of intestinal mucositis, through protecting intestinal mucosa and improving the quality of life after chemotherapy.     

Abnormal hippocampal substructure volume in insomnia disorder

Brain Imaging and Behavior - To date, our understanding of the role of abnormal hippocampal volume in imaging studies of insomnia disorders (ID) has remained in apparent contradiction. Given that...     

Characters and influential factors of vascular remolding after native arteriovenous fistula

Objective To finding out the characters of vascular remolding after the establishment of native arteriovenous fistula on the wrist, and exploring the influential factors.MethodsDoppler ultrasound was used to monitor the diameter of cephalic vein, brachial artery, radial artery and ulnar artery at the time before the surgery and one day, one week, two weeks, four weeks and eight weeks after the surgery respectively. The tendency of the diameter change was analyzed. ResultsTwenty eight patients completed the whole monitor session, in which eleven were female. The average age of those patients was (53.68 ± 2.61) years old. Twelve of them were diabetic nephropathy. The diameters of all vessel were increased more rapidly at the first day than any other days after surgery(all P＜0.01). The patients were divided into two groups depending on whether diabetic nephropathy. No significant difference was found between the two groups on the tendency of diameter change in cephalic vein and brachial artery (all P ﹥ 0.05). However, the tendency of diameter change in radial artery and ulnar artery was statistically significant difference between the two groups (all P＜0.05). ConclusionsCephalic vein, brachial artery, radial artery and ulnar artery are all apparently dilated on the first day after the surgery. The vascular dilation and diameter increasing become much slower after the period, the diameter tend to be stable. The primary diseases may affect the tendency of the diameter change in radial artery as well as ulnar artery.     

免疫印迹法检测HIV抗体条带常见模式分析及在随访中的价值

目的了解免疫印迹法检测人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体阳性的常见条带模式及在随访中的价值。方法回顾分析免疫印迹法检测HIV抗体为阳性的460例患者和结果为不确定的16例患者的免疫印迹法检测结果及临床资料。结果在3个基因编码的3组HIV特异性抗体中,env基因编码的包膜蛋白抗体gp160、gp120和gp41的检出率分别为100.00%、99.35%和96.30%;pol基因编码的核酸内切酶及聚合酶抗体p66、p51和p31的检出率分别为92.61%、86.96%和91.96%;gag基因编码的核心蛋白抗体p55、p39、p24和p17的检出率分别为56.30%、13.26%、100.00%、87.17%。采用免疫印迹法检测HIV抗体,共检测到34种条带模式,最常见的条带模式为gp160/gp120/p66/p55/p51/gp41/p31/p24/p17(p39缺失,占41.74%),其次为gp160/gp120/p66/p51/gp41/p31/p24/p17(p55和p39缺失,占23.70%),全条带模式占11.30%。对16例免疫印迹法结果为不确定的患者进行随访,其中首次检测含包膜蛋白抗体条带的4例患者在随访期间HIV抗体均转为阳性。HIV感染者首诊科室共涉及到28个临床科室,其中有66.31%就诊于内科相关科室。结论 HIV感染者的免疫印迹法条带检出率存在一定的差异,患者首诊的临床科室众多,医疗机构应重视HIV检测,避免获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)被误诊和漏诊。     

我国智能医学高等教育发展的思考

介绍我国智能医学发展的时代背景,阐述智能医学学科建设情况,分析智能医学高端人才培养路径,包括资源整合、规范重点学科建设,稳固学科支撑体系持续输送高端人才等。