可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1在急性肝内胆汁淤积兔模型中的表达

目的探讨可溶性细胞间黏附分子(sICAM-1)在急性肝内胆汁淤积兔模型中的表达及其意义。方法39只健康的新生大耳白兔随机分成4组:3个实验组(n=9)和1个空白对照组(n=12)。每个实验组分别为3个时间点处理组(24、48、72 h)。实验组采用1次灌服α-荼异硫氰酸盐(ANIT)200 mg/kg方法造成急性肝内胆汁淤积。按时分批取标本,检测其血清和胆汁中sICAM-1水平。结果实验组血清、胆汁中sICAM-1各时间点水平明显高于正常对照组(P均<0.05),其中48 h>72 h>24 h。结论sICAM-1在胆汁淤积中表达升高,与肝脏损伤程度和病程相关。     

以CT和MRI颅底骨成像计算鼻咽癌肿瘤靶体积及邻近危及器官照射剂量的对比研究

目的 比较CT与MRI颅底骨成像差异对鼻咽癌肿瘤靶体积及邻近危及器官照射剂量的影响。方法 从101例鼻咽癌中选出MRI与CT颅底骨成像差异病例26例,分别根据MRI与CT成像信息应用ARTP-TOP 3D-TPS系统制定三维适形计划,比较两计划中GTV_MR和GTV_CT,及邻近危及器官的平均剂量和D₅平均剂量。结果 GTV_MR为(47.0±16.3)cm³,GTV_CT为(31.6±10.0)cm³,差异有统计学意义(Z＝4.462,P＜0.01);MRI计划中的脑干、垂体、左右颞叶和左右眼球的平均剂量大于CT计划中相应器官的平均剂量(P＜0.05);两个计划中脊髓平均剂量比较差异无统计学意义;MRI计划中的脑干、脊髓、垂体、左右颞叶、左右眼球的D₅平均剂量均大于CT计划中相应器官的D₅平均剂量(P＜0.05)。结论 根据MRI制定的三维适形计划,肿瘤靶区的剂量覆盖较CT好,但是邻近危及器官组织的照射剂量相对CT的较高。     

继发性肝癌的外科治疗

目的探讨继发性肝癌的手术适应证和方法。方法对52例继发性肝癌的临床病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果分别采用了左半肝切除、右半肝切除、左外叶切除、右前叶切除、右后叶切除和肝楔形切除术。术后1、3、5年的生存率分别为28.3%、19.4%和11.9%。结论对适合手术的继发性肝癌,行肝切除术可以获得满意的效果。     

Youth Tobacco Access and Possession Policy Interventions: Effects on Observed and Perceived Tobacco Use

This study evaluated the effects of tobacco Purchase, Use and Possession (PUP) laws on student perceptions of adolescent tobacco use within towns and schools. Twenty‐four towns were randomly assigned into two conditions, the experimental condition (E PUP) involved efforts to increase both PUP law enforcement and reduce minors' access to commercial sources of tobacco, whereas the control condition (C) focused only on efforts to reduce minors' access to commercial sources of tobacco. A hierarchical linear modeling analytical approach was selected due to the multilevel data and nested design. The present study found that over time, youth in the experimental PUP condition observed less youth tobacco usage at school and in their town, and perceived lower rates of tobacco among their peers at school and among friends than youth in the control condition. The findings suggest that PUP law enforcement might be used to strengthen community norms against youth tobacco use.     

多节段髓内星形细胞瘤的临床研究

目的 探讨不同年龄段、恶性程度不同的多节段髓内星形细胞瘤患者的诊治特点.方法 21例多节段(3个椎体节段以上)髓内星形细胞瘤患者均行后正中入路显微镜下肿瘤切除术,以UOA分值差(术后UOA和术前UOA差值)评估手术效果.以Logistic回归和多元线性同归分析统计学数据.结果 肿瘤性质直接影响肿瘤的切除程度(X2=10.41,P=0.03),高度恶性肿瘤只能大部切除或减压.年龄(X2=12.53,P=0.01)、肿瘤性质(X2=16.44,P=0.002)和部位(X2=27.12,P=0.04)影响近期手术效果(UOA分值差);青少年患者、低度恶性肿瘤手术效果较好,单纯累及胸段的患者手术效果差.结论 低度恶性或青少年多节段髓内星形细胞瘤患者应尽早手术,术后疗效满意.     

调节血脂:来自心脏病学者的经验

本刊2009年第1期重点为:调脂治疗.目前以3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A(HMG-CoA)还原酶抑制药即他汀类药物为代表的调脂治疗,已被公认为心脑血管疾病的常规治疗方法;它们通过抑制体内胆固醇合成途径而降低血清胆固醇水平.     

新生儿出生信息样本分析

目的:了解和探讨新生儿出生信息的分布态势及规律。方法:对本院2006年1~6月间所有新生儿出生信息进行样本分析。结果:半年间分娩的新生儿共1075例,其中死亡19例,双胞胎15例,以1028例单胎活产新生儿的出生体重、胎龄及产妇年龄作为研究样本进行分析,统计数据与传统意义上的正常胎龄和新生儿体重基本相符,胎龄、体重均值均有所提高。结论:孕产妇的健康状况和新生儿的体质均有所改善,随胎龄的增加,新生儿出生体重亦随之增加,并且,目前新生儿的整体统计体重要大于现有的临床指标,因此,应对现有的临床指标进行适当调整,重新确定低出生体重儿和巨大儿的临床指标。     

维生素D受体基因多态性与汉族人群慢性牙周炎易感性的关系

目的 探讨维生素D受体(VDR)基因多态性与汉族人群慢性牙周炎(CP)易感性的关系。方法 收集汉族轻、中、重度CP患者共166例及80名无牙周炎对照者的颊黏膜拭子，以Chelex-100法提取DNA，采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法测定VDR BsmI、VDR ApaI和VDR TaqI的基因型，分析组间基因型分布和等位基因频率的差异。结果 轻、中、重度CP患者中VDR ApaI等位基因A携带者明显多于对照组，重度CP与中度CP、重度CP与轻度CP患者间VDR ApaI基因型的分布差异均有统计学意义，中度CP与轻度CP患者间VDR ApaI基因型分布差异无统计学意义，而VDR BsmI、TaqI位点的基因型分布在患者组和对照组间差异无统计学意义。结论 VDR ApaI等位基因A可能与汉族人群CP的易感性有关。     

Crystal and molecular structure of l-valyl-l-lysine hydrochloride

l -Valyl-l -lysine hydrochloride, C₁₁N₃O₃H₂₃ HCl, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2, with a = 5.438(5), b = 14.188(5), c = 9.521(5) Å, β= 95.38(2)° and Z = 2. The crystal structure, solved by direct methods, refined to R = 0.036, using full matrix least-squares method. The peptide exists in a zwitterionic form, with the N atom of the lysine side-chain protonated. The two γ-carbons of the valine side-chain have positional disorder, giving rise to two conformations, χ¹¹₁= -67.3 and 65.9°, one of which (65.9°) is sterically less favourable and has been found to be less popular amongst residues branching at β-C. The lysine side-chain has the geometry of g^? tgt, not seen in crystal structures of the dipeptides reported so far. Interestingly, χ³₂ (63.6°) of lysine side-chain has a gauche⁺ conformation unlike in most of the other structures, where it is trans. The neighbouring peptide molecules are hydrogen bonded in a head-to-tail fashion, a rather uncommon interaction in lysine peptide structures. The structure shows considerable similarity with that of l -Lys-l -Val HO in conformational angles and H-bond interactions [4].