PF4通过NF-κB上调巨噬细胞MMP-9表达

目的观察血小板因子4(PF4)是否通过核因子κB(NF-κB)上调THP-1单核源性巨噬细胞基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)表达。方法佛玻酯诱导THP-1细胞分化成巨噬细胞。巨噬细胞分别在NF-κB抑制剂(PDTC)缺乏或存在情况下与溶媒或PF4(100μg/L)孵育一定时间,RT-PCR检测MMP-9 mRNA水平;同时,巨噬细胞与PF4(25~200μg/L)单独或结合Toll样受体4(TLR4)阻断剂(抗体HTA125,anti-TLR4)孵育,ELISA法检测NF-κB含量。结果 PF4较对照组上调巨噬细胞MMP-9 mRNA水平。而NF-κB抑制剂抑制PF4诱导的巨噬细胞MMP-9表达上调。PF4呈浓度依赖性增加巨噬细胞的NF-κB含量,最大效应浓度为100μg/L。TLR4阻断剂逆转PF4诱导的巨噬细胞NF-κB含量增加。结论 PF4可能通过NF-κB上调巨噬细胞MMP-9的表达。TLR4可能是PF4-NF-κB通路中NF-κB的上游信号分子。     

静脉输注免疫球蛋白对呼吸机相关肺炎疗效的系统评价

目的 系统评价免疫球蛋白(IVIG)治疗呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)相关研究,分析其有效性,为临床治疗策略提供依据。方法 系统检索CNKI、万方、CBM、Pubmed、Embase、ISI及Cochrane数据库中相关文献,采用Cochrane标准评价纳入研究偏倚风险,Meta分析结合描述性分析研究数据。结果 ①纳入6个随机对照研究,435例低体质量儿、早产儿及婴儿VAP患者,质量一般。②Meta分析结果显示IVIG组死亡率低于非IVIG组[RR=0.33,95%CI(0.18~0.60),P=0.0002];IVIG组血液免疫球蛋白浓度比对照组高3.19 mg/L [MD=3.19,95%CI(3.02~3.37),P<0.05];③IVIG组败血症[RR=0.14,95%CI(0.04~0.51),P=0.003]和多器官功能衰竭发生率[RR=0.51,95%CI(0.30~0.88),P=0.02]低于对照。结论 IVIG主要用于早产儿及低体质量儿VAP患者,可能提高体液免疫,降低败血症和多器官功能衰竭发生率,减少患者病死率,改善预后。     

Anomalous functional connectivity within the default-mode network in treatment-naive patients possessing first-episode major depressive disorder

Background and Objective:Previous studies have shown that the default-mode network (DMN) has a substantial role in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, there is a shortage of information regarding variations in the functional connectivity (FC) of the DMN of treatment-naive patients with first-episode MDD. The present study aims to explore the FC of the DMN in such patients.Methods:The study population consisted of 33 patients and 35 controls, paired regarding age, gender, education level, and health condition. Depression severity was assessed through the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), and subjects underwent evaluation during the resting-state through functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). To assess the result, we used FC and ICA. We used Spearman''s correlation test to detect potential correlations between anomalous FC and severity of HAM-D scores.Results:We have found a decreased FC in the left medial orbitofrontal gyrus (MOFG) and right marginal gyrus (SMG) in depressive patients compared to controls. There was a negative correlation between abnormal FC in the right SMG and HAM-D scores. We have not found any increase in FC of the DMN in treatment-naive, first-episode of MDD patients.Conclusions:Our study provided evidence of a negative correlation between abnormal FC in the DMN and severity of depression symptoms measured by HAM-D in treatment-naive MDD patients. This finding could shed some light on the relevance of DMN for understanding the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment in MDD.     

Sedentary behavior is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A generalized propensity score-weighted analysis

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth and third leading cause of death worldwide and in China, respectively. Sedentary behavior has been shown to increase the risk of respiratory disease, such as asthma. However, the relationship between sedentary behavior and COPD is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between sedentary behavior and COPD.Data was extracted from the 2018 a large-scale cross-sectional study of Chronic Disease and Lifestyle Population Survey in Sichuan Province of China, in which sedentary behavior and chronic diseases were self-reported according to medical records. The association between sedentary behavior on risk of COPD was estimated using multivariable regression model in non-matching cohorts and generalized propensity score-weighted (GPSW)cohorts, respectively, controlling for potential confounders.Individuals who remained sedentary for more than 7 hours per day were more likely to have COPD than the control group (<3 hours) both in conventional multivariate logistic regression analysis (OR = 2.020, 95%CI: 1.575–2.585, P < .001) and GPSW analysis (OR = 2.381, 95%CI: 1.778–3.188, P < .001). After GPSW and the sensitivity analysis using refined smoking variable further found a dose-effect between sedentary behavior and COPD, with 1.242 (95%CI: 1.006–1.532, P < .05) times risk of COPD in those sedentary behavior of more than 5 hours per day (GPSW) and 1.377 (95%CI: 1.092–1.736, P < .05) times risk in those sedentary behavior above 5 hours per day (sensitivity analysis), comparing with the control group.Sedentary behavior is independently associated with increased risk of COPD, adjusting for other confounders. The findings of this study have important implications for future research and public health guidance. Reducing sedentary time may have a significant role in COPD prevention.     

Novel research synergized by Chinese medicine pattern classification in rheumatoid arthritis

Clinical Rheumatology -     

Fabrication and photocatalytic property of magnetic SrTiO3/NiFe2O4 heterojunction nanocomposites

Novel multifunctional SrTiO₃/NiFe₂O₄ nanocomposites were successfully fabricated via a two-step route. The as-prepared samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), field-emission transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The results indicate that the SrTiO₃/NiFe₂O₄ heterostructures are composed of SrTiO₃ spheroidal nanoparticles adhered to NiFe₂O₄ polyhedra. The heterojunction established in the composite material accelerates the process of electron–hole pair separation and boosts the photo-Fenton reaction. Among the samples, 15 wt% SrTiO₃/NiFe₂O₄ nanocomposites exhibit a powerful light response and excellent room temperature ferromagnetism. Subsequently, the photocatalytic degradation of RhB over the as-prepared samples was investigated and optimized, revealing that the 15 wt% SrTiO₃/NiFe₂O₄ nanocomposites exhibit the best photocatalytic activity and stability under simulated solar light irradiation. Furthermore, according to experimental results, the possible mechanism of improved photocatalytic activity was also proposed.

Photocatalytic degradation of RhB for all samples under simulated solar light illumination and absorption spectra of RhB over 15 wt% SrTiO₃/NiFe₂O₄ nanocomposites.     

Layer-by-layer assembled polyaniline/carbon nanomaterial-coated cellulosic aerogel electrodes for high-capacitance supercapacitor applications

Traditional layer-by-layer (LbL) assembled electrodes are mostly multilayer composites formed on two-dimensional membrane materials. In this case, the electroactive material cannot enter the interior of the substrate. With porous aerogels as the substrate, the LbL assembly of the electroactive material into the three-dimensional aerogel skeleton can be realised, greatly improving the utilisation and the electrochemical performance of the electroactive material. To create a promising aerogel electrode for high-performance energy storage devices, we herein report an aerogel based on wood pulp fibre (WPF) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), for use as a porous substrate for LbL assembly of nanostructural polyaniline (PANI) and graphene oxide (GO) or carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CMCNT). Owing to the uniformly distributed multilayer nanoarchitecture, interpenetrating channels, and hydrophilic character of the cellulosic aerogel substrate, the produced electrodes of (PANI/CMCNT)₁₀ and (PANI/CMCNT)₁₀ both display high specific capacitances, favourable capacitance retention, good cycling stabilities, and structural flexibility. In the three-electrode test, their gravimetric specific capacitances are as high as 716.62 and 636.63 F g⁻¹, respectively. In addition, the assembled symmetric supercapacitors show good areal specific capacitances (1.95 and 1.49 F cm⁻²) in addition to high areal specific energies (168.64 and 113.57 mW h cm⁻², respectively). These results demonstrate that the integration of the LbL-assembled electroactive materials and porous cellulosic aerogel substrate can be a promising strategy to design high-efficiency green energy storage devices.

Cellulosic aerogel was used as a porous lightweight substrate to layer-by-layer assembly polyaniline and carbon nanomaterials for high capacitance supercapacitor applications.     

中国慢性病前瞻性研究:10个项目地区成年人肺功能指标水平和气流受限现患率的差异分析

目的 描述中国慢性病前瞻性研究(CKB)10个地区人群肺功能指标水平和气流受限现患率的地区差异。方法 剔除基线调查时肺功能指标异常个体后,分析10个地区512 495名30～79岁调查对象肺功能指标水平(FEV₁和FVC)和气流受限(分别采用GOLD标准和LLN标准进行判断)现患率的地区差异。结果 10个地区男性的FEV₁(2.66 L)和FVC(3.16 L)均高于女性(1.99 L和2.35 L);河南和哈尔滨人群FEV₁和FVC高于其他地区。基于GOLD标准的气流受限现患率:男性(5.13%)高于女性(3.75%);农村人群高于城市(男性:6.32% vs. 3.47%;女性:4.26% vs. 2.97%);四川人群现患率最高(男性为13.34%,女性为10.70%),其次是苏州、河南和湖南。基于LLN标准的气流受限现患率(男性为6.93%,女性为6.29%)略高于GOLD标准,但地区差异近似。结论 CKB的10个地区人群无论在肺功能指标水平和气流受限现患率上均存在明显的地区差异。     

中国1995－2012年双生子出生体重变化趋势分析

目的 描述分析中国双生子出生体重变化趋势。方法 使用中国双生子登记系统在中国8个省份收集的1995-2012年出生的双生子人群(共10 827对),采用病例回顾方法分析出生体重各指标情况和变化趋势。结果 调整性别、卵型、出生地区后,出生年份每推迟5年,双生子出生体重平均值降低0.01 kg(P=0.041).随着时间变化,双生子优势方出生体重、劣势方出生体重均不同程度地降低,出生体重相对差与出生体重不一致率在2007年以后有升高趋势。结论 1995-2012年中国双生子出生体重呈下降趋势,出生体重不一致率逐渐上升。考虑到出生体重不一致与某些不良健康结局的风险存在关联,应对双生子出生体重不一致予以重视。