Pyrosequencing-based approach for rapid detection of rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Rifampin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis could be determined within 2 h by using pyrosequencing-based approach. Pyrosequencing results of rifampin-resistant (n = 21) and rifampin-susceptible (n = 20) M. tuberculosis isolates were concordant with those based on drug susceptibility testing and conventional DNA sequencing. Results showed pyrosequencing-based approach is a rapid, sensitive, and efficient detection method of rifampin-resistant M. tuberculosis.     

大鼠骨髓基质干细胞在成骨诱导剂条件下的成骨能力

目的:观察在有成骨诱导剂存在的条件下,大鼠骨髓基质干细胞向成骨细胞转化的能力。方法:实验于2005-07/12在锦州医学院中心实验室完成。选取清洁级2月龄SD大鼠6只,无菌条件下取双侧股骨,制备单细胞悬液。采用贴壁培养与传代结合方法分离纯化大鼠骨髓基质干细胞,将2代细胞置于含有1×10-7mol/L地塞米松、10mol/Lβ-甘油磷酸钠、50mg/L抗坏血酸成骨诱导剂的培养基中,培养21～30d。应用倒置显微镜观察骨髓基质干细胞与诱导后细胞形态,描绘生长曲线,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期,并用碱性磷酸酶染色和VON-KOSSA法检测成骨能力。结果:6只大鼠均进入结果分析。①骨髓基质干细胞形态学观察结果:在成骨诱导剂里细胞增殖变缓慢,呈长梭形、成纤维细胞样或不规则形。②细胞生长曲线:1～2d为潜伏期,细胞增殖不明显;3d后细胞增殖明显加快,进入对数生长期;6d后增殖变慢为平台期。经计算细胞群体倍增时间为38h。③细胞增殖周期检测结果:G0/G1期为(82.12±4.60)%,S期为(14.35±2.32)%,G2/M期为(0.87±0.30)%。④成骨能力检测结果:细胞碱性磷酸酶染色阳性率为86%,VON-KOSSA染色提示有钙结节形成。结论:大鼠骨髓基质干细胞在有成骨诱导剂存在的情况下成骨能力较高。     

灌注法子宫声学造影诊断宫内病变

本文应用灌注法子宫声学造影诊断宫内病变７０例，并与常规的经腹和经阴道超声检查法以及病理和手术结果作对照分析。结果表明：①灌注造影可直观地显示宫腔内病变的形态和回声特点。初步作出内膜息肉，粘膜下肌瘤，增生过长或内膜癌的具体诊断。②灌注造影提高了宫内膜病变诊断的敏感性和特异性（分别为９７．６％和６６．７％，常规超声为９３．９％和４８．６％），提出灌注法子宫声学造影是诊断宫内病变的新方法，不仅提高了这一妇科常见病的诊断水平，而且可避免盲目刮宫的创伤和减少并发症，尤其对粘膜下肌瘤的诊断优于刮宫术     

小儿急性肠套叠空气灌肠整复失败原因分析

目的 探讨肠套叠空气灌肠整复的影响因素，提高肠套叠压力整复操作的安全性。方法 回顾性分析近5年来经我科诊治的217例小儿急性肠套叠的影像学、临床资料及未能整复的21例的手术病理改变。结果 整复失败21例手术所见：复杂型套叠15例、回结型套叠6例；术后病理改变：肠管坏死2例、器质性肠套叠1例、肠壁严重充血水肿18例。灌肠术中无一例并发穿孔。结论 整复失败与病程长、肠壁严重充血水肿及肠管坏死、患者年龄小、复杂型肠套叠、肠道畸形等有关。X线示套头大、分叶状，压力灌肠时显示“嵌顿征”、“绞窄征”及“弹簧套”等难以整复的重要征象。     

氯诺昔康治疗中重度癌痛32例

INTRODUCTION２０００－０２／０８，effectoflornoxicam（LNS）oncancerpainwastestedclinicallyinTumorHospital，ChineseAcademyofMedicalScience，PekingUnionMedicalCollege．ThetestwasratifiedbyStateDrugadministrationandinchargeofTumorHospital，ChineseAcademyofMedicalScience，PekingUnionMedicalCollege．Theobjectiveoftestwastoinvestigateadministrationapproaches，efficacy，andsafetyofLNXoncancerpain[１－５]．SUBJECTSANDMETHODSSubjects３２patientswereevaluatedincluding１８menand１…     

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonic parametric perfusion imaging in the evaluation of antiangiogenic tumor treatment

Purpose

To assess the validity of contrast-enhanced ultrasonic parametric perfusion imaging in the evaluation of antiangiogenic tumor treatment by using histology as the reference standard.

Materials and methods

H22 hepatoma-bearing mice were treated with thalidomide or placebo by intraperitoneal injection. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was performed on day 8 after bolus injection of SonoVue. Three different parametric perfusion images were calculated based on the following parameters: area under the curve (AUC), maximum intensity (IMAX) and perfusion index (PI). A score from 1 to 5 (1 = low, 5 = excellent) was used for analysis of parametric perfusion images by two independent readers. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed for evaluation of microvascular density (MVD).

Results

Treatment with thalidomide resulted in a significant decrease in perfusion scores assigned to AUC, IMAX and PI parametric images as compared with control tumors (P < 0.001). Immunohistochemistry showed significant decreases of MVD in treated tumors as compared with control tumors (P = 0.002). MVD was positively correlated with the perfusion scores assigned to AUC parametric images (r = 0.568, P = 0.009), IMAX parametric images (r = 0.614, P = 0.004) and PI parametric images (r = 0.636, P = 0.003).

Conclusion

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonic parametric perfusion imaging provides a noninvasive tool to directly visualize tumor perfusion changes after antiangiogenic tumor treatment.     

Molecular imaging of small animals with fluorescent proteins: from projection to multimodality

Fluorescent proteins (FPs) have been widely adopted in cell research for protein trafficking and reporter gene expression studies, as well as to study other biological processes. However, biological tissue has high light scattering and high absorption coefficients of visible light; hence, using FPs in small animal imaging remains a challenge, especially when the FPs are located deep in the tissue. In small animals, fluorescence molecular imaging could potentially address this difficulty. We constructed fluorescence molecular imaging systems that have two modes: a planner mode (projection imaging) and a multimodality mode (fluorescence molecular tomography and micro-CT). The planner mode can provide projection images of a fluorophore in the whole body of a small animal, whereas three-dimensional information can be offered by multimodality mode. The planner imaging system works in the reflection mode and is designed to provide fast imaging. The multimodality imaging system is designed to allow quantification and three-dimensional localization of fluorophores. A nude mouse with a tumour targeted with a far-red FP, which is appropriate for in vivo imaging, was adopted to validate the two systems. The results indicate that the planner imaging system is probably suitable for high throughput molecular imaging, whereas the multimodality imaging system is fit for quantitative research.     

Relationship between the expression of MDR1 in hepatocellular cancer and its biological behaviors

Objective: By the detection of HBV infection, AFP and AST, the targets of biological behavior and the gene expression of multi-drug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we investigate characteristics of the expression of MDR1 in HCC and its relationship with HCC biological behavior. Methods: Using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR) to detect the expressions of MDR1 in 102 samples of HCC tissue and 20 samples of non-cancerous tissue, we analyze the relationship between expressions of MDR1 and biological characteristics of HCC. Results: The expression of MDR1 in HCC is 0.55±0.27, and in normal liver tissues is 0.23±0.10, respectively. The expression in HCC is higher than it in normal liver tissue, the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05) and the difference between the expression and the HCC envelopes is statistically significant, and the expression increases along with the increase of Edmondson classification (P<0.05). HBV infection, AFP positive, the rise of AST, all these factors have positive correlations with the expression (r=0.463, 0.473, 0.299). In MDR1 expressions of HCC patients, the survival curve of the negative is higher than that of the positive, but the difference is not statistically significant. Conclusion: There are drug resistance phenomena in HCC, MDR1 expression may play an important role in primary HCC drug resistance. HBV infection can be detected as a reference indicator of HCC chemotherapy resistance, plasma levels of AFP, AST can be used as a reference index change dynamic monitoring of MDR1 expression.