Studies of the human oropharyngeal airspaces using magnetic resonance imaging IV--the oropharyngeal retention effect for four inhalation delivery systems.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the oropharyngeal region from 20 adult volunteers using four model inhalation devices (varying mouthpiece diameters, airflow resistances) and tidal breathing was carried out. Statistical analysis (convex hull method) selected 12 scans from 80 data sets representing the extremes of all dimensions in the population. Twelve physical mouth-throat models were made by stereolithography using the exact scan data. The aim was to produce models with varying dimensions to span the adult population, and to investigate if oropharyngeal dimensions affected throat retention for different delivery systems. In an in vitro analysis, the models were used to determine the retention effect of the oropharyngeal airspaces when drug aerosols were administered from four inhalation delivery systems: a pressurised metered dose inhaler (pMDI), two different dry powder inhalers (DPIs A and B), and a nebulizer. The aims of this work were to determine the key parameters governing mouth-throat retention and whether retention was dependent on the delivery system used. Characterizing the throat models by measuring 51 different dimensional variables enabled determination of the most influential variables for dose retention for each inhalation delivery system. Throat model retention was found to be dependent on the delivery system (pMDI approximately DPI(A) > DPI(B) > Neb.). The most influential variable was the total throat model volume. Throat models representing high, median, and low oropharyngeal filtration in healthy adults have been identified.     

自体表皮细胞培养与异体真皮组合应用研究

严重烧伤病人皮肤修复中主要未解决的问题是真皮的替代。动物实验结果表明，异体皮移植后５天，用自体培养表皮细胞膜片覆盖真皮床，１４天后复合皮成活率是８４．６％±２．４％。组织学检查证实表皮已形成了复层结构，可见基底层、颗粒层和角质层。临床应用中，异体皮移植后１０天，去除异体表皮覆盖病人的自体培养表皮，３５天后未见排斥征象，异体真皮促进了培养表皮的分层、成熟和完整，组织学检查证实表皮细胞的边缘清楚，已分化形成颗粒层和角质层，真皮多细胞，已血管化，但表皮嵴缺乏。     

对一宗入境二级放射货包的监测结果分析

汕头卫生检疫局空港处对汕头航空口岸—宗入境二级货包的监测过程及对有关运输工作人员作了放射知识问卷调查。从中发现。运输单位货物存放设施落后。有关工作人员放射卫生知识欠缺，对放射污染可能造成的危害缺乏正确的认识。为此，笔者提出了自己的看法，以期对放射监测工作的进一步完善提供参考。     

Intraportal allogeneic transplantation of the islets of Langerhans cultures in the complex treatment of surgical patients with diabetes mellitus

The article presents results of treatment of 21 patients with a surgical pathology and diabetes mellitus who had intraportal allotransplantation of cultures of islet cells of the pancreas and 316 patients with the similar surgical pathology without such transplantation. It was found that the intraportal introduction of islet cell cultures into the liver can result in an early and considerable drop of the injected insulin dose which is very important in the postoperative period. This method allowed to make the period of treatment at the hospital approximately 15 days shorter.     

羟乙基淀粉容量治疗对高龄病人手术的血流动力学影响

目的观察羟乙基淀粉130/0.4氯化纳注射液(6%HES,万汶),应用于老年患者容量治疗时对血流动力学的影响。方法选择30例ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级择期手术的老年患者,给予万汶进行容量治疗,观察术中血流动力学变化。结果所有患者术中血流动力学保持稳定。结论万汶应用于老年患者进行容量治疗时血流动力学保持稳定。     

椎管镜技术治疗腰椎间盘突出症并侧隐窝狭窄

目的 :探讨椎管镜技术治疗腰椎间盘突出症并侧隐窝狭窄的临床效果。方法 :采用显微内窥镜椎间盘切除系统治疗腰椎间盘突出症并侧隐窝狭窄 860例。结果 :临床疗效参照NaKai分级 ,70 9例获得随访 ,平均 2年 7个月 ,优 ,5 5 9例 ;良 ,12 7例 ;可 ,2 3例。结论 :椎管镜技术是治疗腰椎间盘疾病安全有效的方法 ,住院时间短 ,恢复快 ,但操作技术有待进一步提高。     

钕激光照射对大鼠肿瘤生长的抑制作用

目的:研究钕激光照射对大鼠肿瘤生长的抑制作用.方法:采用钕激光在实验组荷瘤大鼠的肿瘤区及其肿瘤区周围进行照射,并观察抑制肿瘤的效果.结果:实验组大鼠肿瘤体的生长速度明显慢于对照组大鼠肿瘤体的生长速度.结论:用钕激光照射对抑制癌肿瘤的生长速度有明显的作用.     

宫腔镜双极汽化电切术临床分析

目的 探讨宫腔镜双极汽化切割术的安全性和疗效。方法 术前宫腔镜诊断均为黏膜下肌瘤和肌壁间凸向宫腔肌瘤36例，在宫腔镜下施行双极汽化电切术。结果 手术成功率100％，手术时间10-70分钟，平均32分钟；出血量12-100ml，平均28ml；标本重15-42g，平均31g。术中、术后无并发症。术后满意率94．4％。结论 宫腔镜双极汽化切割术具有手术时间短、出血少、无并发症等优点，疗效满意。     

Characteristics of manifest glaucoma at early stages

Intraocular pressures and optic disc hemorrhages were studied in all cases of manifest glaucoma detected in a defined population over a decade. High intraocular pressure was found to be an unreliable signat the detection of a glaucomatous visual field defect and an unusual finding 5–10 yearsbefore. The prevalence of optic disc hemorrhages at the detection of a glaucomatous visual field defect was 33%. All but 9 of 44 persons with manifest glaucoma were found to have had at least one optic disc hemorrhage at one time or another.