新型严重脓毒症治疗剂--重组人激活蛋白C

通过文献检索综述了用于治疗成人严重脓毒症的药物重组人激活蛋白C的药理作用、药代动力学及临床评价.在1690名患者参加的PROWESS临床试验中,它可以降低严重脓毒症患者28天治疗期内各种原因的死亡率且使用较安全.     

海生素冻干粉的质量控制及HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的 建立海生素冻干粉的质量控制方法及其高效液相指纹图谱。方法 用茚三酮反应和双缩脲反应对海生素冻干粉进行鉴别；用氮测定法测定海生素冻干粉中的氮含量，并用高效液相色谱法建立海生素冻干粉的高效液相指纹图谱。结果 茚三酮反应和双缩脲反应呈阳性，海生素冻干粉中氮含量不低于6．0％，且各批次间样品的指纹图谱一致，冻干粉质量稳定。结论 建立的方法分析快速、准确，可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

利用稻瘟霉分生孢子跟踪分离面包海星中的海星皂苷活性成分

目的研究面包海星中的海星皂苷活性成分。方法以稻瘟霉模型进行活性监测，采用多种层析手段和波谱技术对海星皂苷活性成分跟踪分离并鉴定其结构。结果分离获得14个海星皂苷，鉴定了其中12个结构(1～12)，包括7个新的海星皂苷(6～12)。其中大多对稻瘟霉显示活性且对K-562和BEL-7402肿瘤细胞株显示显著或中等强度的细胞毒性，2个皂苷有溶血作用。结论利用稻瘟霉模型对海星皂苷活性成分进行跟踪分离是可行的，该研究也为进一步开发抗肿瘤新药提供了有价值的先导化合物和科学依据。     

拉呋替丁鼠伤寒沙门氏菌基因回复突变试验

目的　体外观察拉呋替丁能否诱发鼠伤寒沙门氏菌组氨酸营养缺陷型突变株的回复突变。方法　Ames试验用TA97、TA98、TA10 0、TA10 2菌株并分加与不加肝微粒体酶活化系统( +/ -S9)试验。结果　拉呋替丁对四个菌株各剂量组的回复菌落数都未超过自然回复菌落数,Ames试验结果为阴性。结论　未见拉呋替丁致突变性。     

38例女性戒毒人员院内心理综合干预的半年操守情况分析

目的:探索较为有效的综合性的院内心理干预方法,以降低女性戒毒人员的复吸率和延长其操守时间。方法:采取授课、心理训练和疏导等方式,运用认知疗法、脱敏疗法、放松训练、心理疏导等方法进行心理干预。结果:干预出院后38例中13例半年内未复吸、12例已复吸、13例失访,半年复吸率在31 .6 % - 6 5 . 8%之间,且本次干预后的操守时间比干预前一次显著延长(P <0. 0 1)。结论:运用心理综合干预措施对院内女性戒毒者进行干预可降低其半年复吸率和延长操守时间。     

罗哌卡因和布比卡因对心脏毒性作用的比较

目的 :探讨 1%罗哌卡因和 0 .75 %布比卡因用于硬膜外麻醉时对心脏的毒性作用。方法 :选择择期硬膜外麻醉患者 4 0例 ,ASAⅠ级～Ⅱ级。随机分为罗哌卡因组 (R组 ,2 0例 )和布比卡因组 (B组 ,2 0例 ) ,分别于麻醉前 (T0 )和麻醉平面绝对后 (T1)抽取静脉血 3mL ,测定血清心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)的浓度 ,CK MB与CK的活性 ,记录相应时点的MAP ,HR和SpO2 值。结果 :两组患者于麻醉平面绝对后相应指标均较麻醉前有所增高 (P <0 .0 1)。两组间相比麻醉平面绝对后相应指标R组低于B组 ,但无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :罗哌卡因用于硬膜外麻醉时对心脏的毒性作用小于布比卡因 ,对血流动力学的影响小 ,用于心脏病非心脏手术的患者较布比卡因安全可靠。     

Expression of cytochrome p450 and other biotransformation genes in fetal and adult human nasal mucosa.

Despite recent progress in the identification and characterization of numerous nasal biotransformation enzymes in laboratory animals, the expression of biotransformation genes in human nasal mucosa remains difficult to study. Given the potential role of nasal biotransformation enzymes in the metabolism of airborne chemicals, including fragrance compounds and therapeutic agents, as well as the potential interspecies differences between laboratory animals and humans, it would be highly desirable to identify those biotransformation genes that are expressed in human nasal mucosa. In this study, a global gene expression analysis was performed to compare biotransformation enzymes expressed in human fetal and adult nasal mucosa to those expressed in liver. The identities of a list of biotransformation genes with apparently nasal mucosa-selective expression were subsequently confirmed by RNA-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing of the PCR products. Further quantitative RNA-PCR experiments indicated that, in the fetus, aldehyde dehydrogenase 6 (ALDH6), CYP1B1, CYP2F1, CYP4B1, and UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2A1 are expressed preferentially in the nasal mucosa and that ALDH7, flavin-containing monooxygenase 1, and glutathione S-transferase P1 are at least as abundant in the nasal mucosa as in the liver. The nasal mucosal expression of CYP2E1 was also detected. These findings provide a basis for further explorations of the metabolic capacity of the human nasal mucosa for xenobiotic compounds.