菌斑固相、变形链球菌及葡聚糖对酸的缓冲作用

目的研究糖代谢后菌斑固相缓冲力的变化及影响因素。方法采集40名18~21岁的大学生的饥饿牙菌斑,体外10%蔗糖孵育1h。体外制备无糖培养和2%蔗糖培养的变链菌团。以25mmol/L KCl制备菌斑固相、变链菌团和不溶性葡聚糖混悬液及可溶性葡聚糖溶液,用1mmol/LHCl滴定并计数细菌密度,统计学分析。结果变链菌团代谢蔗糖后的缓冲容量为(0·099±0·047)mmol/L,比无蔗糖培养的变链菌团的缓冲容量(0·609±0·202)mmol/L低,且缓冲力随细菌密度降低直线下降,葡聚糖几乎没有缓冲作用[(0·028~0·032)mmol/L]。人牙菌斑固相缓冲力的变化规律与体外纯菌培养研究结果一致。结论菌斑固相缓冲力与所含细菌密度密切相关。     

630名四川农村成人牙本质敏感流行病学调查分析

目的 了解四川省农村成人牙本质敏感的患病状况,并探讨可能的危险因素.方法 采用多阶段、分层、等容量、随机抽样的方法,对四川省农村630名成人进行牙本质敏感问卷调查和口腔临床检查,使用SPSS 18.0软件对调查数据进行统计分析.结果 四川省农村成人牙本质敏感的患病率为27.9%,酸刺激是最常见的敏感诱发因素.第一前磨牙...     

National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children 0-17 Years of Age in China

The main purpose of the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for children 0-17 years of age in China (CNHSC) was to collect basic data on the nutrition, development, and health status for children in different regions across China using evidence-based, reliable, and cost-effective approaches. Children and their parents or guardians from seven regions (south, southwest, north, northwest, eastern, central, and northeast China) in China were recruited. A multi-stage stratified randomized sampling method was used. Two provinces were randomly sampled from each of the seven regions, from which one urban district and one rural country were also randomly sampled, resulting in a total of 28 survey counties/districts. Dietary surveys, health examinations, laboratory testing, and questionnaires were used to collect dietary intake, nutritional status, child development, and health status information. Nutrition, health, and lifestyle assessment of children and their parents was determined using the Knowledge Attitude Practice (KAP) survey. Greater than 100,000 children (38,000 children < 6 years of age and 66,000 children 6-17 years of age) completed the survey. The survey provided comprehensive data on child nutrition and health status for future studies and will serve as the basis for an integrated nutrition and health improvement strategies proposal for children in China.     

Comparative Study of the Genetic Diversity,Antimicrobial Resistance,and Pathogenicity of Aeromonas Isolates from Clinical Patients and Healthy Individuals

Objective This study was performed to compare the genetic diversity, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas strains isolated from patients and healthy individuals. Methods A total of 38 clinical strains and 19 strains from healthy individuals were isolated from the samples collected in Ma'anshan City, Anhui Province. Their taxonomy was investigated using concatenated gyrB-cpn60 sequences, and their resistance to 12 antibiotics was evaluated. The pathogenicity of these strains was examined through beta-hemolysis, protease activity, and virulence gene assays. Results The 57 Aeromonas strains were divided into 55 sequence types. Of these types, 21 were novel, suggesting that their genetic diversity was high. These Aeromonas isolates could be divided into 7 species, and the positive rates of beta-hemolysis and protease activity were 49.1％ and 73.7％, respectively. The detection rate of clinical patients in terms of beta-hemolysis and protease activity was higher than that of healthy individuals. Among the four most common Aeromonas strains, A. dhakensis had the highest detection rate of virulence genes. The multidrug resistance rate of the clinical isolates was much higher than that of the strains isolated from healthy individuals. Conclusions The taxonomy, virulence properties, and antibiotic resistance of Aeromonas isolates from patients differ from those of the isolates from healthy individuals.     

优质护理干预对急性肠胃炎患者心理状态的影响

目的:观察优质护理干预对急性肠胃炎患者心理状态的影响。方法:选取我院急性肠胃炎患者86例(2019年6月至2020年6月),随机分为优质护理的观察组(43例)与常规护理的对照组(43例),观察患者心理状态。结果:与对照组相比,观察组HAMA、HAMD评分明显降低(P <0. 05)。结论:优质护理干预可以明显改善急性肠胃炎患者的心理状态。     

膀胱癌根治与盆腔淋巴结清扫数量研究进展

膀胱癌是泌尿系统最常见的恶性肿瘤,主要发生于膀胱黏膜,也是全身十大常见肿瘤之一.根治性膀胱切除术联合盆腔淋巴结清扫是肌层浸润性膀胱癌的标准手术术式.但目前淋巴结清扫术的清扫范围尚存在争议.多项研究表明,相比标准淋巴结清扫,扩大淋巴结清扫可获得更多益处.但近年来也有研究发现,相比淋巴结的清扫范围,淋巴结的清扫数量对预后的影响更大.本综述对近年来淋巴结计数相关指标如淋巴结清扫数目、阳性淋巴结数以及淋巴结密度等对预后影响的相关研究进行总结,并对建立准确预测膀胱癌患者淋巴转移风险的模型进行了展望.     

冰毒成瘾者脑结构改变的磁共振研究

目的采用AccuBrain全自动大脑结构分割量化技术,探讨冰毒成瘾者与正常人脑结构的差异。材料与方法25例冰毒吸食者及37名正常志愿者采用3.0T磁共振与64通道头部正交线圈进行T1-3D扫描。采用AccuBrain进行后处理,获取脑部各区间结构。基于脑部自动分割结果,对相应脑区的绝对体积和相对体积进行测量。采用SPSS22.0进行统计学分析,结果以P<0.05表示差异具有统计学意义。结果冰毒组的小脑、左侧海马、双侧伏隔区较正常人缩小,左侧侧脑室则较正常人增大。结论吸食冰毒会造成脑结构改变,可针对性进行治疗与预防。     

Intermediate filaments in the medial rectus muscles in patients with concomitant exotropia

International Ophthalmology - Distribution of intermediate filament (IF) proteins in normal extraocular muscles (EOMs) showed that the EOMs differ significantly from the other muscles in the body...     

Transynaptic Changes Evident in Peripheral Axonal Function After Acute Cerebellar Infarct

The cerebellum has a vital role in fine motor control of the limbs. Consequently, downstream changes in peripheral axonal function may develop following a cerebellar infarct, in part, to adapt to the resultant impairment. The present study investigated changes in excitability in ipsilateral and contralateral upper limb peripheral motor axons in patients with acute cerebellar infarct to determine whether plastic changes may have functional relevance. Peripheral nerve excitability studies and detailed clinical assessments of functional impairment were undertaken in 13 patients with acute unilateral cerebellar infarct within 1 week of ictus. Changes were followed longitudinally over 1 year at 3, 6 and 12 months with results compared to 15 age-matched control subjects. Immediately following stroke, there were significant alterations in peripheral nerve excitability parameters in the upper limbs of patients compared to controls that were most evident in the more severely impaired group. There were significant correlations between excitability indices and functional scores in the entire cohort that demonstrated greater changes in axonal function associated with more impairment. Peripheral excitability trended towards normal over the study period in the context of clinical improvement. Following an acute cerebellar infarct, changes were observed in peripheral motor axons bilaterally that were more pronounced in patients with severe functional impairment. The peripheral changes may represent a functionally relevant plastic process reflecting altered activity to adapt to the disability of the stroke.     

国产注射用喷昔洛韦粉针剂改善带状疱疹患者皮损及后遗神经痛症状的随机双盲对照试验

目的:评价国产注射用喷昔洛韦粉针剂改善带状疱疹患者皮损及后遗神经痛症状的疗效和安全性,并与阳性对照药国产注射用阿昔洛韦粉针剂比较。方法:选择2002-07/2003-06于四川大学华西医院皮肤性病科接受住院治疗的带状疱疹患者48例。采用随机双盲、平行对照的临床试验方法,对48例带状疱疹患者随机分为国产注射用喷昔洛韦粉针剂组24例(0.25g/次,每12小时静脉滴注1次)和国产注射用阿昔洛韦粉针剂组24例(0.5g/次,每12小时静脉滴注1次)进行治疗和比较,共用药7d,随访3周。疗效标准:①基本痊愈:皮损基本消退,症状消失,改善率≥90%。②显效:症状和体征改善率≥60%,<90%。③好转:症状和体征改善率≥20%,<60%。④无效:症状和体征改善率<20%。有效率=(显效例数+基本痊愈例数)/全部病例数×100%。结果:共有47例完成了试验,其中喷昔洛韦组23例,1例不符合纳入标准。阿昔洛韦组24例。①随访28d,喷昔洛韦组水疱停止出现时间,水疱消退时间,开始结痂时间,全部结痂时间,开始脱痂时间,全部脱痂时间,疼痛减轻时间,疼痛消失时间,与阿昔洛韦组较接近(P>0.05)。②后遗神经痛的发生率:喷昔洛韦组为13%(3/23),阿昔洛韦组为8.33%(2/24),(P>0.05)。③客观指标(丘疹、水疱、血疱、糜烂、结痂)疗效:治疗7d时总有效率喷昔洛韦组与阿昔洛韦组分别为91%(21/23)和96%(23/24),治疗14d和28d时两组总有效率均为100%;主观指标(疼痛)疗效:治疗7d时总有效率喷昔洛韦组与阿昔洛韦组分别为78%(18/23)和83%(20/24),14d时总有效率分别为87%(20/23)和96%(23/24),28d时总有效率分别为96%(22/23)和100%(24/24)。两组客观指标和主观指标有效率比较,P>0.05。④药物用量:喷昔洛韦组用量0.25g/d,阿昔洛韦组0.5g/d,前者的每日用量明显减少。⑤安全性评估:阿昔洛韦组2例用药后出现一过性肝功能异常;1例出现与药物可能有关的不良反应事件,表现为头晕。喷昔洛韦组没有不良反应发生。结论:国产注射用喷昔洛韦粉针剂和注射用阿昔洛韦粉针剂治疗带状疱疹均能有效地控制皮损和后遗神经痛的发生,但喷昔洛韦组用量较少,无严重不良反应发生,有良好的安全性和耐受性。