成年人群下肢动脉疾病早期变化与脂质代谢特点的相关性分析

目的 研究成年人群下肢动脉硬化早期变化与脂质代谢的临床特点,为有效地开展下肢动脉粥样硬化的一级和二级预防提供依据。方法 调查对象为年龄大于或等于40周岁的某单位人群共525人。下肢动脉硬化诊断方法使用动脉硬化早期测定仪筛检。检测成年人群耾动脉-踝动脉搏波传导速度(brachial-anklepulse wave velocity,baPWV)和踝臂指数(brachial-ankle index,ABI),了解成年人群的血管弹性状况。血脂异常的诊断依据1997年全国血脂防治建议。结果 体检的525人中,40～49岁baPWV检测值升高者占32.8%;50～59岁baPWV检测值升高者占56%;60～69岁baPWV检测值升高者占69.8%;70～79岁baPWV检测值升高者占75%;年龄越大,baPWV检出率越高。525人中,baPWV检测值轻度升高者占13%;baPWV中度升高者占22%;重度升高者占8%。525人中血脂异常者309人,其中总胆固醇值升高、低密度脂蛋白升高伴同型半胱氨酸升高者179人,伴baPWV检测值升高者136人,达76%。结果 显示,总胆固醇值和低密度脂蛋白升高伴同型半胱氨酸升高者下肢动脉硬化发生率高(76%)。结论 深圳地区成年人群早期下肢动脉硬化与脂质代谢异常密切相关。积极治疗脂质代谢异常,开展下肢动脉粥样硬化的一级和二级预防是降低心脑血管事件的关键。     

Two mucosal-parenteral schedules to coadminister a multiantigenic formulation against HIV-1 in Balb/c mice

Previous studies showed that simultaneous immunization through the nasal (IN) and subcutaneous (SC) route of a multiantigenic formulation induced a Th1 anti-HIV humoral and cellular immune responses. The formulation was comprised of a recombinant protein of HIV-1 (named CR3; Cellular Response number 3) and the surface and nucleocapsid antigens of hepatitis B virus. This study asks whether four times simultaneous administration through the IN and SC routes (SC+IN) of the multiantigenic formulation induces a similar systemic and mucosal immune responses than two sequential IN priming and two SC boosting (2IN&2SC) inoculations in mice. To answer this question, we tested the same total dose of each antigen per animal in both schedules of inoculation. We found that SC+IN and 2IN&2SC coadministration induced comparable levels of CR3(HIV)-specific IFN-γ-secreting cells and CD8+ cells proliferation in the systemic compartment of animals. Consistent with these findings, a similar Th1 profile considering anti-CR3 IgG1:IGg2a ratio was observed. Additionally, the level of IgG antibodies and the frequency of seroconverting animals in vagina were not different. However, in the case of IgA antibodies the same parameters were significantly higher in the SC+IN group. We also found important level of HBsAg-specific antibodies in serum and vaginal washes.     

The stimulation of osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells by ionic products from akermanite dissolution via activation of the ERK pathway

Our previous study indicates that akermanite, a type of Ca-, Mg-, Si-containing bioceramic, can promote the osteogenic differentiation of hASCs. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we investigated the effect of the extract from akermanite, on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hASCs. The original extract was obtained at 200 mg akermanite/ml LG-DMEM and further diluted with LG-DMEM. The final extracts were denoted as 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, and 1/32 extracts based on the concentrations of the original extract. The LDH assay and live/dead stain were used to reveal the cytotoxicity of the different extracts on hASCs, while the DNA assay was carried out to quantitatively evaluate the proliferation of cells after being cultured with the extracts for 1, 3 and 7 days. Flow cytometry for cell cycle analysis was carried out on cells cultured in two media (GM and 1/2 extract) in order to further analyze the effect of the extract on cell proliferation behaviors. Osteogenic differentiation of hASCs cultured in the extracts was detected by ALP expression and calcium deposition, and further confirmed by real-time PCR analysis. It was shown that Ca, Mg and Si ions in the extract could suppress the LDH release and proliferation of hASCs, whereas promote their osteogenic differentiation. Such effects were concentration-dependent with the 1/4 extract (Ca 2.36 mM, Mg 1.11 mM, Si 1.03 mM) being the optimum in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of hASCs. An immediate increase in ERK was observed in cells cultured in the 1/4 extract and such osteogenic differentiation of hASCs promoted by released ions could be blocked by MEK1-specific inhibitor, PD98059. Briefly, Ca, Mg and Si ions extracted from akermanite in the concentrations of 2.36, 1.11, 1.03 mM, respectively, could facilitate the osteogenic differentiation of hASCs via an ERK pathway, and suppress the proliferation of hASCs without significant cytotoxicity.     

Sustained and localized in vitro release of BMP‐2/7, RANKL,and tetracycline from Flexbone,an elastomeric osteoconductive bone substitute

We tested the hypothesis that synthetic composites containing a high percentage of osteoconductive biominerals well‐integrated with a hydrophilic polymer matrix can be engineered to provide both the structural and biochemical framework of a viable synthetic bone substitute. FlexBone, an elastic hydrogel‐mineral composite exhibiting excellent structural integration was prepared by crosslinking poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogel in the presence of 25 wt% nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and 25 wt% tricalcium phosphate. Biologically active factors tetracycline, BMP‐2/7, and RANKL that stimulate bone formation and remodeling were encapsulated into FlexBone during polymerization or via postpolymerization adsorption. SEM and dynamic mechanical analyses showed that the encapsulation of tetracycline (5.0 wt%) did not compromise the structural integrity and compressive behavior of FlexBone, which could withstand repetitive megapascal‐compressive loadings and be securely press‐fitted into critical femoral defects. Dose‐dependent, sustained in vitro release of tetracycline was characterized by spectroscopy and bacterial inhibition. A single dose of 40 ng BMP‐2/7 or 10 ng RANKL pre‐encapsulated with 50 mg FlexBone, released over 1 week, was able to induce local osteogenic differentiation of myoblast C2C12 cells and osteoclastogenesis of macrophage RAW264.7 cells, respectively. With a bonelike structural composition, useful surgical handling characteristics, and tunable biochemical microenvironment, FlexBone provides an exciting opportunity for the treatment of hard‐to‐heal skeletal defects with minimal systemic side effects. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1306–1311, 2009     

小鼠睾丸引带细胞的培养及己烯雌酚对培养睾丸引带细胞的影响

目的:探讨小鼠睾丸引带细胞体外培养的有效方法,并进行形态学观察。研究经典的外源性雌激素己烯雌酚(DES)体外对小鼠睾丸引带发育的影响。方法:手术放大镜解剖出3日龄雄性昆明小鼠的睾丸引带组织并进行细胞培养。台盼蓝染色检测细胞存活率,HE染色观察细胞形态。传代培养并随机分为空白对照组、溶剂对照组(DMSO组)和实验组(DES 1~4组)共6组。溶剂对照组加入DMSO,实验组分别加入0.01、0.10、1.00以及10.00μg/ml DES。分别于培养12、24、48 h后进行细胞形态学观察,CCK-8法检测睾丸引带细胞的生长情况。结果:培养睾丸引带细胞大部分为成纤维细胞型,有少数的上皮样细胞。原代细胞的存活率为85%~90%。在不同剂量DES作用后的3个不同时间段里,细胞增殖性的检测结果存在时间-剂量效应的显著差异(P<0.01)。结论:睾丸引带细胞可经一定的方法进行体外培养,外源性雌激素对睾丸引带细胞的生长有抑制作用,且呈现一定的时间-剂量效应。对培养睾丸引带细胞影响的研究是外源性雌激素影响生殖系统发育研究的一条有效的睾丸外途径。     

药物后适应对急性心肌梗死心肌保护作用的临床研究

目的探讨硝酸甘油和地尔硫卓药物后适应对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的心肌保护作用。方法比较2003年1月-2007年12月在我中心接受急诊PCI的310例STEMI患者,根据是否给予硝酸甘油＋地尔硫卓药物后适应分为药物后适应组（152例）和对照组（158例）。结果术后即刻药物后适应组cTFC值较低,MBG分级高。药物后适应组的术后12h ST段回落幅度较大,术后5d血清肌酸激酶同工酶曲线下面积较小,心脏超声左心室射血分数较高。另两组随访期间死亡比例和因心脏原因再次住院次数均差异显著。结论在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死中联合注射硝酸甘油和地尔硫卓进行药物后适应可显著改善再通后心肌的微灌注,减少近期死亡等主要心血管病事件的发生。     

Restraint and eating concern in North European and East Asian women with and without eating disorders in Australia and Singapore

OBJECTIVE: To investigate eating disorder psychopathology, restraint and eating concern in young women with and without an eating disorder from two different ethnic groups in Australia and Singapore. METHOD: The relationship of Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire Global, Restraint and Eating Concern scores to cultural orientation and sociocultural factors was analysed in 154 women with and without an eating disorder. Participants were from the following backgrounds: North European Australian, East Asian Australian, Singaporean Chinese and North European expatriates in Singapore. RESULTS: Women with eating disorders had similar psychopathology across the cultural groups. Among controls, Singaporean Chinese reported significantly greater overall eating disorder psychopathology than other cultural groups and greater restraint than North European Australians/expatriates. Eating concern was not associated with cultural group overall or acculturation to Western culture. Dissatisfaction with family functioning, socioeconomic status and education level were not significantly associated with any of the eating disorder measures. CONCLUSION: In eating disorder psychopathology, the specific symptom of eating concern may transcend cultural influences.