A prospective longitudinal study investigating neuroticism and mastery as predictors of quality of life among Chinese gynecologic cancer survivors

Purpose  

The aim of the study was to examine the role of neuroticism and mastery in predicting the quality of life (QOL) among Chinese gynecologic cancer survivors.     

基于Sihler’s技术的踝和足背皮神经的整体分布模式研究

目的 揭示踝及足背皮神经的整体分布模式,为皮瓣移植感觉重建提供形态学指导。 方法 成年尸体24具,紧贴肌表面摘取含皮下脂肪的踝及足背皮肤,用改良的Sihler’s染色法显示并观察皮神经整体分布模式。 结果 在Sihler’s染色的标本中,肉眼可见隐神经支配踝前区（40.01±7.6）%、踝后区（30±6.7）%、以及部分足背内侧缘。腓浅神经支配踝前区（60.03±6.8）%,其足背内侧皮神经支配足背内侧区、第1、2趾背及第3趾背内侧半;95.83%的足背中间皮神经分布到第3趾背外侧半、第4、5趾背。腓肠神经支配踝后区（70±5.3）%,其足背外侧皮神经支配足背外侧缘皮肤。腓深神经分布到第1、2趾背相对面。初级神经支密度以踝前区最高,次级及以下神经支密度和总的神经支密度均以足背内侧区最高。 结论 在踝或足背的皮瓣移植中,建议把踝前区或足背内侧区设计为利于感觉重建的首选供区或感觉需求较高的受区。     

含有镍钛合金丝的PET纺织瓣膜有限元分析及体外流体力学测试

目的 利用有限元方法分析径向织入镍钛金属丝的涤纶(polyethylene terephthalate, PET)基纺织瓣膜力学性能,结合体外血流动力学测试,分析金属丝数量和分布形式对PET瓣膜流体动力学性能的影响。方法 使用建模软件构建在径向方向上具有不同数量和分布的金属丝PET瓣膜和无金属丝PET瓣膜三维几何模型;根据文献和实验数据给定PET瓣膜和金属丝的材料属性;使用体外脉动流实验得到PET瓣膜的跨瓣压差曲线作为边界条件;利用有限元分析软件研究瓣膜在心动周期内的应力分布;通过体外脉动流实验评估金属丝瓣膜的流体力学性能。结果 有限元分析结果表明,径向织入镍钛金属丝可以增强对PET纺织瓣膜的支撑作用,金属丝均匀分布的瓣膜在瓣叶腹部区域的支撑力及作用区域随着金属丝数量增加而增大,金属丝分布在两侧位置的情况类似。金属丝的织入一定程度上改善PET瓣膜上的应力集中。脉动流实验结果表明,织入金属丝PET瓣膜开闭形态的稳定性、有效开口面积、反流分数和跨瓣压差等指标均优于无金属丝的纯PET瓣膜。结论 在PET纺织瓣膜的径向方向织入金属丝可以有效减少心动周期内PET纺织瓣膜上的应力集中,降低PET纺...     

肝肺综合征大鼠模型肺组织巨噬细胞表型变化

目的　探讨复合因素诱导大鼠肝肺综合征（hepatopulmonary syndrome,HPS）发病过程中巨噬细胞的表型变化特点。 方法　制备肝硬化合并HPS大鼠模型,随机设立4周组、6周组、8周组3个时点,同期设置正常对照组。采用HE染色观察肝、肺组织病理变化;VG染色法对肝纤维化进行观察;免疫荧光法对巨噬细胞标志物CD68进行观察,RT-PCR检测肺组织标本中M1、M2巨噬细胞表型标记物CD86及CD206,Elisa检测iNOS、TNF-α、Arg-1及IL10。 结果　随病程进展,模型组大鼠CD86、iNOS及TNF-α在肺组织中表达逐渐增高,CD86及iNOS至6周达到高峰后有所回落,但仍明显高于正常对照组;CD206、Arg-1及IL-10的表达于第6周开始明显增加,第8周CD206及Arg-1亦有回落。上述指标在各时点的表达均有显著差异;其中,模型组大鼠肺组织iNOS与CD86呈正相关;Arg-1与CD206呈正相关;IL-10与CD206呈正相关。 结论　HPS的发病过程中,肺组织巨噬细胞经历了一系列的表型变化,6周前以M1为主,第8周以M2为主。     

微创Juvara联合Akin截骨术治疗重度母外翻的临床疗效研究

目的 探讨微创Juvara联合Akin截骨术治疗重度母外翻的临床疗效。 方法　选取2016年8月~ 2018年8月佛山市中医院骨八科治疗的重度母外翻患者45例（50足）,均采用微创Juvara联合Akin截骨术。术前、术后3个月、6个月、12个月均通过X线片测量母外翻角、跖骨间角、跖骨远端关节角、跖趾关节远端固定角、趾骨间角,参照美国足踝外科协会（AOFAS）评分和Olerud-Molander主观功能（OMA）评分标准进行测评。 结果　45例患者术后均获随访,随访时间12 ~ 17个月,平均（14.20 ± 1.55）个月,无复发病例。上述指标及评分方面,术前与术后3个月、6个月、12个月相比,差异均具有显著性意义（P<0.01）;术后3个月、6个月和12个月两两比较,差异均无显著性意义（P>0.01）。 结论 微创Juvara联合Akin截骨术治疗重度母外翻疗效确切,手术切口小,安全性高,值得临床推广应用。     

Amplification of GB virus-C/hepatitis G virus RNA with primers from different regions of the viral genome

GB virus-C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) is a newly identified RNA virus. The aim of the study was to compare three primer pairs from the 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR), envelope region 2 (E 2) and nonstructural region 3 (NS 3) of GBV-C/HGV genome for their ability to detect GBV-C/HGV RNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. By using PCR with primers from different regions of the viral genome, serum GBV-C/HGV RNA was assayed in 200 at-risk individuals. The sensitivity of this assay was assessed by a titration experiment, and nucleotide sequences of the amplified products were determined directly. Of 200 serum samples, 43 (21.5%) were positive for GBV-C/HGV RNA with at least one of the primer pairs. The positive rates by 5′UTR, NS 3, and E 2 primers were 100%, 98%, and 84%, respectively, and the sensitivity of PCR assays using 5′UTR primers was 10 to 100 times more likely to detect GBV-C/HGV RNA than that of NS 3 and E 2 primers. The average homology of amplified targets to the prototype HGV genome was 89%, 80%, and 85% and the similarity between each amplified target was up to 100%, 90%, and 92% in the 5′UTR, E 2, and NS 3 regions, respectively. Therefore, the 5′UTR of GBV-C/HGV genome is highly conserved and primers deduced from this region can provide a sensitive and specific PCR assay for GBV-C/HGV RNA. J. Med. Virol. 51:284–289, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

芹菜素治疗去卵巢骨质疏松模型大鼠的作用与剂量

文题释义： 芹菜素：主要存在于瑞香科、马鞭草科、卷柏科植物中,如芫花,卷柏中含量较大。芹菜素属于黄酮类,具有抑制致癌物质的致癌活性;作为治疗HIV和其他病毒感染的抗病毒药物;MAP激酶的抑制剂;治疗各种炎症;抗氧化剂;镇静、安神;降压。与其他黄酮类物质(槲皮素、山奈黄酮)相比具有低毒、无诱变性等特点。 骨密度：全称是骨骼矿物质密度,是骨骼强度的一个重要指标,以g/cm³表示,是一个绝对值。在临床使用骨密度值时由于不同的骨密度检测仪的绝对值不同,通常使用T值判断骨密度是否正常。T值是一个相对值,正常参考值在-1和+1之间。当T值低于-2.5时为不正常。骨密度,是骨质量的一个重要标志,反映骨质疏松程度,预测骨折危险性的重要依据。 背景：研究证实芹菜素具有抗病毒、抗炎、抗氧化、镇静安神等功效。 目的：研究不同剂量芹菜素对大鼠骨质疏松的疗效并探讨其机制。 方法：实验方案经南方医科大学动物实验伦理委员会批准。成年雌性SD大鼠42只,通过卵巢切除法建立大鼠骨质疏松模型,实验分为7组,每组6只大鼠,分别为假手术组、芹菜素20,40,60和80 mg/kg组、对照组、阳性对照组。假手术组未摘除卵巢,阳性对照组每天灌胃烯雌酚(0.02 mg/kg)、维生素D和钙;对照组给予同等量纯净水皮下注射;芹菜素各组分别给予相应剂量的芹菜素皮下注射;1次/d,用药8周。分别检测干预后第4周和第8周大鼠股骨密度和血清中钙、磷、骨碱性磷酸酶、Ⅰ型前胶原氨基末端前肽、β-Ⅰ型胶原C-末端肽的水平。 结果与结论：①与对照组比较,芹菜素剂量为40,60和80 mg/kg时,大鼠的骨密度、血清中钙、磷在第4周和第8周时均较高(P < 0.05),Ⅰ型前胶原氨基末端前肽、β-Ⅰ型胶原C-末端肽、骨碱性磷酸酶较低(P < 0.05);②与阳性对照组比,芹菜素剂量为60 mg/kg和80 mg/kg时,大鼠的骨密度、血清中钙、磷和骨碱性磷酸酶、Ⅰ型前胶原氨基末端前肽、β-Ⅰ型胶原C-末端肽在第4周和第8周时均无明显差别(P > 0.05),剂量为 20 mg/kg和 40 mg/kg时,骨密度、血清中钙、磷、均比阳性对照组低(P < 0.05),Ⅰ型前胶原氨基末端前肽、β-Ⅰ型胶原C-末端肽比阳性对照组高(P < 0.05);③对照组和假手术组比较,在第4周和第8周时大鼠骨密度、 血清中钙、磷均比较低(P < 0.05),Ⅰ型前胶原氨基末端前肽、β-Ⅰ型胶原C-末端肽均比较高(P < 0.05);④结果说明,去卵巢法建立大鼠骨质疏松模型确实有效;芹菜素对骨质疏松的治疗作用和剂量相关,一定剂量的芹菜素具有类似烯雌酚样的抗骨质疏松效果。 ORCID: 0000-0002-9167-5286(赖丽金) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

Trio‐whole‐exome sequencing and preimplantation genetic diagnosis for unexplained recurrent fetal malformations

Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) is widely used to detect genetic mutations that cause Mendelian diseases, and has been successfully applied in combination with preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) to avoid the transmission of genetic defects. We investigated 40 nonconsanguineous families with unexplained, recurrent fetal malformations (two or more malformed fetuses) from May 2016 to December 2018. Using Trio‐WES, we identified 32 disease‐associated variants in 40 families (80% positive rate), which were subsequently verified. Known Mendelian diseases were identified in 12 families (30%), highly suspected Mendelian diseases in 12 families (30%), variants with uncertain significance in 8 families (20%), and no noticeable variants for 8 families (20%). Further analysis showed variants in 22 genes may cause fetal malformations. Four gene variants were detected in fetuses for the first time, which expanded the spectrum of the disease phenotype. Two novel candidate genes may be related to fetal malformations. Of 26 couples receiving PGD on disease‐associated genes, 3 healthy newborns were delivered, and 4 couples are undergoing pregnancies. We reported the fetal data and developed an optimized genetic testing strategy. Our finding strongly suggests the presence of single gene Mendelian disorders in 60% of those families, and PGD services for couples to have healthy babies.     

LEAP: Using machine learning to support variant classification in a clinical setting

Advances in genome sequencing have led to a tremendous increase in the discovery of novel missense variants, but evidence for determining clinical significance can be limited or conflicting. Here, we present Learning from Evidence to Assess Pathogenicity (LEAP), a machine learning model that utilizes a variety of feature categories to classify variants, and achieves high performance in multiple genes and different health conditions. Feature categories include functional predictions, splice predictions, population frequencies, conservation scores, protein domain data, and clinical observation data such as personal and family history and covariant information. L2‐regularized logistic regression and random forest classification models were trained on missense variants detected and classified during the course of routine clinical testing at Color Genomics (14,226 variants from 24 cancer‐related genes and 5,398 variants from 30 cardiovascular‐related genes). Using 10‐fold cross‐validated predictions, the logistic regression model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 97.8% (cancer) and 98.8% (cardiovascular), while the random forest model achieved 98.3% (cancer) and 98.6% (cardiovascular). We demonstrate generalizability to different genes by validating predictions on genes withheld from training (96.8% AUROC). High accuracy and broad applicability make LEAP effective in the clinical setting as a high‐throughput quality control layer.     

骨髓基质细胞促进人胚神经干细胞向神经元的分化

目的:探讨骨髓基质细胞(BMSCs)对人胚神经干细胞(NSCs)分化的影响。方法:采用机械法分离人胚NSCs,成球法进行传代培养,采用免疫荧光染色检测神经上皮干细胞蛋白(Nestin)的表达鉴定NSCs。按培养方式不同,分为NSCs自然分化组、BMSCs和NSCs直接接触共培养组及Transwell共培养组,采用免疫细胞荧光法及免疫印迹法检测各组神经元和星形胶质细胞标志物的表达。结果:在直接接触共培养组和transwell共培养组中,免疫荧光染色显示神经元标志物NSE阳性细胞率明显高于自然分化组,而星形胶质细胞标志物GFAP阳性细胞率低于自然分化组。免疫印迹检测显示Transwell共培养组中NSE表达量显著高于自然分化组,而GFAP表达量低于自然分化组。结论:BMSCs具有促进NSCs向神经元分化的作用。