转染反义磷脂酶A2寡核苷酸抑制LPS诱导Hela细胞分泌IL-1β和IL-6

目的：研究脑浆型磷脂酶A2(cytosolic phospholipase A2,cPLA2,85—kD PLA2)在脂多糖诱导Hela细胞释放细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6的信号机制中的作用。方法：①利用脂质体将cPLA2的反义寡核苷酸转染入Hela细胞，通过聚合酶链式反应(RT—PCR)及Western杂交印迹分析检验胞浆中cPLA2人水平的变化；②用放免方法检测不同时间培养上清中的IL-1β、IL-6浓度。结果：①转染后cPLA2的蛋白表达明显减少，但mRNA水平未见显著改变；②Hela细胞释放IL-1β、IL-6随cPLA2人反义寡核苷酸浓度的增加而减少。结论：cPLA2人LPS刺激的Hela细胞释放炎性细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6的过程中可能发挥重要的信号传递作用。     

同步录像脑电图在癫（疒/间）外科诊疗中的应用价值

目的：探讨同步录像脑电图（Video-EEG)在癫痫外科诊疗中的意义。方法；对30例难治性癫痫患者进行普通脑电图（REEG）、Video-EEG、术中皮层脑电图（ECoG)及神经影像学检查（CT或（和）MRI），并比较其结果。结果：30例患者中，REEG监测到棘波19例，检出率63％；Video-EEG监测到棘波29例，检出率97％；神经影像学检查发现23例有异常病灶（77％），其中20例定位与Video-EEG完全一致（87％）。在30例手术患者中，29例ECoG的癫痫灶定位与术前Video-EEG一致（97％）。结论：Video-EEG对于癫痫的定位诊断以及指导手术治疗有相当重要的临床价值。     

精神病人手术治疗前后WMS、WAIS测试结果分析

目的　探讨精神病的外科手术疗法对病人脑功能的损害。方法　应用韦氏记忆 ( WMS)、智力 ( WAIS)量表分别对1 0名精神病人进行手术治疗前后的测试。结果　精神病人手术治疗前后 ,记忆、智力量表分没有显著差异 ( P>0 .0 5 )。结论　精神病的外科治疗对病人的脑功能没有不良影响。     

失眠的评估

失眠是困扰许多人的最常见的睡眠问题。失眠引起白天困倦、疲劳、情绪烦恼、工作效率下降，甚至可造成致命性的结果。虽然失眠发病率很高，但大多数失眠者并未被临床医生所识别。对失眠恰当的评估对患者非常重要。本文将回顾近年来对失眠评定方面的研究，内容包括睡眠史、自评方法、心理评估，心理生理评估、医学评估、多导睡眠图及其它睡眠评估方法。     

消化道平滑肌肿瘤超微结构观察

对20例消化道平滑肌肿瘤的电镜观察,发现并非所有病例均具有平滑肌细胞超微结构特征。7例见有肌微丝及相应的致密体,5例见有胞膜下增厚的致密斑,4例见有胞膜下吞饮小泡及膜外间断基底膜。上述改变出现于4例平滑肌瘤中的3例,10例高分化平滑肌肉瘤中的4例,6例分化较差平滑肌肉瘤及1例上皮样平滑肌瘤未发现。其他如内质网的扩张、线粒体的变形及糖元核醣体的广泛分布等改变亦可见到。     

β-血小板球蛋白对小牛主动脉内皮细胞的LDL受体活性的抑制作用的初步研究

本文首次报告了β-血小板球蛋白(β-TG)能明显抑制小牛主动脉内皮细胞的LDL受体活性,但不影响该受体的生成。初步分析提示β-TG的这种抑制作用可能不完全是由于β-TG和~(125)I-LDL之间存在的竞争性抑制作用所致。此外,对于β-TG的这种抑制作用在动脉粥样硬化形成中的意义进行了讨论。     

原位PCR技术检测石蜡包埋脑组织中人巨细胞病毒DNA

应用原位聚合酶链反应（ＩＳＰＣＲ）技术检测了２５例尸检畸形胎儿石蜡包埋脑组织中人巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）ＤＮＡ，并与普通ＰＣＲ及原位杂交（ＩＳＨ）进行了比较。ＩＳＰＣＲ、ＰＣＲ及ＩＳＨ检测阳性率分别为４４％，３６％及２０％。与ＩＳＨ相比较，ＩＳＰＣＲ不仅检出阳性率高，而且信号强度增强。研究结果提示，ＩＳ－ＰＣＲ是诊断ＨＣＭＶ感染的快速、敏感、特异的实用方法。     

脑血管病人主要照顾者心身障碍调查及其影响因素分析

作者通过对病后三个月１０８例脑血管病病人及其主要照顾者心身健康状况调查发现：由于照顾病人，２８名（２５．９％）照顾者认为健康受到影响，２７人（２５．０％）合并抑郁障碍，１５人（１３．９％）合并焦虑障碍，并且出现各种应激症状，如睡眠被打扰，担心病人出意外等。多因素相关分析提示照顾合并心理障碍的病人及所受社会支持不良者更易出现抑郁、焦虑障碍，应激水平也较高，结果提示为提高医疗服务质量，干预的对象应扩展到照顾者，甚至到整个家庭     

白内障晶状体上皮细胞及晶状体纤维超微结构的观察

应用胎儿晶状体发育的超微结构为形态学依据,观察老年性、外伤性、先天性白内障晶状体的超微结构.结果:老年性白内障晶状体上皮多数细胞膜破裂,作者首先发现其原因是相邻细胞顶部的紧密连结缺失,房水侵入所致.胞质中线粒体空泡化,内质网扩张、脱粒.晶状体纤维膨胀、崩溃.细胞之间的各种连结消失.外伤性白内障除具有白内障特点外,胞质中出现大量溶酶体、残体.1例先天性白内障,上皮细胞发育尚好,晶体纤维不发育.     

Urinary leukotriene E(4), eosinophil protein X, and nasal eosinophil cationic protein are not associated with respiratory symptoms in 1-year-old children

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic airways inflammation forms the pathophysiologic basis for a proportion of children at risk of developing recurrent wheezing. Early preventive measures and/or anti-inflammatory treatment may be guided by the identification of such children. We aimed to study the relationship between respiratory symptoms and indirect markers of airway inflammation. METHODS: We measured eosinophil protein X (EPX) and leukotriene E(4) (LTE(4)) in urine, as well as eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in nasal lavages, in a random sample of 1-year-old children with a family history of atopy who participated in an international multicenter study on the prevention of allergy in Europe. For urine analyses, 10 children with upper respiratory illness and 19 healthy children without a family history of atopy were also enrolled. Endogenous urinary LTE(4) was separated by HPLC and determined by enzyme immunoassay with a specific antibody. The concentrations of nasal ECP and urinary EPX were determined by RIA analysis. RESULTS: One hundred and ten children (mean age: 1.05+/-0.1 years) were enrolled. Prolonged coughing during the first year of life was reported in 29 children, wheezy breathing in 17 children, and dry skin in 33 children. A doctor's diagnosis of wheezy bronchitis was given to 17 children. Sensitization to dust mites (specific IgE > or =1.43 ML/units) was detected in two children. Children with a doctor's diagnosis of atopic dermatitis within the first 12 months of life (n=6) had significantly higher urinary EPX than children without this (66.7 vs 30.1 microg/mmol creatinine, P=0.01). Urinary excretion of EPX and LTE4 showed a weak correlation (r=0.22, P=0.02). There were no significant differences in urinary excretion of EPX and LTE(4) or nasal ECP between children with and without respiratory symptoms (P>0.1). CONCLUSIONS: At the age of 1 year, urinary EPX is increased in children with atopic dermatitis. With regard to respiratory symptoms, urinary and nasal inflammatory parameters are not helpful in characterizing the phenotype of a single patient.